우리나라에 자생하는 옻나무과 수종을 대상으로 석엽표본 조사와 현지답사를 통하여 지리적 분포 현황을 확인하였으며, 자생지서 수한 잎과 화서,열매,동아,줄기를 관찰하여 종의 특징을 조사하였고, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 옻나무는 우리나라 전지역에 재배가 가능하며, 특히 추운지방에서 많은 재배를 하고 있었다. 잎은 개옻나무에 비해 두꺼웠으며, 열매는 황갈색이었다. 2. 개옻나무는 우리나라 남쪽 먼 일부도서지방을 제외한 전지역에 분포하고 있으며, 엽병이 붉고, 열매는 6-7월에 성숙하며 강모가 있는게 특징이었다. 3. 산검양옻나무는 난대지방과 온대남부지방에 폭넓게 분포하며, 우리나라에서는 36˚이남지방의 해안과 제주도를 포함한 도서지방에 주로 분포하고 있었으며, 주맥과 2차맥의 형성각이 70˚이상이었으며, 잎과 엽병에 많은 털이 있어 검양옻나무와 구별되었다. 4. 검양옻나무는 난대수종으로 제주도와 남쪽 일부 도서지방에만 분포하고 있었으며, 제주도에는 큰 군락을 이루고 있었다. 잎은 피침형 내지 장타원형이며 털이 거의 없는게 다른 수종과 구별되었다. 5. 붉나무는 난온대지방에 매우 폭넓게 분포하는 수종으로, 우리나라 전지역에 자생하고 있으며, 해조 800-900m에까지 분포하고, 원추화서는 8-9월에 가지끝에 달리는 것이 특징이었다. 6. 덩굴옻나무는 난대지방에 분포하고 있으며, 우리나라에서는 연천군 광도와 상백도에 천연분포하고 있었으며, 낙엽덩굴성으로 잎은 삼출복엽이고, 질이며 광택이 있고, 뒤로 젖혀지는 특징이 있었다.

To investigate the effect of several bactericides and fungicides against fruit & vegetable decay grapefruit seed extract(GFSE) was tested in a dilution solution. GFSE was shown to be effective against decay and rind breakdown and to extend the shelf-life of fruits and vegetables during storage and tiansport. Antimicrobial efficiency of GFSE on a wide spectra of gram + & - bacteria, moulds and yeasts was demonstrated by the measurement of minimal inhibitory concentrations performed (Bacteria 10-500ppm, Fungi:250-1,000ppm, Yeasts:100-250ppm). GFSE was separated and extracted into water-soluble fraction, water-insoluble and non-dialyzed fraction to isolate the antimicrobial substances. The water-soluble fraction showed the most active antimicrobial effect. The antimicrobial substances were isolated by gas chromatography. As the result of the isolation using GC, Peak-D was found to be the antimicrobial compound in GFSE. The identification of the most antimicrobial substance was carried out by using GC-MS.

The three natural zeolites collected in Yungil-gun, Kyungsangbuk-do, Korea, were analyzed by means of chemical wet methods and X-ray diffraction. The results indicated that the primary species of those zeolites were clinoptilolite mixed with heulandite, feldspar, montmorillonite, and quartz. These zeolites were chemically treated with NaOH, Ca(OH)_2, and HCl solution and their differences were also studied with X-ray diffraction method. The capabilities of removing Cs^+ and Sr^2+ ions with chemically untreated zeolites, chemically treated zeolites, and also with synthetic zeolites were compared. The effect of other cations in removing Sr^2+ ions was also studied. The experimental results showed that Cs+ and Sr^2+ ions could be removed up to 98% and 95% respectively out of 5 ppm with chemically untrearted natural zeolites. The treatment of 0.02N-Ca(OH)_2 and that of 2N-NaOH were most effective in removing Cs^+ and Sr^2+ ions, respectively. It was found that the mountaintop of Sangjung 1-dong natural zeolite treated with 2N-NaOH was most efficient in removing Sr^2+ ions mixed with other cations, compared with any other chemically treated and untreated natural zeolites in this work.

In order to predict the distribution of chemical species of copper and cadmium in water, conditional stability constant and complexation capacity between copper or cadmium and natural aquatic sediment have been determined in a shallow lake in Haman, Kyungnam. Kinetic parameters were calculated by Langmuir isotherm equation. Conditional stability constant was log K_cdses=4.78 and log K_cdsed=4.45. Complexation capacity was 1.70×10 exp (-4) moles/g for copper and 5.54×10 exp (-4) moles/g for cadmium. Accuracy of experimental values of conditional stability constant was checked by comparing the calculated concentration of the metals with the measured one. Relatively good agreement between these values was obtained. Relative errors were 8.9% for copper and 6.5% for cadmium. Data of the measured conditional stability constant were put into data base of MINEQL computer program, and concentration of various chemical species of copper and cadmium in a model aquatic system was calculated. Aquatic sediment was associated with copper at the concentration of 10^-5M(0.059g/ℓ) and with cadmium at the concentration of 10^-6M(0.018g/ℓ), and it significantly influenced on the distribution of chemical species of the metals. This result showed that prediction of chemical species of the heavy metals in an aquatic system should be taken into account the influence of the sediment.