In South Korea, the exporters of items related to nuclear power generation are diversified. Consequently, there is a risk of illegitimate export by companies failing to recognize the export control system because the awareness about this system for the strategic items among the subcontractors of nuclear power facilities is limited. To prevent illegitimate export of the strategic items, it is necessary to conduct outreach activities regarding the export control system for the related companies. Additionally, the exporters and export license examiners should consider whether an export target is on the Denial List, who may divert the strategic items to weapons of mass destruction. Therefore, the Korea Institute of Nuclear Nonproliferation and Control developed two systems for controlling illegitimate export of the Trigger List items. The first system, Nuclear Industry Information Collection and Analysis System, can gather information about the key nuclear industries in Korea and analyze the dealing of strategic items. The second system, Denied Persons Information Gathering System, can regularly gather information about the denied persons and provide the updated data to the exporters and regulatory examiners. These two systems can be used for outreach activities and export license examination to prevent illegitimate export of the strategic items.

Recently, as ESG management has become an important issue, major companies in the automotive parts manufacturing industry are conducting ESG evaluations of their suppliers for the purpose of supply chain management. The results of these evaluations are being incorporated into contractual agreements. However, many small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) are lacking in their capacity and resources to effectively respond to ESG evaluations. Furthermore, existing ESG management guidelines do not provide an industry-specific guidance, making it necessary to establish industry-specific guidelines that SMEs can refer to. Therefore, in this study, the evaluation Indicators of ESG supply chain assessments are surveyed, which is conducted by domestic major automotive parts companies and global automobile manufacturers. Then 56 supply chain ESG evaluation Indicators are derived. Also, ESG management indicators for SMEs is analyzed through the Importance-Performance Analysis(IPA), based on an interview of expert groups. Therefore, this study could propose industry-specific ESG guidelines, based on the results of the derived indicators, which reflects the need for SMEs to practice ESG management within certain boundaries.

The construction industry stands out for its higher incidence of accidents in comparison to other sectors. A causal analysis of the accidents is necessary for effective prevention. In this study, we propose a data-driven causal analysis to find significant factors of fatal construction accidents. We collected 14,318 cases of structured and text data of construction accidents from the Construction Safety Management Integrated Information (CSI). For the variables in the collected dataset, we first analyze their patterns and correlations with fatal construction accidents by statistical analysis. In addition, machine learning algorithms are employed to develop a classification model for fatal accidents. The integration of SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) allows for the identification of root causes driving fatal incidents. As a result, the outcome reveals the significant factors and keywords wielding notable influence over fatal accidents within construction contexts.

현재 OTT 서비스는 매년 성장하고 있다. 국내에서도 2016년 넷플릭스(Netflix)의 등장 이후 웨이브, 티빙 등 국산 OTT 서비스들이 생겨나며 산업 생태계가 만들어졌다. 하지만 아직 성장하고 있는 매출에 비해서 대부분 OTT 서비스는 이익률이 높지 않고 적자인 상황이다. 유일하게 흑자인 기업은 넷플릭스뿐이다. OTT 서비스를 통해 미디어콘텐츠산업이 성장은 하고 있지만, 앞으로는 수익을 높여야 하는 상황이다. 이러한 OTT와 미디어콘텐츠산업이 어떻게 성장하고 연결되어 있는지를 OTT 서비스의 현황과 콘텐츠 유통 등을 통해 분석하였다. 그리고 앞으로 미디어콘텐츠산업의 지형이 어떤 변화가 발생하는지 살펴보았다.

Background: The globalization of the healthcare industry and the increasing demand for skilled professionals in the global healthcare industry have opened up opportunities for specialized biotech healthcare professionals to seek overseas employment and career advancement. Objects: This study aimed to develop educational content essential for the overseas employment of digital bio-health professionals. Methods: A survey was conducted among 196 participants. Google Forms (Google) were utilized to create and administer the survey, employing purposive sampling, a non-probability sampling method. Data analysis was performed using IBM SPSS 25.0 (IBM Co.), including Cronbach’s α and independent sample t-tests to assess significant differences. Results: About half of college students are interested in overseas employment and international careers, while the other half had not. The most common reason for wanting to work or go overseas was “foreign experience will be useful for future activities in Korea.” Students who had experience taking courses from the Bio-health Convergence Open Sharing University preferred overseas programs more than those who did not have that experience. In terms of the degree of desire for overseas education courses provided by universities, contents related to human health were the highest, followed by bio-health big data. Conclusion: Many students wanted to work and go overseas if there is sufficient support from the university. The findings in this study suggest that universities are necessary to play an important role in supporting students' aspirations to work or go overseas by providing language education, education and training programs, information on overseas jobs, and mentoring programs.

본 연구는 해양스포츠산업이 전라남도 지역경제를 선도할 수 있는 전략산업으로 육성시켜 지역브랜드를 제고할 수 있는 개발전략을 제시하는데 그 목적이 있다. 연구방법으로 문헌조사는 해양스 포츠 관련 정책자료 및 선행연구를 분석하였고 심층면접에서의 답변은 의미단위로 범주(category)화하여 내용을 분석하였다. 이에 대한 결론으로 전라남도는 천혜의 자연조건을 적절히 활용하여 대표적인 해양 스포츠 시설을 구축하고, 관련 산업집약도가 낮은 전라남도는 경쟁력에서 문제점을 있지만 차별화된 해 양스포츠산업 단지를 조성하여 해양스포츠 장비를 개발하고 그에 따른 해양ㆍ문화ㆍ역사 등의 관광자원 과의 연계 노력이 필요하다.

본 연구는 경로의존성과 정책선도자의 개념으로 최근의 주요 경비업 법 개정 관련 논란 및 사태 등을 살펴, 10.29 참사 이후 경비업법 개 정 관련 논의를 하고자 한다. 이를 위해 각종 논문 및 학술자료와 신문 기사 등 자료를 통한 문헌분석 방법을 통해 살펴본다. 경비업법은 경비 업 제한(지도와 감독, 규제와 처벌 논리)법으로서 기능을 하여 왔으며, 경비업의 권한 남용의 방지에 관한 광범위한 기술적인 규정을 두는 경 로의존성을 지니고 있으며, 경비업법에서 정책선도자인 행정안전부(경 찰청)의 역할과 기능은 매우 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 결국, 경비업법의 경로의존성은 개정 입법 논의의 한계로 작용하고 정책선도자인 행정안 전부(경찰청)의 의지에 달렸다. 최근 10.29 참사로 인해 경비업법의 개 정에 대한 정책의 창이 열렸다. 그간의 경비업법 개정 과정 분석을 통 해 경로의존성과 정책선도자의 특성을 고려해 본다면, 개정의 논의가 순탄치 않음을 탐색해 볼 수 있다.

중남미지역은 전통적으로 석유 및 천연가스뿐 아니라 광물자원이 상당 히 풍부한 지역으로, 세계 각국에의 중요한 자원공급지로서 평가받고 있 다. 최근 스마트폰, 태블릿, 노트북, 전기자동차 배터리 등 폭넓게 사용 되어 수요가 급증하며 중요한 산업분야로 성장한 2차전지의 필수품 리튬 또한 중남미지역에 대거 매장되어 있으며, 리튬의 중요성이 강조되면서 자연스럽게 중남미 또한 리튬의 공급지로서 주목을 받고 있다. 특히 볼 리비아, 아르헨티나, 칠레를 중심으로 한 리튬 트라이앵글지역은 2020년 기준 전 세계 리튬 총매장량의 58%가 매장되어 있으며 이를 기반으로 3 개국은 리튬산업 육성을 위해 박차를 가하고 있다. 그러나 이 3개국은 리튬산업에 대한 국유화를 완료하거나 적극 추진중에 있다. 심지어 OPEC과 같은 리튬 결사체를 형성할 것으로 전망되고 있으며 중남미지 역의 자원민족주의의 재부상에 따른 리튬 공급망 각축전이 벌어지고 있 는 형세다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 논문은 중남미지역 국가들의 자원민족주 의에 기반한 리튬 국유화 움직임에 대한 배경을 고찰하고, 각 국가별 리 튬 산업 국유화 현황을 살펴봄으로써 이러한 리튬 산업 국유화의 의미와 전망을 모색하는 시론적 연구를 진행하였다. 이를 위해 자원민족주의와 국유화를 둘러싼 이론적 논의를 검토한 후, 중남미 리튬 산업의 국유화 현황을 살펴보았으며 이러한 중남미 리튬 산업에 대한 국유화의 배경과 그 평가, 그리고 전망에 대해 검토하였다.

From the standpoint of developing a transformative service to create improvements in collective wellbeing (Anderson & Ostrom, 2015), evidence of a sport–resilience relationship is gradually accumulating in the literature (Kim et al., 2022). Sport management and social science scholars are making considerable efforts to understand how sport entities with transformative services can contribute to consumer resilience—an intervention through a sport consumption experience that affects people’s abilities to cope with adversity (Inoue et al., 2022; MacIntosh et al., 2020). However, little is known about the sport industry and spatial consumer behavior in terms of consumer resilience. Although previous researchers have identified a macro-level association between sport industry and community resilience from a bird's eye view (Kim et al., 2021), it could not determine how and where sport industry at a macro level can be related to individual-level resilience through metaphors of Consumer Desire. Specifically, the spatial patterns of sport consumption (i.e., consumer spatial behavior) can be a result of sport consumer behavior affected by spatial context upon heterogeneous features of sport industry across regions (Kim et al., 2021) in the environment–behavior paradigm (Olsson & Gale, 1968). The macrolevel clustering of the sport industry in a region (environment) can be a community resource to provide individuals with the opportunity for sport consumption (behavior), which promotes the micro-level psychosocial factors for sport consumer resilience (Inoue et al., 2022). Furthermore, recent work illustrates heterogeneous spatial interaction at the regional level of the sport industry and individual-level sport consumption (Kim et al., 2022), suggesting the elaboration of cross-level spatial interaction models (Kim et al., 2021). Accordingly, in this study we aim to not only (a) determine spatially heterogeneous interactions in the association between sport industry and consumer spatial behavior in affecting consumer resilience, but also (b) identify what effect spatial interaction has on cross-level relationships. Using data focused on a multiscale-based nested geographic structure (e.g., individual-level consumption by zip code, county, state, and nation) that could elucidate the sport consumer spatial behavior, We collected multiple types of data from Florida, including the location quotient of the main seven sport industries (e.g., sport facilities) and socioeconomic factors (e.g., social vulnerability) at the county level from secondary sources. In addition, we acquired individual-level data from Qualtrics panels (1,107 Florida residents) to measure sport consumer spatial behavior (e.g., location-based sport consumption experience) and consumer resilience using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale. To address spatial interaction and heterogeneity, we used a comprehensive analytical model for global and local spatial analysis, including a spatial multilevel mediation (SMM) model and multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model. As a result of the SMM model, the county-level cluster of sport facilities affected individual-level participatory sport consumption, which enhanced consumer resilience (cross-level interaction effect). However, considerable spatial non-stationarity appeared in the spatial interaction, indicating interregional interactions in the cross-level effects within a county. The results of MGWR indicated significant spatially heterogeneous patterns in the association between the cluster of sport facilities and participatory sport consumption. That is, it was clarified that the spatial heterogeneous effects of the clustering of sport facilities on sport consumer spatial behavior are associated with consumer resilience. This empirical interdisciplinary work, including sport management, geography, and consumer psychology, advances knowledge of consumer spatial behavior and resilience by demonstrating heterogeneous spatial interactions. Practically, the current study calls for spatial management planning and strategy in sport industry for enhancing consumer resilience through spatial sport consumption, considering spatially varying patterns.

This study explores the effectiveness of marketing data analytics learning and outcomes for marketing students in courses with data analysis components at a U.S. business school. The study considers various moderating factors, such as software adaptability, grades, class type, data interest, statistical analysis method, and perceived time- and cost-effectiveness. The findings have implications for marketing education in data analytics.

Insurance and unit trust (also known as mutual funds) are high-involvement financial products that require investors to hold for long term to gain desired returns. These financial products are also considered unsought products, which require salespeople’s personal touch with their potential customers to make sales. Therefore, the relationship between salespeople and their potential or existing customers becomes crucial in the sales of insurance and unit trust. In theoretical terms, this relationship represents business ties. A strong business ties between the salespeople and the customers enable them to exchange resources and knowledge, and co-create values in their business relationships. Such exchange and co-creation of values are desirable in a business network. Weak ties are irregular and infrequent exchanges, creating structural holes that bring about an opportunity for bridging but have not yet been capitalized.

Even though Mod is a cutting-edge business model that benefits a variety of multi-sided market participants, empirical research on Mod, the value co-creation activity of game users and game developers, is hard to come by. This study intends to look into how the combination of the Mod and the IP from the prior game affects user engagement. An experiment was carried out with Korean university students to examine the hypotheses. User engagement was found to increase with the use of the Mod and the IP from the previous games. On the other side, it was discovered that the impact of mod games on user engagement did not differ significantly from non-mod games when the previous game's IP was absent. The study's findings help establish the framework for afterwards empirical research by showing the effect of mod on user engagement.

The following is not a conversation with a bank clerk. " Instead, let me introduce you to customized credit loans," "Do you want me to connect you to the screen of using COVID-19 support funds and checking balance?" These are the contents of consultations with AI chatbots at financial institutions. Chatbot, which used to be an additional tool for adding convenience to life, is now at the center of our lives.

Technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Robotics are emerging as a new way of improving services, readjusting and impacting all business industries and relationships among people (Loureiro et al., 2021; Makridakis, 2017; Mingotto et al., 2020). The hospitality industry is no exception to this (Mingotto et al., 2020) since a quick growth in the use of robots and AI in this industry has been seen, registering a turnover of 249 million U.S. dollars (International Federation of Robots, 2021). This demonstrates that these technologies have a huge potential to grow, being relevant to deeply study them. Since very few of the existing studies highlight the robot-human interactions, further studies on the enhancement of human well-being through transhumanistic technologies, close relationship marketing capabilities, and the evolution of the engagement process between humans and AI-enabled machines are needed (Loureiro et al., 2021). To address the existing gaps and consider Susan Fournier’s (1998) study on customer-brand relationships, the main goal of this study is to find support for this researcher by associating customer-brand relationship studies with a customer-robot relationship. It also aims to understand individuals’ attitudes towards different types of social robots and the relationship process between social robots and humans, in the hospitality industry, and the influence of identification in the creation of attachment, connection, and commitment. The possible contributions of the customer-robot emotional relationship on customers’ feelings of wellness were also studied.

E-commerce has seen significant growth since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This has led to changes in consumer preferences and increased pressure on companies to develop effective e-commerce and social media capabilities to retain customers. This study examines the impact of these capabilities on customer retention and firm performance by collecting quantitative data from 160 small U.S. e-commerce companies in the fashion industry. The study finds that customer retention positively relates to firm performance and that factors, including cross-device shopping, payment methods, page speed, standard delivery time, Pinterest activity, and Instagram activity, significantly impact customer retention. The study suggests strategies for companies to remain competitive in the dynamic e-commerce landscape.

As the demand for luxury brands faces uprising trends in popularity, marketing strategies strive to fully encompass the shifting tides of the market. Especially, high-end customers, hereby VIPs, are heavily nurtured based on their high-spending nature. With the understanding of VIP sales behavior based on social comparison and the adequate use of VIP marketing programs, luxury brands can optimize their sales of luxury brands. However, scant research examines the simultaneous impact of social comparison and VIP marketing in the luxury industry.

The luxury fashion industry is facing increasing scrutiny due to its negative environmental impact and unsustainable production methods. However, new business models in the form of second-hand commerce and renting are emerging as attractive options for consumers, reshaping the luxury fashion landscape. This paper examines the current state of second-hand luxury fashion and explores the business models adopted by companies in this sector. A review of existing literature reveals key themes pertaining to second-hand luxury, including consumer motivations and attitudes towards recycled luxury fashion, the evolving meanings and consumer identities associated with second-hand luxury, the impact on the traditional luxury fashion industry, the environmental benefits of recycled luxury fashion, and the business models and sustainability strategies of companies operating in this sector.

Voice assistance (VA) has been widely adopted in the tourism and hospitality industry to interact and communicate with tourists and provide useful travel recommendations. Although more companies in tourism have adopted environmental sustainability practices and tourists have increased their sustainability awareness, lack of research has been conducted to investigate the effectiveness of VA in promoting sustainable consumption of tourism products or services. This study proposes that customising environmental sustainability messages for tourists with different cultural orientations and VA use purposes can enhance their engagement with the VA, which can affect their consumption decision. The results from a scenario-based experiment demonstrate that tourists with interdependent/independent cultural orientation have higher engagement with the environmental sustainability messages communicated by the VA when they are with a non-transactional/transactional purpose. Implications for tourism marketing strategies are discussed.

This study examines the performance of a penalized neural network and the replication of a customer engagement survey scale with text information in the hotel industry. Although the empirical analysis shows highly accurate model performance only in the training sample, the results also clarify the issues of the engagement scale.

Brand resonance plays a crucial role in customer relationship management and the development of brand equity between customers and the brand. Therefore, effective methods for promoting customers’ brand resonance are critical in the hospitality industry for gaining competitive advantages and establishing sustainable management strategies. The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationships among brand coolness, customer inspiration, and brand resonance in the hospitality industry, as well as the mediating influence of customer inspiration. A total of 451 customers from 25 well-known brand restaurants in Taiwan returned questionnaires. These restaurants are recommended by TripAdvisor and had elements of coolness indicated in the customer reviews. Among the 451 participants, 260 (57.6%) were female and 191 (42.4%) were male; 344 (76.3%) were unmarried; 279 (61.9%) had received a college-degree certificate or above; and most were 21 to 30 years old (36.6%). The results revealed that brand coolness positively affected customer inspiration and brand resonance and that customer inspiration positively affected brand resonance. Furthermore, customer inspiration mediated the relationship between brand coolness and brand resonance. The study contributes to the hospitality literature of brand resonance. These findings can apply for the practice of brand management and customer relationship management in the hospitality industry.