The objectives of this study were to develop an evaluation method of regional vulnerability to agricultural drought and to classify the vulnerability patterns. In order to test the method, 24 city or county areas of Gyeonggi-do were chose. First, statistic data and digital maps referred for agricultural drought were defined, and the input data of 31 items were set up from 5 categories: land use factor, water resource factor, climate factor, topographic and soil factor, and agricultural production foundation factor. Second, for simplification of the factors, principal component analysis was carried out, and eventually 4 principal components which explain about 80.8% of total variance were extracted. Each of the principal components was explained into the vulnerability components of scale factor, geographical factor, weather factor and agricultural production foundation factor. Next, DVIP (Drought Vulnerability Index for Paddy), was calculated using factor scores from principal components. Last, by means of statistical cluster analysis on the DVIP, the study area was classified as 5 patterns from A to E. The cluster A corresponds to the area where the agricultural industry is insignificant and the agricultural foundation is little equipped, and the cluster B includes typical agricultural areas where the cultivation areas are large but irrigation facilities are still insufficient. As for the cluster C, the corresponding areas are vulnerable to the climate change, and the D cluster applies to the area with extensive forests and high elevation farmlands. The last cluster I indicates the areas where the farmlands are small but most of them are irrigated as much.

Osancheon creek is located in the southwest of the middle area in Korea. Weed community around the Osancheon creek, where various disturbances exert a bad influence directly on its community by human work or nature, was surveyed phytosocialogically. Our surveys have been accomplished from June, 2003 to September, 2003. Weed communities formed around the Osancheon creek were divided into several patterns and analysed. They have been divided into 8 communities. Community A: Humulus japonica community, B: Phragmites communiscommunity, C: Persicaria thunbergii community, D: Zizania latifolia community, E: Miscanthus saccharilflorus community, F: Echinochica crusgalli community, G: Typha orientalis community, H: Sataria viridis community. The flora surveyed in these communities was constituted of 19 families, 36 genera, 4 varieties, and 40 species. Wild plants such as Artemisia princeps var. orientalis, Erigeron annuus, Bidens frondosa, Aeschynomene indica and Oenothera odorata were mostly light loving plants and higher resistant plants against the disturbance. Our result from the ranking all surveyed areas by the Bray-Curtis ordination method was very similar to the results from phytosocialogical table work.

본 연구는 경기도 안성지역에 소재하는 노거수의 합리적인 보전 및 관리방안을 제시하기 위해 수행하였다. 안성지역에 분포하는 노거수는 총 6종으로 조사되었다. 주요 수종은 느티나무, 은행나무, 음나무, 참배나무, 취앙네, 소나무 등의 순으로 전형적 온대기후대에서 수명이 상대적으로 긴 수종들임을 알 수 있었다. 그 가운데 느티나무는 전체 수종 가운데 73.5%를 차지하여 가장 많이 분포하였다. 본 조사에서 나타난 노거수들의 흉고직경은 전체의 76.4%가 1.5 m 이상으로 나타났으며 수고는 10-14 m 범위가 47.1%를 차지하였다. 노거수의 추정연령 은 200∼299년 범위가 38.2%로 가장 높은 분포를 나타냈으며 500년 이상도 20.6%나 조사되었다. 또한 안성시 노거수의 64.7%는 민속신앙 또는 전설, 고사 등의 전승 유래를 지니고 있어 매우 중요한 생물 문화재적 가치를 지니고 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 안성 지역의 대부분 노거수에는 조류 및 착생식물 등의 생물이 함께 서식하고 있음이 조사되었다. 노거수에 대한 관리실태는 전체에서 98.3%가 병충해 및 가지절단 등과 같은 심각한 훼손상태로 방치되어 있는 것으로 나타났으며 전체 조사 노거수의 47.1%는 근원부 주변이 콘크리트 및 아스콘 등으로 포장되어 투수 및 통기조건이 매우 불량한 것으로 조사되었다. 또한 완전히 없어져 버린 노거수도 1종이 조사되었다.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of land-use and population change in rural area by new expressway. Chungbu expressway constructed in 1987, going through the south area of Kyunggi province from Seoul, was selected as a case expressway, and also 2 cities and 18 subdivisions of county in its surrounding area, as a case study area. To analyze the change characteristics before and after the construction, land-use maps of 1986 and 1996 were collected, including the census data for the years in cities and counties yearbooks. Remote sensing technology was applied to classify the land-use maps with six types of land use. Geographic information system was also used for spatial analysis, such as the land-use and accessibility changes. A 5 km buffer zone from interchange of the expressway showed about two times increase of urbanized built-up area than a 5 km buffer zone from the expressway. Accessibility from Seoul and cities was improved in most areas, which is accessing to Seoul through existing Youngdong expressway. Ten rural areas showed increased population with accessibility of average 52 minutes to Seoul and 19 minutes to cities, while eight areas showed decreased population with average 73 minutes to Seoul and 35 minutes to cities. This shows that the threshold value, which is time distance to Seoul and cities for population increase or decrease, one and half hours, respectively. Urbanized area was increased in most areas, even in population decrease areas, so this indicates that there are thinning rural areas, increasing urbanized area while decreasing population.

The Korea urbanization has been accelerated without regard to regional traits and the environment. Most of rural areas have been overurbanized with proper and long term plan. Especially the case of Yongin-community which is located 50km south of Seoul reveals a typical wrong urbanization policy. Evidence of such wrong policy is proved by this study for last three decades(1970-2000) in political economic approach with special reference to the Manuel Castells' theory. The study concludes that urbanization with no proper development plan is mostly vulnerable and wasteful. And the environment is once spoiled, it is almost impossible to recover, so it is necessary for us long term and proper plan before development.

A preliminary study on the chemical compositions of forty seven precipitations from March 1994 to May 1995 in Yeoncheon-gun, which is adjacent to the southern boundary of demilitarized zone (DMZ) in the northernmost tip of Kyunggi province has been performed. The metal cation and anion concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer and ion chromatography, respectively. pH/Ion meter and direct nesslerization method were used for the concentration measurements of H- ion and NH_4+ ions, respectively. Based on the data, the quantitative orders of the cation and anion average concentrations were Ca2+ > NH_4+ > Na+ > K+ > Mg2+ > H+ and SO_42- > Cl- > NO_3-, respectively. The ratio of average total anion concentration to average total cation concentration was 0.97. The average pH value of the precipitations was 5.60. These results, correlation coefficients between the ion concentrations, and monthly variations of pH value and precipitation amount are used for chemical analysis on the environmental pollution and pollutant sources in Yeoncheon-gun of Kyunggi province near DMZ.

For the improvement of the cultural rural village(new rural village project), it is very important to find the various planning alternatives. The purpose of this study is to suggest the ideas which are able to be applied to the rural site planning. The YoungMoon project site located in Kyunggi province was selected case study, The followings are suggestions developed in the process of preparing an alternative plan for the case study. 1) The preparing of the rural site plan is the organizing process of the planning ideas responsive to the condition of both a project site and the project directions. 2) In developing the schematic plan, it is very useful to introduce the cluster madang (small public open space) including 25 houses as a basic planning unit. 3) In comparison with the project plan, the alternative plan presented by this study has advantages of amenity and public space of the residential environment of the new rural village. It is properly said that we have to more and more discuss the best solution to take in planning the rural site, and this efforts contribute the improvement of the quality of the new village project.

A comparative study on the chemical compositions of precipitations from February 1993 to April 1993 in Sungnam city of Kyunggi province, Inchon city, Kangneung city of Kangwon province, and Chongwon-gun of Chungbuk province has been performed. The metal cation and anion concentrations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer and ion liquid chromatography, respectively. pH/Ion meter and direct nesslerization method were used for the concentration measurements of H^+ and NH_4^+ ions, respectively. The quantitative orders of the cation and anion average concentrations, correlation coefficients between the ion concentrations, and pH values are used for chemical analysis on the environmental pollution and pollutant sources in the urban, surburban, seaside, and rural areas of the Korean Peninsula.