본 연구에서는 충청북도 충주시를 대상으로 폭염시 토지이용유형별 보행공간의 기상특성과 공기이온 특성을 측정 및 분석하였다. 연구대상지 보행공간의 토지이용유형 구분은 지적편집도를 이용하여 대상지를 크게 Green Area, Residential Area, Commercial Area으로 실시하였다. 측정지점은 약 4.1km, 44개 지점으로 측정지점을 선정하여 외곽지 역 관통도로 보행공간 Green Area 12개 지점, Residential Area 14개 지점, Commercial Area 18개 지점으로 구분하여 측정하였다. 또한 폭염시 토지이용유형별 보행공간의 기온, 상대습도, 일사량, 순복사량 등의 기상요소가 음이온 발생량, 양이온 발생량에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 이온지수를 산출하였다. 폭염시 토지이용유형별 보행공간의 공기이온 특성 비교결과 평균 양이온 발생량은 Commercial Area(700.73ea/cm3) > Residential Area(600.76ea/cm3) > Green Area(589.73ea/cm3)로 분석되었다. 평균 음이온 발생량은 Green Area(663.95ea/cm3) > Residential Area(628.48ea/cm3) > Commercial Area(527.48ea/cm3) 로 분석되었다. 평균 이온지수는 Green Area(1.13) > Residential Area(1.04) > Commercial Area(0.75)로 분석되었다. 본 연구는 폭염시 토지이용유형별 보행공간에 따른 기상특성, 양이온 발생량과 음이온 발생량 현황을 확인할 수 있었으며, 토지이용유형별 보행공간의 이온지수의 차이를 확인할 수 있었다. 그러나 이동측정에 따른 토지이용유형별 정확한 비교 부족과 도로 폭 변화에 대한 정량적 특성 비교가 부족한 한계점이 존재하였 다. 따라서 도로 특성을 고려한 지속적인 연구가 이루어져야할 것으로 판단되었다.

PURPOSES: This study aimed to analyze traffic accidents at circular intersections, and discuss accident reduction strategies based on land use and vehicle type. METHODS : Traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the “traffic accident analysis system”(TAAS) data set of the Road Traffic Authority. To develop the accident rate model, a multiple linear regression model was used. Explanatory variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used to develop the models. RESULTS: The main results of the study are as follows. First, it was found that the null hypotheses that land use and vehicle type do not affect the accident rate should be rejected. Second, 16 accident rate models, which are statistically significant (with high R2 values), were developed. Finally, the area of the central island, number of speed humps, entry lane width, circulatory roadway width, bus stops, and pedestrian crossings were analyzed to determine their effect on accidents according to the type of land use and vehicle. CONCLUSIONS: Through the developed accident rate models, it was revealed that the accident factors at circular intersections changed depending on land use and vehicle type. Thus, selecting the appropriate location of bus stops for trucks, widening entry lanes for cars, and installing splitter islands and optimal lighting for motorcycles were determined to be important for reducing the accident rate. Additionally, the evaluation showed that commercial and mixed land use had a weaker effect on accidents than residential land use.

OBJECTIVES : The objective of this study is to develop a traffic accident model of a roundabout based on the type of land use. METHODS : The traffic accident data from 2010 to 2014 were collected from the“ traffic accident analysis system (TAAS)”data set of the Road Traffic Authority. A multiple linear regression model was utilized in this study to analyze the accidents based on the type of land use. Variables such as geometry and traffic volume were used to develop the accident models based on the type of land use. RESULTS : The main results are as follows. First, the null hypothesis that the type of land use does not affect the number of accidents is rejected. Second, four accident models based on the type of land use have been developed, which are statistically significant (high R2 values). Finally, the total entering and circulating volumes, area of the central island, number of speed breakers, mean number of entry lanes, diameter of the inscribed circle, mean width of the entry lane, area of the roundabout, bus stops, and number of circulatory roadways are analyzed to see how they affect the accident for each type of land use. CONCLUSIONS: The development of the accident models based on the type of land use has revealed that the accident factors at a roundabout are different for each case. Thus, more speed breakers in commercial areas and an inscribed circle of proper diameter in commercial and residential areas are determined to be important for reducing the number of accidents. Additionally, expanding the width of the entry lanes, decreasing the area of the roundabouts in residential areas, and reducing the conflict factors such as bus stops in green spaces are determined to be important.

In this study, the ion index characteristics of small and medium urban land use types were investigated in the city of Chungju. The average temperature for each land use type was in the order: general commercial district (29.59℃) > general residential district (28.34℃) > productive green district (28.31℃). The average relative humidity was in the order: productive green district (70.12%) > general residential district (69.93%) > general commercial district (66.48%). The average wind speed was in the order: productive green district (0.95 m/s) > general commercial district (0.87 m/s) > general residential district (0.54 m/s). Positive and negative ions were investigated to determine the ion index by land use type. The average amount of positive ion generated was in the order: general commercial district (737 ea/cm3) > general residential district (492 ea/㎤) > productive green district (445 ea/㎤). The average negative ion production decreased in the order: productive green district (930 ea/㎤) > general residential district (754 ea/㎤) > general commercial district (744 ea/㎤). The ion index calculated from measured data can be arranged in the order: productive green district (2.09) > general residential district (1.53) > general commercial district (1.01). These results confirm the state of positive and negative ion generation in each land use type. Further, the differences in the ion index by land use type were confirmed. However, a limitation of this study is that simple summer measurements were conducted, and seasonal characteristics were not considered. Therefore, any future investigation and research should consider seasonal variation characteristics.

The objective of this paper is compare to landuse type for calculating peak flood and soil loss in rapidly expansion urban area. This study compares two landuse maps, including numerical landuse map and aerial photograph landuse map, for calculating the ratio of urban and agriculural area, curve number, time of concentration, peak flood discharge, and soil loss. It is found that flood discharge calculated using aerial photograph landuse map are larger than that calculated using numerical landuse map, and soil loss calculated using aerial photograph landuse map are smaller than that calculated using numerical landuse map. Results also indicate that landuse chage in rapidly expansion urban area significantly influences flood discharge and soil loss.

This study aims to estimate a urban heat island potential distribution based on the land-use types using Landsat TM(1100 LST August 2004) and AWS data in Daegu. The heat island potential is defined as a difference between surface temperature and air-temperature at each place. The study area was selected as about 900㎢ square including Daegu metropolitan area. Land-use data obtained by dividing all of Daegu metropolitan area into 1-km-square three types of maps were prepared in the 1960s, 1970s and 2000s respectively. Land-use types were classified into 5 categories. Forest and farm lands have been reduced at a wide range during 40 years. Most of those changed into urban area. The heat island potential distribution presented a striking contrasts according to land-use types. For example, the heat island potential of urban area was higher than 10℃ in comparison to those of water or paddy rice areas.