본 연구는 3년(2005. 12. 1-2008. 11. 30) 동안 부산의 PM2.5 대기오염자동관측소(장림동: 공업지역, 좌동: 주거지역) 측정자료 중 고농도 PM2.5(24시간 환경기준 50μg/m3)에 대한 PM2.5 및 PM2.5/PM10 농도비의 일변화 특성과 함께 시 공간적 풍계(풍향 및 풍속)에 따른 특성을 분석하고자 하였다. 고농도 PM2.5는 장림동과 좌동 각각 182일 및 27일이었다. 장림동에서 고농도 PM2.5의 시간평균농도 및 PM2.5/PM10 농도비의 일변화는 모든 계절에서 오후에 비해 새벽과 오전 및 야간에 높은 비슷한 패턴을 나타내었다. 좌동의 여름 주간에 PM2.5/PM10 농도비가 증가하는 것은 해양조건에서 광화학반응에 의해 생성되는 이차 입자상물질 중 PM10의 거대입자 농도가 미세입자인 PM2.5 농도보다 더 감소하기 때문이다. 시간대별로 시 공간적 풍계(풍향 및 풍속등급) 특성을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 고농도 PM2.5는 장림동에서 공업단지의 산업활동에 의한 오염물질 정체와 주변지역의 오염물질 이동에 의해 발생되었다. 좌동에서는 주로 주거와 상업활동으로 인한 지역적 오염물질 정체로 발생하는 것으로 나타났다.

본 연구에서는 낙동강 하구 삼각주 지형의 형성 및 발달에 관한 기초적 현장조사 연구로서 사주 퇴적의 원인물질인 해안 표층표사의 퇴적속도를 정량적으로 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 연안사주 중 진우도 및 도요등 전면해역의 사주퇴적현상이 급격하게 발생하는 해안선 지역에 표층 표사의 거동 분석을 위한 현장관측실험구를 설치하고 약 1년간 약 1개월 간격으로 지반고를 측정하여 그 결과를 분석하였다. 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. (1) 관측기간동안의 일별 침식 퇴적속도 계산 결과, 진우도(St. 1)에서의 침식 퇴적속도는 -1.39~3.56cm/day이며, 도요등(St. 2)의 경우에는 -4.0~3.07cm/day이었다. (2) 관측기간동안 2회의 태풍 내습에도 침식 및 퇴적량이 그리 크게 나타나지 않는 반면에 태풍내습후 10월경에 최대 표사이동량이 나타났다.

This study investigates the characteristics of diurnal, seasonal, and weekly roadside and residential concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 in Busan, as well as relationship with meteorological phenomenon. Annual mean PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Busan were 44.2 ㎍/m3 and 25.3 ㎍/m3, respectively. The PM2.5/PM10 concentration ratio was 0.58. Diurnal variations of PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations in Busan were categorized into three types, depending on the number of peaks and times at which the peaks occurred. Roadside PM10 concentration was highest on Saturday and lowest on Friday. Residential PM10 concentration was highest on Monday and lowest on Friday. Residential PM2.5 concentration was highest on Monday and Tuesday and lowest on Friday. PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were highest on Asian dust and haze, respectively. The results indicate that understanding the spaciotemporal variation of fine particles could provide insights into establishing a strategy to control urban air quality.

We investigated the spatial and temporal variation in characteristics and pollution assessment of sediments in the watersheds of Andong-Dam and Imha-Dam, in Korea. Surface sediments were collected from six sites once a year for three years (2015-2017), and analyzed for organic matter (water content, IL, COD, TOC, TN, and TP), grain size, and concentration of trace metals (Al, Li, Zn, Cr, Pb, Cu, Ni, and As). Organic matter generally tended to increase, and was higher in the Andong watershed compare to Imha watershed. Surface sediments were mainly composed of silt. Coarse sediments were mainly distributed at the site adjacent to Andong-Dam, and showed fining after coarsening. Fine sediment were mainly distributed at the site adjacent to Imha-Dam, and were gradually coarsening. Concentration of trace metals generally tended to increase, and was higher for sites in watershed of Andong watershed (PLI > 1) than for sites in Imha watershed (PLI < 1). Trace metals in the study area were considered to be affected by fine sediment (silt), and contamination of trace metals was somewhat affected by Pb, and greatly affected by Zn and As.

The chemical characteristics of precipitation was investigated in Pusan area. Samples were collected from January to November in 1996 at 4 sites, and analyzed pH, mayor soluble ionic components(Cl^-, NO_3^-, SO_4^2-, Na^+, K^+, NH_4^+, Mg^2+, Ca^2+). The order of anion and cation concentrations for the initial precipitation were Cl^- > SO_4^2- > NO_3^- , and Ca^2+ > Na^+ > NH_4^+ > Mg^2+ > K^+, respectively. At coastal sites(P1 and P2) Cl^- and Na^+ of maritime sources (seasalt) were high, but at inland sites(P3 and P4) nss-Ca^2+ and nss-SO_4^2- were high. Calcium ion for the initial precipitation showed high value of enrichement factor(EF) relative to seawater composition. The contribution of seasalt to the composition of precipitation was higher at site P1 (53.5%) than those of the other sites. Throughout the year the concentrations of major ions for the initial precipitation were low in the heavy rain season. The mean pH for the initial precipitation was 5.4 and showed the negative relationship with the precipitaion amount. The SO_4^2- and NO_3^- do not play an important role in rain acidification due to the high(97%) neutralizing effect of amonia and calcium species.