This study purposes to examine the effects of two types of revision training (teacher feedback-aided and protocol-aided revision training) on L2 student writers’ revision and written product and quality, compared with their self-revision and also to analyze L2 writers’ perceptions on revision training through a pre- and post-training questionnaire survey. The results of the study show positive effects of both types of training; more positive effects of teacher feedback-aided revision training on the quality and product of writing, especially in less proficient writers; more significant effects of protocol-based revision training on revision frequency, content changes, and success ratio of revision, especially in less-proficient writers; and more local (content preserving) revisions triggered by teacher feedback, especially in more proficient writers. Though teacher feedback-aided revision was favored over protocol-aided revision after training, the participants’ perception on the former’s positive effects and utilization rate decreased, but their perception on the latter’s positive effects and utilization rate enhanced. The present study suggests protocol-aided revision as an alternative revision method, and different revision methods depending on the focus of revision and L2 writing proficiency.

This study investigates how wikis can promote EFL student writing by providing a real audience and authentic purposes for writing. The activity described in this paper is writing a narrative story on a wiki. Thirty-eight college students participated in this activity. During the activity the students constructed and negotiated meaning collaboratively. They posted a total of 153 versions and made 530 changes over four weeks. This study identifies the students' idiosyncratic writing and editing patterns that appeared on the wiki in the dimension of level, type, and purpose. The study employs both qualitative and quantitative data analysis for a more robust data analysis and triangulation of the data. The final product of the students' writing on the wiki exhibited that peer editing was effective in enhancing the quality of writing. While students viewed writing as a solitary and private activity in many EFL writing classrooms, the students in this study perceived writing as a social and communicative activity when engaged in the wiki writing activity.

This paper investigated Korean heritage learners" acquisition of Korean as a second language. In particular, written narratives of 16 Korean heritage learners were analyzed in order to identify errors and strategies observed in Korean heritage learners" second language writing. The findings of the study indicated that learners" errors were not significantly related to their proficiency levels in the target language. Likewise, no significant differences were observed in errors due to their proficiency levels. However, some differences were noted in several grammatical categories. In case- or tense-related areas, learners with higher proficiency levels were not much more accurate than those with lower proficiency levels. However, in terms of the use of inflectional markers, learners with higher proficiency levels exhibited higher accuracy than lower level learners. With regard to their use of strategies, literal translation, code-switching, and approximation were most frequently observed in their writings. The paper concludes with some implications for teaching Korean as a foreign language.

This qualitative study explores how a holistic approach to writing across language skills can promote EFL student writing in terms of linguistic, cognitive, metacognitive, and affective factors. As an alternative to current writing methods that narrowly focus on the surface structure of language, this study shows how a technology-incorporated EFL writing project, conducted by Korean college students, integrated various activities across different language skills to support student writing globally and holistically. Beyond the traditional view of writing as a product and the current view of writing as a process, activities presented in this paper also embraced social factors of writing. This paper investigates the following three research questions: 1) how can an integrated curriculum facilitate student writing? 2) How can L1 writing assist L2 writing? 3) How can technology promote student view of writing as a social act? The result of this study indicated that the students’ writings greatly improved in both form and content during this project. The successful outcome of the Dokdo project will provide a new insight on EFL writing to writing teachers.

This study investigates the implementation of a new EFL course, English Practice. This is designed to enhance English reading and writing skills, and increase literary experiences among university students. For this study, literature for young adults and e-mail writing were introduced to change teaching/learning conventions in an EFL setting. The research framework was practitioner research. Data collection consisted of a survey, students’ writing in the classroom, and the instructor’s field notes and journal. Data were analyzed to address the following research question: What happens when university EFL students read and write English for real purposes? Data analysis revealed that: 1) the students viewed literature and e-mail writing as a new experience of language learning, 2) the students showed changes in their learning, and 3) the students’ experiences with the literature went beyond language learning. The author concludes that the unique course program provided students with new ways of developing understanding English as a foreign language and provided opportunities to express individual experiences of the texts they read.

본 연구는 자기 조절적 요약(self-regulatory summarizing) 교육과 연습이 초급 수준의 L2 성인 학습 자들의 동기신념(motivation beliefs) 및 쓰기 수행 (writing performance)에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 연구하였다. 자기 조절 학습 (self-regulation learning), 학습 동기(motivation), 및 쓰기 수행의 상호 연관성에 관한 이론적 배경을 바탕으로 본 연구의 의미를 살펴보았다. 먼저, 학습자들의 동기신념의 변화를 살펴보기 위해 사전과 사후 MSLQ 설문지의 응답 결과를 분석한 결과, 참가한 학습자들의 동기신념이 전체적으로 보다 긍정적으로 변화하였음을 보여주고 있었다. 특히 내적성취목표성향 (intrinsic goal orientation)과 과업가치(Task value)에 대한 신념이 가장 의미 있게 변화하였고, 뒤를 이어, 학습조절신념(control of learning belief)과 학습과 수행에 대한 자기 효능감(self-efficacy for learning and performance)이 보다 긍정적으로 변화하였으며, 외적성취목표성향(extrinsic goal orientation)이 가장 작은 변화를 보인 한편, 시험불안(test anxiety)의 정도가 의미 있게 감소하였음을 보여주었다. 또한, 자기 조절적 요약 연습 이후 쓰기 수행에 있어서는, 문장, T-unit, 및 절의 평균 길이가 가장 의미 있게 변화하였음을 보여주고 있으며 이러한 문장들은 보다 많은 중문 및 복문을 포함하고 있음을 나타내었다. 이러한 결과들은 초급 수준의 L2 학습자들이 교수자의 안내, 도움 및 피드백과 함께 자기조절학습을 촉진하는 네 가지 단계인 목표설정(goal setting), 자기 모니터링 (self-monitoring), 일반화(generalization), 그리고 자기강화(self-reinforcement)를 인지하고 기억함과 동시에 체계적이고 명시적인 요약 연습을 함으로써 얻어진 결과로 보여 진다. 이는 자기조절학습 (self-regulated learning)은 학습 동기요소를 독려하여 긍정적 자기 효능감 및 내적 목표성향을 높여 주게 되어 결국 학습자의 인지적 활동 및 수행에 긍정적으로 작용하게 됨을 증명하는 결과로 보여 진다.

본 연구는 요약 교육(Summarizing instruction) 및 연습(Practices)이 초급 수준의 L2 성인 학습자들의 읽기 이해와 쓰기에서의 어휘 사용에 어떠한 영향을 주는지를 연구하였다. 이를 위해 L2 학습에서 요약하기의 중요성 및 쓰기에서의 어휘 사용에 관한 이론을 바탕으로 본 연구의 의미를 살펴보았다. 연구 결과 연구에 참가한 학습자들은 요약 교육과 연습 이후 읽기이해 점수에서 의미 있는 향상을 보여주었고, 어휘쓰기에 있어서도 전체적으로 같은 단어의 반복이나 기초적인 단어(the 1st 1000) 보다는 다양하고 수준 높은, 즉, the 2nd 1000 list, 아카데믹한 단어(AWL), 및 그 이상 수준의 단어(NLW) 사용을 보여주고 있었다. 이러한 요약 교육 및 연습이 읽기 이해에 주는 긍정적 효과는 주제가 다른 읽기자료(reading source texts with different topics)를 바탕으로 한 상향식(bottom-up) 읽기 및 쓰기 유발(writing output-promoting)의 통합적인 요약단계에 있다고 보여 진다. 즉, 주어진 읽기자료를 요약하기 위해서 학습자들은 주요 단어, 구, 혹은 문장 수준의 이해를 하고, 이를 다시 본래의 텍스트보다 짧게 요약하기 위해 문장통합(sentence combination), 바꾸어 쓰기(paraphrasing), 통사적 변형(syntactic transformation), 그리고 만들어 내기(invention) 등의 요약 과정들(summarizing processes)에서 사전 사용 및 교사의 모델링과 피드백을 통하여 다양한 단어표현에 노출되고 경험하여 어휘 지식을 늘릴 수 있었고, 이후 쓰기에서의 어휘 사용에 도움을 준 것으로 보여 진다.