dlm allele controlling disease lesion mimic trait is useful in basic research aimed at better understanding disease hypersensitive response and programmed cell death in soybean. Inheritance between dlm trait and any morphological trait, position of dlm allele on classical linkage group, molecular marker linked to dlm allele were not reported. Two populations [T255 (lf2lf2DlmDlm) x T363 (Lf2Lf2dlmdlm), T363 (dlmdlmp1p1) x T43 (DlmDlmP1P1)] were made to find independent assortment or linkage between dlm locus and lf2 or between dlm locus and P1 locus. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 were observed in the F2 population and the Chi-square values strongly suggested that the disease lesion mimic and seven-leaflet trait was controlled by a single recessive gene. Glabrousness trait was controlled by a single dominant gene. Segregation ratios of 48 Lf2_Dlm_: 30 Lf2_dlmdlm: 21 lf2f2Dlm_ : 8 lf2lf2dlmdlm based on F2 phenotype showed that dlm allele was inherited independently with the lf2 allele controlling seven-leaflet trait in soybean. However, more F2 plants will be needed to confirm this result. Also, segregation ratios of 137 P1_Dlm_: 46 P1_dlmdlm: 49 p1p1Dlm_ : 16 p1p1dlmdlm from F2 phenotype confirmed strongly that dlm allele was inherited independently with the P1 allele controlling glabrous trait in soybean. This results indicate that dlm allele will not located in soybean classical linkage group 2 (molecular linkage group K) and soybean classical linkage group 16. This observation will helpful to attempt to position the Dlm locus on the soybean molecular linkage map.

Leaflet number of soybean controlled by Lf2 locus is the important trait in photosynthesis and plant type. The objective of this research was to identity molecular markers linked to the lf2 locus. A total of 115F2 plants were derived from a cross between normal three-leaflet type Sinpaldalkong (Lf2Lf2) and seven-leaflet mutant type T255 (lf2lf2). All leaflet counts of parents and F2 individual plants were made in the field on fully expanded leaves on the main stem when terminal growth of the main stem had ceased. One-thousand 10-mer oligonucleotide RAPD primers and 664 SSR primers were used. The segregation ratios of 3 : 1 were observed in the F2 population and the Chi-square values strongly suggested that the seven-leaflet was controlled by a single recessive gene. A genetic map was constructed from the 15 segregating markers (9 RAPDs, 5 SSRs, 1 lf2 locus). OPAD03 and OPAI13 RAPD markers were linked to the lf2 locus that controlled seven-leaflet type at a distance of 20.5 and 23.5 cM, respectively. Molecular markers identified in this study linked with lf2 locus will be helpful to locate lf2 locus on the public soybean molecular linkage map and would be useful for tagging the lf2 locus that controls seven-leaflet trait.

Jaecheol Lee. 2001. Antecedent Contained Deletion and LF Pied Piping. Studies in Modern Grammar 24, 67-90. In this paper, we prove that LF pied-piping is required for the resolution of Antecedent Contained Deletion(ACD), and that the theory-internal motives for the LF pied-piping results from economy considerations; LF convergence and the Last Resort. ACD resolution requires LF pied piping of an entire phrase out of categories that contain it. We argue that the LF pied-piping movements by Quantifier Raising and Rightward movement are triggered for the purpose of resolving the infinite regress problem in ACD configuration. Both movements are necessary to satisfy Full Interpretation at LF. We propose that QR is driven by a QU-feature, which triggers LF pied-piping of a quantificational expression in ACD configuration. The checking of QU-feature arises because the interpretively redundant QU-features on QP and its target are not allowed at the interface, which result in the violation of the principle of full interpretation. Rightward movement is driven by the Last Resort, chosen only when QR cannot occur in ACD construction.

Kim Young-Suck. 1997. The LF Analysis of Scrambling. Studies in Modern Grammatical Theories 11: 79-90. Such languages as Korean and Japanese can scramble and have free word order, unlike English. Some linguistic theoreticians proposed English is configurational while Korean and Japanese are nonfigurational. Since Saito(1985), it has been standard to view the free word order as being derived from the optional, transformational operation of scrambling. Since the optional operation of scrambling has been problematic as it seems to apply without any driving force, this paper is to propose a novel analysis of scrambling. It will be argued that `scrambled` elements are actually base-generated in their surface positions and undergo obligatory LF movement to where they are assigned θ -roles. Since scrambling in this sense involves only LF movement that has a driving force, this analysis not only conforms to the last resort principle, but also explains why it is `undone` in LF. Moreover, the LF analysis provides support for the minimalist assumption that LF is the sole level at which interpretive conditions apply.