‘的’ is the most frequently used word. This paper is a study of the Tense-Aspect [时体] mark ‘的’. And it can be defined as follows. First, The Tense-Aspect [时体] mark ‘的’ is tenses and Aspect is present both in the transition period like English. Tense-Aspect [时体] mark ‘的’ has both the past tense and the certain aspect. Second, The ‘的’ is positioned between the center verb of the predicate and the object, and role to emphasize, and shows the certain aspect more clearly. Third, I contend that The ‘的’ in the structure ‘是 + VP + 的 + NP’ is also Tense-Aspect [时体] mark ‘的’. In that structure, ‘是’ is the adverb and it is not the center verb of the predicate. ‘的’ is Tense-Aspect [时体] mark.

본 연구에서는 담화표지어의 사용과 관련하여 아시아권 비원어민 영어화자와 미국인 화자 사이의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 아시아권 비원어민 영어화자의 대화를 담은 음성코퍼스에 사용된 담화표지어 well의 위치와 기능을 살펴보고 그 결과를 원어민 영어 화자를 대상으로 한 선행연구와 비교하여 사용 양상의 차이를 조사하였다. 조사된 결과를 살펴보면 아시아권 화자에게서 나타나는 특징은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 아시아권 화자는 담화표지어 well을 yeah, mhm, oh, OK 뒤에서 고빈도로 사용하였고, 담화표지어 well의 앞과 뒤에 상대적으로 잦은 쉼(pause)을 사용하였다. 둘째, 담화표지어 well의 구조적 기능을 고빈도로 사용하였지만, 상호작용적 기능은 다양하게 사용하지 못하였다. 아시아권 화자에게서 나타나는 담화표지어 well의 독특한 위치와 제한적인 상호작용적 기능 사용이 아시아권 화자 간에는 자연스럽게 수용되며 대화의 끊김이나 장애 요소가 되지 않았지만, 잦은 말차례 지연(delay), 잦은 쉼(pause)의 경우 원어민과의 소통에서는 부정적으로 작용할 수 있음을 함의하였다.

The purpose of this paper is to give a pragmatic and sociocultural description of the discourse particle (DP) ani ``no`` in Korean. From a sociocultural perspective, a variety of discourse functions of ani are analyzed as a product of high-context communication strategies, which put interactional relationships before information delivery. For the pragmatic analysis, following Lee(1996, 2011), I assume that the DP ani has one basic sense that the speaker has a different view, and demonstrate that all the pragmatic uses of the DP can be inferred from the basic sense in accordance with the Gricean Cooperative Principle; different from the previous studies, ani is analyzed not as representing the speaker`s negative attitude, but as a difference-representing DP.

The purpose of this paper is to give a pragmatic and sociocultural description of the discourse particle (DP) yey 'yes' in Korean. From a sociocultural perspective, a variety of discourse functions of yey are analyzed as a product of high-context communication strategies, which put interactional relationships before information delivery. For a pragmatic analysis, following Lee(1996, 1997, 1999, 2008), I assume that the DP yey has one basic sense of the speaker's positive attitude, and demonstrate that all the pragmatic uses of the DP can be inferred from the basic sense in accordance with the Gricean Cooperative Principle; all the pragmatic uses are broadly categorized into 2 groups, informative functions and politeness function.