Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are chemicals to which humans are exposed frequently via various mediums, including vehicle emissions that contain fine dust and heavy metals, use of organic solvent building materials, furniture, and smoking. Exposure to high concentrations of VOCs may result in loss of consciousness, paralysis, convulsions, and, in the most severe cases, death. Therefore, the present study investigated the indoor and outdoor concentrations of total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) and five types of VOCs (benzene, toluene, styrene, m,p-xylene, and o-xylene) in apartments, a representative residential environment accounting for ~55% of the housing in the Seoul metropolitan area. The research was conducted over four seasons from May 2020 to February 2021, and the levels of VOC concentrations were analyzed by classifying them by season, weekday/weekend, and indoor/outdoor locations. The seasonal trend in VOC concentrations showed that TVOC concentration was highest in summer, with values of 1630.93 ± 1184.10 μg/m3 and 1610.36 ± 1363.43 μg/m3 for indoor and outdoor environments, respectively. The seasonal trends of the concentrations of the five types of VOCs showed that concentrations of benzene and toluene were highest in spring, the concentrations of m,p-xylene and o-xylene were highest in summer, and the concentration of styrene was highest in winter, irrespective of spatial characteristics such as indoor/outdoor environments. In all four seasons, the indoor concentrations were higher than the outdoor concentrations. These results reveal the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of the VOCs and so can serve as useful basic data for managing indoor and outdoor levels of VOCs.

This study empirically verified the effect of the characteristics of live commerce on consumer trust and purchase intention. An online survey was conducted targeting adult women in their 20s and 30s who watched videos relating to fashion products on the NAVER shopping live channel; 281 questionnaires were analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistics 23 and AMOS 21 software packages. Consequently, the four factors of interactivity, attractiveness, price discount, and playfulness were identified from the data as characteristics of live commerce. Whereas interactivity and playfulness positively affected trust in both the seller and the product, attractiveness did nor significantly affect trust in the seller and the product. Furthermore, price discount had a significant positive effect only on trust in the seller and had no significant effect on trust in the product. In addition, trust in both the seller and the product had a significant positive effect on consumers’ purchase intention; in particular, trust in the seller had a greater influence on consumers’ purchase intention than trust in the product did. Research on the characteristics of live commerce can contribute to extend the theorical framework of live commerce research. Finally, fashion companies using live commerce channels will be able to develop live commerce channels that can elicit positive consumer perceptions based on the results of this study.

깨끗한 물에 대한 수요는 우리 사회가 인간의 삶을 개선하기 위해 점점 더 진보되고 수준 높은 기술을 개발함에도 불구하고 모든 현대 사회에 존재한다. 그러나 지구 기후 변화가 전 세계 여러 지역에서 더욱 극적인 영향을 미치기 시작하면서 폐수를 처리하거나 인체 건강에 해로운 박테리아, 미생물, 바이러스 및 기타 용매를 제거하기 위해 저렴하고 효과적인 방법에 대한 요구가 계속되고 있고 그 어느 때보다 중요하다. 폴리아닐린(PANI), 폴리(비닐리덴 플루오라이드)(PVDF) 등으로 구성 되어 있는 합성막은 잘 구축되어 있고 막의 특성과 성능에 관한 정보를 수집하기 위해 광범위하게 연구되었지만 최근 연구에 따르면 이러한 합성막을 전류에 전도성 있게 만드는 것으로 나타났다. 다른 물질로 막을 도핑하거나 탄소 동소체와 같은 전도성 물질을 막 표면에 통합함으로써 기공 크기의 조정 가능성, 더 나은 방오성과 항균성을 허용함으로써 이러한 막의 성능을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 본 총설에서는 현대의 전기 전도성 막을 기존 막과 비교하고 전기장 하에서의 성능 향상과 물 여과 및 폐수 처리 응용 분야에서의 잠재력에 대해 논의한다.

물 부족을 포함한 기후 변화의 해로운 결과는 효과적인 정수에 대한 관심을 가져왔다. 또한, 수질 오염 수준이 높 아지고 환경 파괴 수준이 심해지면서 오염 물질을 제거하려는 방안들이 요구되고 있다. 물을 정화하기 위해 반투막을 통한 삼투압 절차들을 사용할 수 있으며, 최근 연구에 따르면 탄소 양자점(CQD), 그래핀 양자점(GQD) 및 산화 그래핀 양자점 (GOQD)을 포함한 나노입자를 복합 박막(TFC)에 합체하면 유사한 수준의 염 거부율을 유지하면서 물흐름을 증가시킬 수 있 다. 이러한 효과 외의 여러 가지 효과가 있지만 그 중에서도 친수성을 높이고, 살균 성질을 보이고, 방오 특성으로 인해 박테 리아 및 기타 미생물의 축적을 방지하면서 막의 효과가 감소하는 것을 막는 것을 보여준다. 이 보고서는 양자점이 합체된 정 수용 복합 막에서 양자점의 제조 과정, 응용, 기능성, 성질 및 역할을 논의한다.

The purpose of this study is to examine consumers’ perceived anxiety about the safety of clothing and lifestyle products and the influencing factors by focusing on the physical risk factors in the overall clothing industry. The results showed that anxiety about chemicals and hygiene products has a greater impact than anxiety about clothes and beauty products. We also identified the effect of consumers’ subjective perceptions of their health and demographic characteristics related to anxiety. The results of this study can be used as fundamental data for to effective communicate methods and consumer safety-related policies to reduce consumers’ anxiety related to clothing. It is also ultimately meaningful to help consumers make informed decisions that lead to safe and sustainable consumption.