본 연구는 영어 수업 외 교실을 벗어나서 영어를 학습해야 하는 학습 자들의 부담감을 해소시키기 위해 영어 수업 시간에 활용할 수 있는 교 재 맞춤형 학습 앱의 활용을 제안하고자 하였고 교재 맞춤형 학습 앱의 사용에 대한 학습자의 태도와 인식을 함께 분석하고자 하였다. 이를 위 해 교재의 각 챕터별 주제에 맞게 제작된 학습 앱이 다각적인 측면에서 사용되었다. 앱을 활용하여 어휘 학습, 듣기, 말하기, 읽기, 챗봇과의 대 화나 토론과 같은 학습 활동이 이행되었다. 연구 평가를 위해 자가 평가 일지와 설문 조사를 분석하였다. 연구 결과 교재 맞춤형 학습 앱에 대한 학습자들의 만족도는 높은 것으로 나타났다(80.5%). 교재 맞춤형 앱 활 용에 대한 만족도가 높은 이유는 개인의 다양한 학습 욕구가 충족되었다 는 점, 앱 콘텐츠가 다양한 점, 이로 인해 학습에 대한 재미와 관심이 유 발된 점, 또한 교재와의 연계성이 높은 점으로 나타났다. EFL 교실에서 효율적으로 사용될 수 있도록 교재에 맞게 제작된 학습 앱은 학문 분야 별로 활발하게 개발될 필요가 있다. 교수자들은 교수요목에 맞게 학습자 의 흥미와 자기 주도적 참여를 유발시키기 위해 학습 앱과 같은 테크놀 로지를 적극적으로 활용해야 할 것이다.

This paper explores a college EFL course designed to practice reading for pleasure during the pandemic. Sixty EFL college learners in a required English course read Mark Haddon’s (2004) [The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-time] within the structure of a regular reading and writing focused academic English course. Reading for pleasure is often considered unfit for inclusion in regular curriculum. Nevertheless, for digital natives, the act of pleasurable reading especially in L2, should be actively implemented into classroom activities. This study follows a case study which practices reading for pleasure by utilizing weekly quizzes, discussion questions and response paper. Students’ feedback was collected and analyzed in order to share students’ experiences in completing the tasks. The feedback shows how weekly quizzes and class discussions have encouraged them to continue reading the text, influenced their attitude on reading English books and how they were able to empathize with the characters. This paper invokes the need to include reading young adult literature into general English courses for college learners to make them lifelong readers of L2.

The use of humor has been a controversial research topic in language classrooms. Humor is pervasive; however, the functions of humor in primary English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms is under-investigated. To analyze the distinct features of humor, this study explores the specific functions of humor in primary English teaching classrooms in South Korea. The data set included thirty 40-minute English lessons videotaped in 2019 and semi-structured interviews with three teachers. Data were analyzed by identifying humor sequences, transcribing these classroom sessions and interviews, coding recurrent themes, and sorting representative excerpts. As a result, psychological, social, and behavioral functions of humor were conceptualized. The findings showed that humor (i) mitigated learners’ anxiety and aroused interest in language learning, (ii) reinforced constructive teacher-learner relationships and enabled camaraderie between learners, and (iii) regulated student behavior or rationalized learners’ listening incomprehension. Pedagogical implications are also discussed regarding ways to use and respond to humor in language classrooms.

This paper explores initiators of humor and the differing characteristics of humor these initiators use in elementary-level English classrooms in Korea. Forty-nine videotaped ordinary classes and interviews with four teachers were investigated. Teachers tended to make learners the subjects of humor, with this type of humor attracting students to participate in learning. Furthermore, teachers encouraged learners to pay more attention to the form of English language features by humorously revealing mispronunciations or expressions that learners could easily make mistakes with. Additionally, among learners, the primary users of humor were middle- to lower-level students. Teachers needed to build a safe environment for English underachievers who unintentionally made humorous mistakes so that they would not be mocked. Also, certain boys intentionally tried humor to get attention. It is noteworthy that teachers and learners jointly constructed humor by supporting each other. This conjoint humor reaffirms the importance of teachers’ reactions and attitudes towards pupils. By listening attentively and accepting learners’ remarks, teachers could make humorous, meaningful interactions. The current paper projects some pedagogical implications concerning how to use or deal with humor for foreign language teachers.

A growing number of task-based learning (TBL) research has employed a processoriented research framework to analyze second language data in L2 classrooms using a task-in-process vs. task-as-workplan dichotomy (e.g., Seedhouse, 2004). Adopting the task-in-process framework, the current study analyzes how students in Korean EFL classrooms interact during information gap task activities. How do sequences of interaction during information gap tasks differ from the task-as-workplan? What are the specific institutional goals that the participants orient to while completing these tasks? This article attempts to answer these questions by analyzing the interactions that occur during a series of information gap tasks performed by different groups of Korean middle school students. The findings show how information gap tasks create minimized and truncated sequences that are different from the task-as-workplan as well as from how people would interact in ordinary conversation. Rather than promoting more talk by engaging in negotiation of meaning, learners engaged in a series of completion-oriented sequences to find the correct response in the most efficient way possible. The paper ends with suggestions for improving the design of tasks in pedagogical settings.

The research on washback of a test has little been carried out in Korea while it has been flourishing in language testing researchers overseas. This paper investigates whether the advent of NEAT has affected the perception of test takers and the teaching/learning practices in English classrooms of Korea. In addition, we also want to investigate the relationship between variables such as perception of test users, teaching/learning practices, and test scores. We carried out a survey with 601 students who were seated at NEAT administered in April 2013 as well as 3,267 third-year high school students who had no experience on NEAT. The analyses revealed some evidence to support that NEAT has an effect on the perception of the participants. However, the analyses also revealed that NEAT was not effective to appeal for a change in teaching and learning practices in English classrooms in Korea.

In the early reading stage, readers should be supported both orally and conceptually so that they are equipped with the basic skills and knowledge about word recognition. Thus, a lack of systematic support in the early reading developmental stage impedes the natural growth of reading ability. This article investigated how children were supported in reading from their teachers in the primary English classrooms. To accomplish this purpose, eleven reading-focused classrooms were analysed. Observations, video recordings, and interviews were conducted for data collection. Field notes and checklists were also used during the observations. Qualitative analyses revealed that children were poorly supported in learning to read: teachers used few limited teaching techniques and their uses were not effective on reading. The data from the interviews revealed that teachers were rarely trained for reading instruction, and that they possessed a limited knowledge about the English language system as well as about the reading development of young learners. Hence, the teachers' poor background knowledge and lack of skills led to less effective reading instruction. Based on these findings, it is suggested that teachers require training such as in basic knowledge about the English writing system and reading development in order to deliver effective reading instruction to early readers.

Motivation is one of the main determinants in the success of attaining a foreign language. Accordingly, there has been a considerable amount of research on L2 motivation in the last three decades. These studies on L2 motivation, however, tend to depend heavily on quantitative approach rather than qualitative approach regardless of educational context. Although we have gained our knowledge on relationships among motivational factors, we do not have enough evidence to understand Korean learners’ L2 motivational ups and downs in a classroom foreign language learning. Suspending our current beliefs about L2 motivation, and investigating what facilitate, debilitate, and sustain learners’ motivation in a Korean classroom will provide us invaluable insights to understand the nature of L2 motivation. The purpose of this paper is to find out factors that is facilitating, debilitating, and maintaining learners’ motivation in an ESP classroom in a university. The participants were 115 university students enrolled in a business English class. The participants’ responses on the open-ended questionnaire were analyzed by the NUD*IST program (V.4.0). There seem to be some difference in facilitating, debilitating, sustaining motivations in learning English in classroom. Classroom implications are discussed in light of these findings.

Research has shown that using multimedia teaching materials such as movie videos and CD-ROMs in foreign language classrooms has been effective. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effects of using a movie CD-ROM in English classrooms as a way of improving English language skills and enhancing students’ positive perception of learning English. Sixty 10th-grade students in a commercial high school participated in the study which lasted 10 weeks. One group used the movie Big, while the other group used the conventional method of listening to a tape that accompanied a textbook. The data, which were analyzed statistically using the SPSS, showed the following results: 1) Even though the experimental group’s level of interest and confidence increased by using the movie CD-ROM, the increase was not statistically significant. The same can be said for the control group. 2) The experimental group showed a statistically significant improvement in vocabulary building, while the control group did not. 3) Neither group showed significant improvement in terms of listening ability.

본 연구는 한국인 중등 영어교사(KETs) 2명과 원어민 영어보조교사(NETs) 2명의 의견을 바탕으로, 현재 코티칭 수업에 대한 그들의 시각에 대해 논의한다. 한국에서의 개인적 교수경험을 기초로 한 코칭에 대한 정의, 코티칭에 대한 현재의 태도를 결정하는 데 영향을 끼친 요소들, 더 나은 코티칭 수업을 위해 필요한 점에 대한 그들의 의견을 온라인 비디오 인터뷰를 통해 수집하였으며, 동료검토 과정(Peer debriefing session)을 통해 분석하였다. 자료 분석 결과, 네 명의 영어교사 모두가 코티칭의 개념, 코티칭 수업의 목표, 어떻게 코티칭 수업을 하고 피드백을 공유할 지에 대한 명확한 합의에 도달하지 못하였으며, 그 실천 가능한 방법을 배울 기회가 부족했다. 그로 인해, 한국인 중등 영어교사와 원어민 영어교사 사이 수업에 대한 주인의식(Sense of ownership)이 불균형하고, 코티칭에 대한 서로의 의견이 암묵적으로 불일치하는 상황이 야기되었다. 또한 원어민 교사와의 코티칭 관련 협의 과정에서 어려움을 경험한 바 있었다. 한국인 영어교사들은 코티칭 수업에 대한 진지한 의견을 공유 하려는 시도 자체가, 그들의 원어민 영어보조교사들에 의해 "방해 (혹은 간섭)”으로 받아들여질 것이 라고 생각하고 있었다. 또한, 네 명의 참여자들 모두 코티칭에 필요한 요소인 협력하는 방법을 제대로 연수 할 기회가 없었다는 것을 인터뷰 분석을 통해 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 연구 결과를 바탕으로 영어 코티칭 교사들 사이에 건설적인 협의를 할 수 있는 방향을 제시한다.