The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of perceived risk, community usage motive, and price sensitivity of customers who purchase children’s wear directly from overseas on customer satisfaction. Specifically, this study is aimed at verifying the moderating effect of price sensitivity when perceived risk and community usage motive significantly influence customer satisfaction. A survey was conducted among consumers who experienced directly purchasing children’s wear from overseas and engaging in communities. A total of 415 questionnaires were distributed, which 41 responses were insincere and excluded; thus, 374 responses were analyzed. Results of this study are as follows. First, the analysis on how perceived risk and community usage motive influence customer satisfaction reveals the significant influence of economic and social psychological risk on customer satisfaction. Moreover, informational, recreational, and social emotional usage motive have a significant influence on customer satisfaction. Second, the effect of perceived risk and community usage motive on customer satisfaction based on different levels of price sensitivity was verified. As a result, delivery and economic risks affect customer satisfaction for consumers with high price sensitivity. Moreover, recreational usage motive has a significant influence on customer satisfaction for high price sensitive consumers. In conclusion, perceived risk negatively impacts customer satisfaction. Therefore, it is essential to provide a system that can reduce the perceived risk of consumers who purchase children’s wear directly from overseas.

This study was aimed to evaluate the dose-response the effects of nano-encapsulated conjugated linoleic acids(CLAs) on in vitro ruminal fermentation profiles. A fistulated Holstein cow was used as a donor of rumen fluid. Nano-encapsulated CLAs(LF, 5% of nano-encapsulated CLA-FFA; HF, 10% of nano-encapsulated CLA-FFA; LT, 5% of nano-encapsulated CLA-TG; HT, 10% of nano-encapsulated CLA-TG) were added to the in vitro ruminal fermentation experiment. In the in vitro ruminal incubation test, the total gas production on incubation with nano-encapsulated CLAs was increased significantly according to the incubation time, compared with the control(p<0.05). The tVFA concentrations on addition of LF and HT were significantly higher than that of the control(p<0.05). Thus, nano-encapsulated CLAs might improve the ruminal fermentation characteristics without adverse effects on the incubation process. In addition, the population of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens which is closely related to ruminal biohydrogenation was increased by adding HT, while decreased by adding LF at 12 h incubation. These results showed that nano-encapsulated CLA-FFA could be applied to enhance CLA levels in ruminants by maintaining the stability of CLA without causing adverse effects on ruminal fermentation profiles considering the optimal dosage.

This study purposed to provide a scientific base for understanding the effect of therapeutic intervention using motivation on chronic stroke patients’balance and determining whether it is applicable as a new therapeutic intervention. For this study, we sampled 38 chronic stroke patients, and divided them randomly into a motivation training group(n=20) and a control group(n=18). To the control group was applied neurological physiotherapy 5 times a week, and 30 minutes each time, and to the motivation training group was applied neurological physiotherapy and then, additionally, a Nintendo Wii-Fit program 3 times a week, and 30 minutes each time. Before and after the experiment, the subjects’dynamic balance was measured with functional reach test(FRT), timed up & go test(TUG), and 10m gait test, and their static balance was measured with the Romberger Test. When dynamic balance ability was compared between before and after the experiment and between the motivation training group and the control group, significant difference was observed in the results of FRT, TUG, and 10m walking test between before and after the intervention(p<.05). As to static balance, in addition, body balance movement distance was not significantly different. Therapeutic intervention using dynamic motivation was found to be more effective than the control group in improving dynamic balance.

To control pest of Brassicaceae leafy vegetable(leaf broccoli, Red Mustard Leaf, Tatsoi) which grows at vinyl house in IKSAN, Jeollabuk-do, the non-treatment was set as negative control, and treatment was divided into Parasitic natural treatment group and general treatment group. And incidence density of pest was surveyed and control effect was analyzed. As a result, in case of spring plants, the leaf damage ratio was decreased by 31% in Leaf broccoli, 30% in Red mustard leaf and 27% in Tatsoi compared to untreatment. In case of autumn plants, it was decreased by 32%, 41% and 17% respectively. The key pests were Plutella xylostella, Pieris rapae, Myus persicae Sulzer, Thrips palmi and Striped cabbage flea-beetle. Compared with the untreatment, the incidence density of each was significantly controlled. Other pests include Spodoptera exigua, Macdunnoughia purissima, Macdunnoughia purissima which showed high incidental density sometimes. In case of spring plants, the number by treatment was increased by 117% in Leaf broccoli, 85% in Red mustard leaf and 1,000% in Tatsoi. In autumn plants, it was increased by 132%, 257% and 1,077% respectively. The used Parasitic natural and eco-friendly materials were Cotesia glomerata, lacewing, ladyburg, Orius laevigatus, Encarsia formosa, Entomopathogenic nematode, Chungjigi and Togkaki. During early development of each pest, the Parasitic naturals were grazed 2~3 times at the interval of 7~10days. During the peak time, eco-friendly materials were sprayed 1~2 times. Based on this, comprehensive management model was drafted by period for each Brassicaceae vegetables pest.

To control Thrips tabaci in Korean leek and green onion which grow at vinyl house in IKSAN, Jeollabuk-do, the non-treatment was set as negative control. In general treatment group, 120 mesh gauze was installed on the side window after planting(May, 2nd) and, in spring, Orius strigicollis (1.0/m2) was grazed 3 times every 7 days from mid of May which is early development stage and In the mid of June, which is the peak stage, plant extracts were sprayed one time. In autumn, O. strigicollis was grazed 3 times every 7 days from mid of September which is early development stage, and in the mid of October, which is the peak stage, plant extracts were sprayed one time. The result shows that the leaf damage ratio was decreased by 22% in Korean leek and by 27% in green onion compared to the untreatment. And the control value of Thrips tabaci shows 78.7% in korean leak and 90.6% in green onion. The density control effect of Thrips tabaci was significantly controlled under max 6.2/plant in general treatment group compared max 25/plant in the untreatment and this result was similar in green onion. The yields by general treatment was increased by 85% in Korean leek and 56% in green onion, compared with non-treatment yields, which was 900kg/10a in Korean leek and 1,287kg/10a in green onion.