세계화와 지방화 추세의 가속화와 21세기 지식기반경제의 발전에 따라 지역의 장기적 발전을 위한 과학기술의 중요성이 강조되면서 과학기술정책의 대상으로 지역이 주목 받게 된다. 행정적으로는 지방자치제의 실시가 기점이 된 것으로 평가되며, 1999년 제1차 지방과학기술진흥종합계획의 수립과 관련 내용의 법제화 이후에 비로소 독립적인 정책으로 자리매김하게 된다. 이후 국가과학기술정책과 지역발전정책이 연계되고 정부의 국정방향 구현을 위한 다양한 정책이 구현되면서 변화 발전하게 된다. 시기적으로 구분하면 1994년 지방자치제 실시 이전까지 국가의 경제발전을 위한 부문 계획으로서 국가과학기술정책의 정립과 지역과학기술정책의 태동기, 1994년 지방자치제 실시 이후 국가과학기술기본법 제정의 시기 동안 지역의 과학기술정책이 재조명되고 1차 지방과학기술진흥종합계획이 수립된 지역과학기술정책의 형성기, 이후 지역과학기술정책이 별도의 정책적 위상을 가지고 국가 과학기술정책 및 지역발전정책과 상호 작용하면서 현재 까지 추진된 발전기로 나눌 수 있다. 지방과학기술진흥종합계획의 수립과 함께 다양한 정책 사업이 추진되면서 지역의 자립적 발전기반이 확충되고 지역의 과학기술혁신역량이 발전하게 되었다. 그럼에도 중앙정부의 종속적 정책추진의 틀을 벗어나지 못하고 있고 실질적인 지역과학기 술의 자립적 생태계 구축이 미흡한 실정이다. 특히 최근에 직면하고 있는 고령화, 저출산 등 으로 인한 인구감소, 지역주력산업 침체로 인한 일자리 감소, 청년인구의 수도권 집중 등 지 역간 격차문제가 심화되고 있다. 디지털전환, 탄소중립 등 전환의 위기를 극복하기 위해서 지역과학기술정책은 새롭게 추진될 필요가 있다. 2022년은 신정부 출범으로 지역정책의 패러다임을 근본적을 바꾸고자 노력하고 있으며, 더불어 과학기술기본계획, 지방과학기술진흥종합계획, 국가균형발전 5개년계획 등 새로운 지 역과학기술관련 중장기 계획이 수립되는 시점이다. 디지털전환과 탄소중립 등 대외 기술환 경 또한 대전환의 시기를 맞이하고 있다. 변화하는 환경에 대응하면서 확대되는 지역 격차를 해소하고 지역의 지속가능한 성장을 위해서는 1990년대 후반에 형성된 중앙정부 중심 지역 과학기술정책의 제도적 기반을 지역 자율적인 체계로 근본적으로 전환하고 새로운 정책추진 을 위한 새판을 짤 필요가 있다.

본 연구는 새로운 지역혁신정책의 프레임인 전환적 지역혁신정책에 대한 리뷰 논문이다. 전환적 지역혁신정책은 지역주민의 입장에 서서, 시스템 전환의 비전을 가지고 기 후위기, 고령화, 양극화에 대한 대응책을 발전시켜 나가는 정책이다. 이를 위해 포스트 클러 스터론을 중심으로 한 지역혁신정책론의 연구 성과들을 검토하면서 전환적 지역혁신정책의 특성을 정리한다. 연구의 구성은 다음과 같다. 우선 클러스터론을 필두로 한 기존 지역혁신 정책과 구분되는 전환적 지역혁신정책론의 특성을 다룬다. 다음으로 전환적 지역혁신정책의 주요 요소, 시스템 전환의 유형, 산업형성과 관련된 연구들을 리뷰한다. 전환적 지역혁신정책이 기존 정책과 차별화되는 요소들을 정리하고 향후 논의가 발전하기 위해 다루어야 할 과제들을 도출한다. 임무지향적 프로그램을 통한 전환적 혁신과 기존 혁신의 연계, 전환의 구체적인 메커니즘의 탐색, 산업혁신과 사회혁신을 통합하는 시각의 도입, 산업융합과 사회혁신 융합을 위한 초학제적 연구·혁신 방식의 도입 등이 다루어질 것이다.

This study was conducted to understand the current status of regional health inequalities and nurse supply and demand policies, and to suggest ways to supply nurses to regions where nurses are scarce. Secondary data such as academic papers, government announcements, and related laws were analyzed, and the results were reviewed from various perspectives to derive policy proposals. Health professions were distributed around large cities including Seoul, and those regions had relatively high health levels. However, the number of hospital beds increased steadily, mainly in the non-metropolitan area. This seems to be one of the reasons why there is always a shortage of nurses in the local medical field despite the supply of nurses, and it can be a factor that aggravates regional inequalities. In order to solve the chronic shortage of nurses, supply-oriented policies such as increasing the admission quota and utilizing inactive nurses, and demand-oriented policies such as regulations on the nurse staffing level and improvement of the incentive scheme for quality evaluation of hospital service have been implemented. In the past, the focus was simply on the quantitative expansion of nurses, but recently, policies that emphasize the qualitative aspect of nursing are being promoted. However, the policy for the distribution aspect of nurses is still somewhat incomplete. Therefore, to solve this problem, strengthening the nurse staffing level in medical institutions, promoting nursing policies led by local governments, developing standard wage guidelines, and training nurses as public health personnel were proposed.

Purpose – Recently, the fourth industrial revolution is rapidly progressing, and the central government-led innovation system is not able to flexibly cope with changes in science and the economy and society. To solve these problems, it is necessary for local governments, which can easily identify and flexibly respond to local sites, to become self-centered and ready to respond more quickly to massive changes. Through this research, this study investigated the awareness of the elements of Jeonnam Province's capabilities in the field of science and technology policy, the importance of R&D, and how network cooperation among the base institutions might affect performance. Research design, data, and methodology – In fact, the data used in this study only 115 people were polled, excluding five who did not respond to the necessary variables. The methods of the survey were sampled, and the means of the survey were investigated via a self-contained electronic file (e-mail). Statistical analysis, including hypothesis verification, was performed by SPSS 19. The regression analysis was used. Results – All factors significantly affect performance by dividing them into five sub-fields: R&D strategic establishment, R&D demand survey, R&D planning, R&D evaluation, and R&D project management. These results suggest the importance and need for local scientific technology policy capabilities. Besides, it was confirmed that the relationship between regional science and technology policy capabilities and performance was moderated by the recognition of the importance of science technology and network cooperation among the core organizations. Conclusions – As a result, independent variables regarding the capabilities of each scientific technology policy were found to be statistically significant and have a significant effect on performance. Second, the regression analysis has shown the moderation effects of R&D importance awareness between the capabilities of science and technology policies and their performance. On the other hand, a regression analysis showing that the capabilities of science and technology policies and network cooperation between the base regions were not significant, indicating that there is no effect of moderation of network cooperation between the base regions between the capabilities of science and technology policies and performance.

This study aims to analyze the priority of regional climate change policy utilizing AHP (analytic hierarchy process) at the area of Metropolitan City of Incheon. It derives four factors at first hierarchical level, at which level the analysis of pair-wise comparison indicates that industrial sector, energy sector, climate change response, and green culture policy are considered important in that order. It also ends up with sixteen factors at second level. The result of comparison analysis between all factors reveals that investment promotion in green technology R&D is considered the most significant factor of all, followed by establishment of green enterprise support system, electricity-efficiency enhancement support project and build-up of green culture policy governance. The result implies that diverse promotional policies have to incorporate business, institutional, and cultural aspects for sustainable climate change policy of regions. The contribution of this study is that it highlights the need to include regional characteristics in deciding priority among policy options for them to be effective.

The objectives of the study are to identify the issues and problems encountered in Korea's current integrated rural regional development(IRRD) program and to suggest policy remedies to cope with them. Secondary data and materials ate mainly used for the study. Since the mid-1980s, rural settlement planning has been carried out in the Republic of Korea, In the planning process,'scale of economy'perspectives and settlement policy have been emphasized for increasing the efficiency of investment. During the 1990s, rural settlement and major village development projects have been implemented under the rural structure transformation programs. Agricultural structure adjustment projects for land consolidation and sizable farming have been separated from the rural settlement and mojor village development projects. Based on the evaluative analysis for the rural structure transformation policy and program, some problematic issues were raised as follows: (a) lack of integrative control function in the program'(b) weak linkage between living environment improvement and agricultural development projects: and (c) lack of comprehensive village development planning and implementation system. The policy issues to solve the problems were suggested as follows: (a) adoption of bottom-up approach in new IRRD planning and project system : (b) projection of comprehensive development planning and project at the village level; and (c) introduction of new regional agriculture development projects such as direct payment system for farming in less favorable areas and organic farming.