This study was carried out to examine the concentration and distribution characteristics of total airborne bacteria (TAB) and airborne mold in non-regulated public-use facilities. The arithmetic mean (AM) of the TAB in all facilities was 356.5 ± 419.3 CFU/m3, and the geometric means (GM) was 157.8 CFU/m3, which did not exceed the standard value of 800 CFU/m3. The highest concentration was 637.3 ± 372.0 CFU/m3 (GM: 534.9 CFU/m3) in the underground shopping mall. The AM of airborne mold in all facilities was 448.2 ± 429.6 CFU/m3 (GM: 285.4 CFU/m3), which did not exceed the standard value of 500 CFU/m3, but was close to it. In particular, subway station (AM: 661.5 ± 441.2 CFU/m3, GM: 540.0 CFU/ m3), large-scale store (AM: 587.6 ± 683.2 CFU/m3, GM: 297.8 CFU/m3), and private educational institute (AM: 528.8 ± 379.6 CFU/m3, GM: 373.7 CFU/m3) exceeded the standard. Operational taxonomic unit of 16S rDNA and ITS2 rDNA region was analyzed to profile bacteria and mold component in the air of the public-use facilities. As a result, Pseudomonas and Morganella are the major bacterial groups. Regarding mold, Aspergillus, Candida, Malassezia, and Penicillium are the major groups. Component of each airborne bacterial and mold groups varied depending on the type of public-use facilities.

For introducing the groundwater quality assessment using background concentration of groundwater, several methods had been studied to estimate the background concentration of groundwater and to suggest the background concentration of study area. Some methods such as Box whisker plot, Percentile and Cumulative probability distribution had been adopted to estimate background concentration, and it was evaluated that the Cumulative probability distribution method presents more reasonable background concentration because it can consider the data distribution. So we estimated the background concentration of study area using cumulative probability distribution method. We suggested the background concentration for each hydrogeology respectively in case hydrogeological water quality similarity is very low.

Amoxicillin, a well-known antibiotic, has a broad spectrum against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. This experiment was conducted in order to investigate the effect of micronized and non-micronized amoxicillin prepared using different comminution techniques on change in blood concentration of rats. Forty adult male Sprague Dawley rats (6~7 weeks of age, body weight 128.3 ± 10.7 g) were randomly allocated to two treatment groups: micronized amoxicillin (MA) group treated with micronized amoxicillin trihydrate powder (particle size, over 90% of 10 μm), non-micronized amoxicillin (NMA) group treated with non-micronized amoxicillin trihydrate powder (particle size, over 70% of 100 μm), given 480 mg/kg body weight once daily for four days. The results showed a significant increase in serum concentration in the MA group on days 3 and 4, compared to the NMA group (P<0.05). In particular, serum concentration of the MA group on day 4 was increased almost two times that of the NMA group. The results indicate that due to the increase of the drug’s oral bioavailability, higher serum concentration would be achieved with the micronized amoxicillin trihydrate than with the non-micronized drug.

월동기간 동안 zoysiagrass[Zoysia matrella(L.) Merr]와 creeping bentgrass(Agrostis palustris Hunds)의 저온 스트레스에 대한 탄수화물 대사 반응을 구명하기 위해 11월부터 이듬해 4월까지의 식물체내의 탄수화물 대사산물의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. Creeping bentgrass의 녹색도와 뿌리 성장은 온도변화와 거의 평행하게 변화하였으나 zoysiagrass는 뿌리 성장에 거의 변화가 없이

Zoysiagrass [Zoysia marella (L.) Merr.]와 creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds)에서 고온 스트레스에 대한 탄수화물대사 반응을 규명하기 위해 4월부터 9월까지의 식물체내의 탄수화물 대사산물의 변화를 비교 분석하였다. 각 초종의 샘플은 1998년 조성된 무안 Country Club의 green과 fairway에서 채취하였다. Creeping bentgrass의 지상부 수량은 6월부터