얕은 물에서 선박과 바닥의 상호작용으로 인해, 제한이 없는 깊은 물에서 운항할 때와 비교하여 저항이 증가하는 현상이 발생 한다. 이러한 천수효과에 의해 증가하는 저항은 주로 조파저항에 기인하기 때문에, 본 연구에서는 유람선을 대상으로 LCG(Longitudinal Center of Gravity)의 위치 변경을 통해 성능을 최적화하여 조파저항을 감소시키는 것을 목표로 진행하였다. 수치해석 시뮬레이션을 통해 LCG 위치를 최적화하여 저항의 최소값을 찾고, 이후 수심의 깊이에 따른 영향을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 37.5% - 52.5% Lpp의 영역에서의 LCG 변화는 총 저항에 큰 영향을 주었으며, 깊은 물의 조건에서는 총 저항의 최대값과 최소값을 비교하였을 때, 72.67%의 큰 차이를 보이 는 반면, 얕은 물 조건에서는 그 차이가 62.97% 정도로 비교적 낮은 차이를 보인다. 수심의 깊이에 따른 효과는 수심이 낮을수록 총 저항 이 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 깊은 물과 비교하여 1.5m의 얕은 물에서는 총 저항이 최대 67.68% 가량 증가하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이 경우 총 저항 증가의 주요 원인은 전체 저항의 84.99%를 차지하는 조파저항에 의한 것으로 판단된다.

A sirocco fan consists of a housing and an impeller with blades. There are many design parameters for improving its performance and efficiency. Thus, the objective of present study is to investigate the effect of blade size(such as blade length and height) and the number of blades on the flow characteristics of a sirocco fan using a commercial CFD software, Star CCM+. From the results of our previous and present study, it is revealed that blade inclination angle and blade height had a great effect on the flow characteristics, such as the static pressure rise and flow rate. There are important factors in improving the flow characteristics, as following order, the blade inclination angle, blade height, blade length, blade radius of curvature, the number of blades. it was obtained that maximum in static pressure rise and flow rate were, respectively, 20.8Pa and 6.41CMM under the our simulation condition.

In this paper, we covered the basic design process of water-cooled cabinets and studied how to determine the target performance of heat exchanger design, which is essential in water-cooled cabinet design. A theoretical method was presented to set the target efficiency of the heat exchanger, and the pressure drop of air passing through the heat exchanger was predicted analytically. A cabinet-level thermal analysis was performed using the target efficiency and pressure drop data of the heat exchanger. The accuracy of the theoretical method was judged by comparing the theoretically predicted operating environment of the internal equipment with the analytically predicted operating environment of the internal equipment.

The concept of deep geological disposal for high-level radioactive waste is based on an engineered barrier system (EBS), including a canister, bentonite buffer and backfill material. The bentonite buffer is key component of the EBS to prevent groundwater infiltration and radionuclide leakage. However, the bentonite buffer can become saturated due to groundwater flow through the excavation damaged zone in the adjacent rock, causing erosion of bentonite buffer and affecting the long-term performance of EBS. While the RH (relative humidity) sensor is commonly used to assess the degree of saturation in the bentonite buffer, it has a critical challenge due to its sensor size, which can disturb the overall integrity of the bentonite buffer during the initial installation process. In contrasts, the electrical resistivity test, widely known as a non-destructive method, is used to predict soil properties such as the degree of saturation and water contents. This method measures the electric resistance of materials using electric current induced by electric potential difference between two electrodes. Notably, there is no study that assess the integrity of bentonite buffer in a nuclear waste repository using electrical resistivity measurement. This study presents the electrical resistance numerical module under steady state using commercial finite element method (FEM), and quantitatively estimate the change of electrical resistance according to saturation and erosion of bentonite buffer. Furthermore, the electric potential and current density distribution formed between two electrodes are analyzed.

The domestic shipbuilding industry is building high-value-added ships such as LNG and LPG, and the demand for natural gas, a clean energy source, is continuously increasing. Climate change, such as global warming, is occurring due to rising oil prices and excessive use of fossil fuels. To protect their homes from the changing environment, 121 countries announced intensive climate target policies to reduce carbon emissions to 0% by 2050. In this study, modeling and design were performed using SUS410 and SUS304L about the operating part of the Pilot valve based on the physical properties of the aluminum alloy used in the Pilot valve, a component of the gas pressure Regulating valve for LNG ships. Numerical We want to develop the optimal Pilot valve by comparing and analyzing the results using ANSYS, an analysis simulation program.

선박의 설계과정에 있어, 선박의 중량은 유체역학적 성능에 큰 영향을 미치는 가장 중요한 요소 중 하나이다. 선박은 일반적으 로 최적의 흘수와 배수량을 갖는 하나의 조건으로 설계되지만, 실제로는 연료의 소비, 선박 평형수의 충전과 적재 조건과 같은 운항 활동 으로 인해 선박의 중량 및 흘수가 일정 범위 내에서 바뀐다. 본 연구에서는 소형선박을 대상으로 3가지 하중조건에 따른 선박의 저항성능 변화를 모형실험과 수치해석을 통해 연구하였다. 마지막으로 2050년까지 CO2 배출 가스를 50% 감축한다는 국제해사기구(IMO) 목표를 따 라 선박의 저항 성능을 개선하여 동력 요구 사항을 줄이기 위해 선박의 중량 변화에 따른 저항성능의 민감도를 연구하였다. 연구 결과, 선박의 중량변화에 따른 효과는 낮은 프루드 수에서 크게 나타나는 것으로 확인되며, 저항성능에 대한 연구 결과, 설계 흘수의 적재조건 을 기준으로 배수량이 11.1% 증가하고, 흘수가 5% 증가한 Over load의 적재조건에서 운항 시 선체의 총 저항이 모형시험과 CFD 시뮬레이 션에서 각각 15.97%, 14.31%까지 증가하는 것을 볼 수 있다.

LNG propulsion ships are actively being built as an eco-friendly fuel for ships, and ships with C-type LNG tanks are being widely built. In order to analyze the risk of LNG venting from operating ships and test-run ships, the flow characteristics according to operating conditions were reviewed using ANSYS FLUENT, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that the distribution area exceeding the lower explosion limit of natural gas and the area where the natural gas temperature rose to 17 ° C had similarities. In addition, it was confirmed that the change in the horizontal direction was greater than the change in the vertical direction when the natural gas distribution range was changed. Since the valve opening has a greater effect than the tank pressure, if natural gas must be vented to the atmosphere inevitably, the risk can be reduced by operating the valve opening at 50% or less.

Recently, there has been an increasing demand for independent suspension systems in commercial vehicles, and various researches related to this trend are currently underway. In this study, as part of an effort to localize the independent suspension system for commercial vehicles, a preceding study was conducted to convert the existing forging process into a casting process. The structural stability of the developed product was evaluated by performing stress analysis on both forging and casting materials. In order to compensate for the low yield characteristics of the casting material, design improvements were made to lower the maximum stress level based on numerical simulations.Additionally, Lightweight design was performed, capitalizing on the inherent design flexibility offered by casting products. As a result, it was confirmed that the developed product exhibited similar stress characteristics level to the existing product, along with a weight reduction of approximately 5%.

선박 및 교량 구조물은 일종의 길이가 긴 박스형 구조로서 수직 굽힘 모멘트에 대한 저항력이 설계의 주요 인자이다. 특히 선박 거더는 반복적으로 불규칙적인 파랑하중에 장시간 노출되어 있기 때문에 구조부재의 연속 붕괴 거동을 정확하게 예측하는 것이 무엇보다 도 중요하다. 본 논문에서는 순수 휨모멘트를 받는 박스거더의 하중 변화에 따른 좌굴을 포함한 소성 붕괴 거동을 수치해석적 방법을 이용 하여 분석하였다. 분석대상은 Gordo 실험에서 사용한 세 가지 박스거더로 선정하였다. 구조강도 실험 결과와 비선형 유한요소해석에 의한 결과를 비교하여 차이가 발생하는 원인에 대해서 고찰하였다. 본 논문에서는 카본스틸 재료의 제작 시 필연적으로 사용하는 용접열에 의한 초기 처짐의 영향을 반영하기 위하여 전체와 국부적인 처짐 형상의 조합을 제안하였고, 이 결과는 실험 결과와 거동 및 최종강도 추정율이 7% 이내에서 잘 일치하고 있었다. 논문에서 검토한 절차 및 초기 처짐 구성에 대한 내용은 향후 유사 구조물의 최종강도를 분석하는데 좋 은 지침으로 사용할 수 있다.

In this study, we performed thermal safety design of the electric module of a heat-loaded equipment with consideration of its heat dissipation performance. Initially, we calculated the heat dissipation of natural convection to choose a cooling method. Based on this, we found that some modules required forced convection and selected an air-cooling method with an outdoor temperature of 43 degrees Celsius, which is the maximum temperature in Korea. Prior to module production, we performed thermal analysis of each module and proceeded with a design to increase the thermal conductivity of the module as a primary step, and subsequently proceeded with Heat Sink design to maximize the heat dissipation performance. After considering various constraints according to the system requirements and designing the cooling path, we experimentally and analytically secured thermal safety at the operating temperature of the equipment.

최근 국제해사기구(IMO)를 비롯한 국제사회에서 선박의 대기오염 배출 규제를 강화하고 있으며, 배기가스 배출을 줄이기 위한 친환경 선박 개발이 활발하게 이루어지고 있다. 그중에서도 풍력 보조 선박추진 시스템 중 하나인 로터 세일(Rotor Sail, RS)이 다시금 주목 받고 있다. RS는 선박 데크에 설치되는 원통형 실린더 장치로 마그누스 효과를 사용하여 유체 동역학적 양력을 생성하는 장치이다. 이는 차세대 친환경 보조 추진 기술 중 하나이며, RS 적용 선박을 개발한 Enercon 社에서는 약 30% 이상의 연료 절감이 가능하다고 발표했다. 본 연구에서는 다중 RS를 선박에 설치할 경우 RS 간격 및 배열 형태와 같은 최적의 설치 조건을 선정하고자 하였으며, RS 배열에 따른 유동특성을 확인하기 위하여 AR(Aspect Ratio) = 5.1, SR(Spin Ratio) = 1.0 및 로터세일 지름과 엔드 플레이트 지름 비( )= 2.0 로 고정하고 자유 유속 U = 5 m/s로 풍향은 +y 축 단방향에 대한 조건만 고려하였다. 배열 조건은 횡방향 거리는 +x 축 방향으로 3D ~ 15D까지 3D 간격 으로 총 5가지 조건을, 종방향 거리는 +y 축 방향으로 5D ~ 25D까지 5D 간격으로 총 5가지 조건을 설정하였으며, 사각 형태(□)와 마름모 형태(◇) 배열에 따른 양력계수( ), 항력계수( )와 공기역학적 효율( / )을 비교하였다. 결과적으로 종방향 간격에 따른 RS의 영향은 크게 차이가 없었으나, 횡방향 간격에 따른 RS 유동특성의 경우 두 RS가 바람 방향에 거의 일치할 때 RS의 상호작용 효과가 가장 크게 나타났다. 배열에 따른 RS 유동특성의 경우, 전방(0°) 방향에서 바람이 불 때 마름모 형태(◇) 배열이 RS 간의 후류 영향을 가장 덜 받는 것으로 나타났다.

In this paper, a numerical study was conducted on the development of HVAC(Heating, Ventilating and Air Conditioning) performance required for a large-scale greenhouse. In order to increase the simulation efficiency, fan model, porous media, and radiator model, etc. provided by Fluent were used based on the part performance analysis such as blowing fans and PTC heaters. Developed simulation method was applied to the decision of fan position to secure the flow uniformity and the determination of the heater specification to maintain the temperature suitable for plant growth. This study is the first step for the development of integrated environmental control system of greenhouse for high-income crop cultivation and the simulation method will be revised after correlation test.

The characteristics of pollutant emission for non-premixed flames with LCG 8000 and LCG 6000 represented as low calorific gases were investigated by numerical simulation. Commercial software (ANSYS 16.2 - FLUENT) is used to predict 2-D pollutant emission with GRI 3.0 detailed reaction mechanism. In addition, the addition of hydrogen to LCG 6000 was also considered. As result, the flame length and temperature of LHVGs were decreased with decreasing calorific value at the same condition. In addition, NO concentration was decreased as temperature decreased. However, CO concentration for LCG 8000 predicted to be slightly higher than that for methane due to the high propane concentration. In the case of LCG 6000 with added hydrogen, the flame length was the shortest and NO concentration was the highest due to the highest flame temperature, but CO concentration decreased rapidly due to the addition of the carbon-free fuel.