This study aims to empirically investigate the evolution of conservation principles for Korean architectural heritage— transitioning from customary formal reconstruction to value-based conservation centered on the ‘Historic State’—by analyzing the twenty-year conservation process of the Stone Pagoda at the Mireuksa Temple Site in Iksan (1999–2019). It specifically examines how international conservation discourses were negotiated and optimized within the specific context of the Korean repair environment to secure ‘Authenticity’. The major findings are as follows. First, a philosophical shift toward the conservation of the ‘Historic State’ was realized by excluding the conjectural reconstruction of the ninth story and opting for partial repair up to the remaining sixth story. This approach embraced the cumulative layers of damage as an integral part of the monument's authentic history. Second, the ‘authenticity of material’ was maximized by increasing the reuse rate of original stone members to 47% to 81% and selectively integrating reversible modern technologies to ensure structural stability. Third, the ‘authenticity of process and record’ was established through a multidisciplinary decision-making framework and transparent documentation of the entire two-decade conservation project. In conclusion, the conservation of the Mireuksa Stone Pagoda is a monumental achievement that established practical conservation principles by optimizing international norms to fit local conditions. The derived principles align with the ‘Korean Principles for the Conservation of Heritage Values (2022)’ and will serve as an academic benchmark for sustainable architectural heritage conservation and authenticity assessment under the ‘National Heritage Framework (2024)’.

본 연구에서는 미륵사지 동･서원 중문의 복원 기본설계를 바탕으로 Midas Gen을 이용하여 구조성능을 정량적으로 평가하였다. 안전성은 위험하중조합에 대한 응력비로, 사용성은 처짐 및 횡변위로 검토하였다. 해석 결과, 기둥의 최대 축응력비와 조합응력비는 각각 0.097과 0.261로 안전여유가 충분하나, 맞보(하)와 서까래는 허용응력 기준 대비 각각 95.3%와 121.8%를 초과하였다. 처짐 또한 맞보(하)와 서까래에서 기준 대비 각각 23.9%와 70.4% 초과하였으며, X방향 지진하중에 대한 횡변위는 기준 대비 19.5% 초과하였 다. 이로부터 일부 부재에 대한 단면 재산정 및 구조보강이 필요하며, 전통건축 복원 설계 과정에서 고증 치수와 구조성능 간의 정량 적 검토의 필요성을 확인하였다.

The Stone Pagoda at Mireuksa Temple Site, Iksan, built during the reign of King Moo(武王) of Baekje(百濟), is one of the earliest stone pagodas in Korea. The main feature of the Stone Pagoda at Mireuksa Temple Site, Iksan is the technique of constructing the pagoda body using a technique of constructing stone structures that is difficult to find in China or Silla during the same period. In this study, we inferred that the origin of the Post & lintel construction technique of the stone pagoda of Mireuksaji Temple in Iksan came from the Post & lintel construction Stylobate of Baekje. As a result of comparing the part composition and joining method of the pagoda body and the Post & lintel construction stylobate, it was confirmed that the Post & lintel construction stylobate influenced the construction technique of the pagoda body. In addition, differences in the way the Post & linte construction technique is applied depending on the location of the pagoda body of Stone Pagoda at Mireuksa Temple Site, Iksan were inferred. This study is significant in that it clearly reveals the origin of the unique construction technique of the Stone Pagoda at Mireuksa Temple Site, Iksan.