The composition of the upper structure, which can be found in the 3-Dori type buildings in Yang-dong Village, varies significantly from time to time. The upper structure of the Gwan-ga-jeong, known as a house in the mid-Joseon Dynasty, consists of a basic 3-Dori type structure in which a beam is placed under 3-Dori and supported with two flat columns. On the other hand, the upper structure of I-hyang-jeong historic house, built in the 17th century, is different in that it has a stud between the two flat columns. The upper structure of Sa-ho-dang historic house, a 19th-century building is different from the upper structure of the buildings of the previous period in that three flat columns were used. As such, the difference in the composition method of the upper structure according to the construction period is closely related to the introduction of the Toi-maru, which is mainly explained by the boundary space. In addition, it can be expected that the introduction of the Toi-maru originated from the influence of the change in the plan. This study was conducted to examine the correlation between the plan and the composition of the boundary space through various typology of the 3-Dori upper structure distributed intensively in Yang-dong Village.

Most of the changes found on the toi-maru of the Sang-chun-heon Historic House indicate that the upper structure of the toi-maru of the late Joseon Dynasty houses where toi-bo was installed was not completed in an instant. Toi-maru with stud is especially typical in 3-Dori type Structure, and can be found in many historic houses in Yang-dong Village, where the many 3-Dori type Structure is located. This type can be interpreted as the intermediate type that began at the eaves was settled as a toi-maru with a separate toi-bo. It seems that the toi-maru in front of the on-dol room at the time of the construction of the Sang-chun-heon historic house would not have been the same as it is now. The members dividing the on-dol room, the walls, and the various incomplete appearances seen in the window composition can be construed as traces of the change. The fact that all three types of houses that occurred during the spread of toi-maru after the mid-Joseon Dynasty can be examined can be added to the existing evaluation of cultural property houses in Yang-dong Village.

The object of this study is upper class house in Yang-dong village with the purpose of spatial-sociological study of traditional Korean architecture. Space is the basic element of architecture and is fundamental for understanding architecture. Space, however, can be better understood through its social context rather than through its physical or psychological attributes. Space exists in a society, providing the physical environment which frames it Social environment affects the thoght of people who are members of that society. Space is built by the people in a society and is affected by their thought. Spatial-sociological study can explain a mutual relation between people and space through context. It defines characteristics of space based on mutual relations which exist among the people, the culture of society and the environment of society but also having a sociological component, study of architectural space should consider the social context. Since architectural space is built on social and cultural bases, to understand it requires various methods of study Spatial-sociological analysis is one alternative. Using space syntax, this study analyzes houses in Yang-dong village by not only defining attributes of individual houses, but also common attributes of houses in the village. Based on common attributes of houses in the village, the attributes of Yang-dong village houses can be re-defined within the social context. the results from a spatial-sociological analysis of upper class housing of the Yang-dong village are as follows; (1) Related to confucian ideas in Chosun Dynasty : A house has a dualistic center organized with 'an-chae' and 'sarang-chae'. 'an-chae' space is organized unsociably from outside. (2) Related to various space pattern of Yang-dong village House in the Chosun Dynasty period :As variations in the types of space pattern, the village house exhibit different attributes.

경주 양동마을은 안동 하회마을과 함께 2010년 한국의 역사마을로 세계문화유산으로 등재되었다. 양동마을을 이루고 있는 가옥의 대부분은 불에 취약한 목재 및 초가가옥으로 구성되어있다. 특히 산림과 인접해 있어 산불로부터 화재위험성에 노출되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 산불재해로 인한 양동마을 가옥들의 화재 위험성에 대해 Heat Flux 영향 평가를 실시하였다. 또한 각 가옥의 재질을 이루고 있는 물질의 착화위험성 평가를 함께 실시하였다. GIS 래지스터 분석을 통하여 양동마을의 가옥위치정보와 가옥의 재질에 대한 정보처리 실시와 산불로부터 발생되는 Heat Flux 수치해석을 통해 산림으로부터 인접한 가옥별 산불로부터 화재발생 위험 가옥들에 대한 위험지도를 구축하였다. 그 결과, 양동마을 가옥 중 산불로부터 직접적인 화재위험성에 노출된 가옥이 약 10%에 이르렀고 가옥간의 2차 화재 전파로 피해가 예측되는 가옥이 전체 가옥의 5%에 해당되었다. 이에 산불로부터 화재에 취약한 가옥들에 대해 주변 산림연료 제거 및 이격 공간 확보, 수막시설 설치 등의 산불예방 및 진화를 위한 방법이 강구되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

This study analyzed push, pull motivation factors and satisfaction of visitors who visited Yangdong village in order to maintain, conserve and seek for effective utilization of this village. The result of this study was summarized as follows. Firstly, the result was that 'personal relations' has a positive impact on 'regional environment' and 'amenities', 'the pursuit of knowledge' has a positive impact on 'regional environment' and 'amenities' on the correlation between the visit motivation and the visit satisfaction. Secondly, 'the pursuit of knowledge' and 'the desire to new experience' have positive impact on the visit satisfaction on a part of the push factor generally. Physical environment was a only factor that has a positive impact on the visit satisfaction on a part of the pull factors. Thirdly, the intention of recommendation was a only factor to has a positive impact on the visit satisfaction on the correlation between the intention of return visit, recommendation and the visit satisfaction. It was proved that the intention of return visit was strongly associated with the intention of recommendation. This result of this study confirmed the important pull and push factor to enhance the tourist attraction of Yangdong village. It will be helpful to make the preliminary data for planning and conservation guidance of traditional village.

The purpose of this research explain the meaning of the environmental design principles and cultural landscape pattern(dualistic space organization) of the Hahoe(河回:winding river village)·the Yangdong(良洞) traditional village. Village’s space organizations based on Shamanism, Yin-yang and Five elements principle, Feng-shui idea, social system and Confucian ideas. And it were accomplish the cultural landscape pattern(village:form+object= pattern) through the frame of settlement space. As a central persons of villages(the Hahoe·the Yangdong) construction, Suhae(西厓) experienced through Chunghyodang­Wonjichongsa­Ogyonchongsa­Pyongsansowon channel(忠孝堂­遠志精舍­玉淵精舍­屛山書院) and Kyomam(謙庵) experienced through Yangjindang­Binyeonchongsa­Kyomamchongsa­Hwachonsodang(養眞堂­賓淵精舍­謙庵精舍­花川書堂) channel. Also Woojae(愚齋) experienced through Suhbackdang­Khankachung­Dongkangsowon(書百堂­觀稼亭­東江書院) and Hoejae(晦齋) experienced through Moochumdang­Hyangdan­Oaksansowon(無添堂­香壇­玉山書院). It is space organization of themselves interact contrast and sequence principles with competition in good faith. And ecological art-space, that is, environmental space organizations of traditional village has been reflected harmony between nature and artificiality, spatial rhythm and sequence, spatial hierarchy between upper classes and humble class, permeability space, asymmetrical balance, aesthetic space perception. The humble classes hold a ceremony Hahoe's Pyolsingut-Talnori(maskdance drama), Dangjae(堂祭:religious service) at the Dang(堂:shamanism spot) and Yangdong's Sohraesulnori, Hohminori. And the upper class hold a ceremony Hahoe's Julbulnori and Yangdong's Chungjanori connected with culture of confucianism. Specially, the cultural structure of the village is evidence of a contrast between the upper class and the humble classes, time, method and location of ceremony(performance).