전기변색(electrochromism, EC)소자는 여러 가지 색으로 발색이 가능하고, 낮은 구동전압과 메모리성이 좋은 특징을 갖고 있으나, 내구성이 부족하고 발색 및 소색 속도의 감소, 반복에 따른 완전한 소색과 응답성이 떨어져 실용화에 문제점를 나타내고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 viologen 유도체와 leuco dyes의 안정성 및 내구성을 향상시키기 위하여 이들 색소들의 산화환 원전위와 산화방지제(AO-60)를 사용하였을 때의 cyclic voltammetry와 chronocoulometry를 비교 측정하였다. 그 결과 leuco dye인 CVL과 ODB-2에서는 charge값의 안정성이 10% 이상 증가하였고 Orange-DCF, Red-DCF, Green-DCF에서는 charge값이 5% 이상 상승한 결과를 나타내었다. 모든 색소가 산화방지제를 첨가하였을 경우가 안정한 상태로 내구성을 유지하는 것이 확인 되었다. Benzyl viologen의 경우 AO-60 첨가에 의하여 불안정한 산화상태를 안정화시키는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 본 연구결과 leuco dye에 의한 EC 소자의 가능성과 칼라화에 대한 가능성을 보임을 확인하였다.

Nanoscale Al powder with thin layer of alumina was produced by Wire Electric Explosion (WEE) process. Spark-Plasma Sintering (SPS) was performed for the produced powder to confirm the effectiveness of SPS like so-called 'surface-cleaning effect' and so on. Crystallite size and alumina content of produced powder varied with the ratio of input energy to sublimation energy of Al wire (): Increase in () resulted in the decrease of crystallite size and the increase of alumina content. Shrinkage curve during SPS process showed that the oxide surface layer could not be destroyed near the melting point of Al. It implied that there was not enough or no spark-plasma effect during SPS for Al/Alumina powder.

Mechanically-alloyed NiAl powder was sintered by Spark-Plasma Sintering (SPS) process. Densification and behavior mechanical property were determined from the experimental results and analysis ,such as changes in linear shrinkage, shrinkage rate, microstructure, and phase during sintering process, Victors hardness, and transver.ie-rupture-strength (TRS). Above 97% relative density was obtained after sintering at 115 for 5 min. Crystallite size determined by the Scherrer method was approximately 50 nm. From the X-ray diffraction analysis it was confirmed that the sintered bodies were composed mainly of NiAl phase together with NiAl phase. Measured Vickers hardness and TRS value were 55510 and 139375 MPa , respectively.