Although many studies have focused on the biological and toxicological effects of phenol products, in particular, in reproductive tracts, the data about their effects in this estrogenic responsive tissue are much less clear. In addition, the in vitro and in vivo data concerning ED-adverse impacts in other endocrine organs, i.e. pituitary gland, are not understood well either. Thus, a further study is needed for providing a new insight into possible impacts of estrogenic EDs including phenol products in humans and wildlife. A combination of in vitro and in vivo system for examining EDs may bring better understanding into the regulatory mechanisms underlying EDs-induced events. In addition, this information may support for developing optimal screening methods of estrogenic EDs, in particular, phenol products.

This paper presents three methods for expression of reliability measures for large and small data. First method is to express parametric estimation of cardinal reliability measure data for large sample, which requires numerous sample. Second is to obtain nonparametric distribution classification of ordinal reliability measure data for small sample. However it is difficult for field user to understand this method. Last method is to acquire parametric estimation of ordinal reliability measure data for small data. Because this method requires small sample and is comprehensive, we recommend this one among the proposed methods. Various reliability rank measures are presented.

This paper proposes service layout strategy considering service characteristics by the use of benchmarking production system such as layout by P-Q chart, improvement tool, automated system, Toyota production system and lean production system. This paper represents operation methodology of statistical process control using control chart for service performance outcomes.

Through different projects, CETIM and its scientific and industrial partners have evaluated the potential of the High Velocityy Compaction Technology in terms of materials and component shape. Various kinds of powder materials were studied: metals, ceramics and polymers. The HVC process was used with success to manufacture gears, large parts and multilevel components. Due to the high density of HVC parts, the green machining process enables shapes to be produced that would otherwise be impossible to compact and components to be produced with very hard sintered and homogeneous materials.

ASTRO-F is the first Japanese dedicated infrared astronomical satellite which will be launched in 2005FY and is now in the final stage of the development. ASTRO-F is a 70 cm aperture cryogenically cooled telescope and designed for the infrared survey with much higher sensitivity and angular resolution than IRAS. We present the current status of the mission, focal plane instruments, and the observation plan now being discussed.

This paper reviews updated criteria for a project management body of knowledge(PMBOK) : 2004. The updated PMBOK model is generally recognized as good practice. Specific criteria are suggested for a project management body of knowledge.

This paper presents 40 inventive principles with applications in total quality management. We also propose how to integrate TRIZ tools into global problem-solving steps.

본 연구는 Fourier, Shannon, Gabor, Wavelet Filters 간의 상호비교를 통해 Wavelet Analysis의 장점을 도출하고 학제간 모든 과학기술에 적용될 수 있는 분야를 유형화하고 기존 연구를 고찰한다.

안전성 평가는 재해 사고의 사전예방을 위한 평가 행위로 정량적 평가는 정성적 평가와 더불어 중요한 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 안전정보시스템(SIS)의 기초 DB요소 뿐 아니라 객관적인 분석을 위한 계량적 기법을 통계적 접근방법, 동적접근방법, 퍼지접근방법 등으로 분류하여 고찰한다.

산업활동의 부산물인 chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs)와 같은 물질들의 대기권 유입으로 오존층의 파괴가 극심해짐에 따라 자외선의 지표유입량이 증가되는 추세를 보이는데, 특히 중파자외선의 증가는 DNA, 단백질, 지질 등에 의한 흡수를 통하여 생물학적 폐해를 야기할 수 있다는 점에서 주목된다. 최근 측정 결과 우리나라 동해안에서 해수표면에 도달되는 중파자외선 광량의 1%가 수심 l0 m까지 침투하는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 해양생태계 생산성의

Nanocrystalline materials, with a grain size of typically <100 nm, are a new class of materials with properties vastly different from and often superior to those of the conventional coarse-grained materials. These materials can be synthesized by a number of different techniques and the grain size, morphology, and composition can be controlled by controlling the process parameters. In comparison to the coarse-grained materials, nanocrystalline materials show higher strength and hardness, enhanced diffusivity, improved ductility/toughness, reduced, density, reduced elastic modulus, higher electrical resistivity, increased specific heat, higher coefficient of thermal expansion, lower thermal conductivity, and superior soft and hard magnetic properties. Limited quantities of these materials are presently produced and marketed in the US, Canada, and elsewhere. Applications for these materials are being actively explored. The present article discusses the synthesis, structure, thermal stability, properties, and potential application of nanocrystalline materials.

(i) The development of a metallurgical bond during the spray forming of clad products has offered the possibility of manufacturing large rolls, including those used in hot and cold strip mills. Small rolls are already being produced in Japan. (ii) Technical developments, including the use-of-multi-atomizers have resulted in the elimination of porosity from the internal bore of a sprayed tube. Bimetallic tubing can also be manufactured and the installation of a 4.5 ton tube plant in the USA should provide low operation costs. (iii) Spray forming offers a potentially low cost manufacturing route for superalloy ring/casing components in high strength superalloys. (iv) A large pilot plant has been built for the spray forming of ultra-clean superalloys for turbine disc applications. (v) Using twin-atomizing technology, special steel billets have been spray formed up to 400mm diameter with deposition yields in excess of 90%. (vi) Al/Si alloy extrusion billets with excellent dimensional tolerances are being manufactured for large scale automotive applications. Several new aluminum alloys have also been developed, including high strength, low density and low cocfficient of expansion materials. (vii) New copper alloys have been developed and pilot plants are in operation to produce these alloys once markets have become established.