Busanjin Fortress was originally made of stone fortress for the Joseon Navy, which was located in Dongnae area in the late Joseon Dynasty. However, the Japanesque Castle of Busanjin in 1592 was built by the Japanese military during the Japanese Invasion of Korea. Since the Japanese military retreated, the Joseon Navy had renovated the fortress and had used it as a base for stationing, and it had been maintained in Busanjin Fortress until the Joseon Navy was disbanded in 1895. After the abolition of the Naval Force System, the space in Busanjin Fortress was dismantled, and the government facilities and their sites were not properly managed and repaired, eventually was sold to Japanese. As Busanjin Fortress failed to function properly, the coastal space in Busanjin became a burial ground after being reclaimed by Japanese with real estate investment in mind. Today, the traces of Busanjin Fortress have been removed by the reclamation work, and only the remains of some stone pillars remain under the name of Jaseongdae(子城臺). Thus, the old custom as the Naval base disappeared, leaving only the image of Japanesque Castle.

There can be diverse causes in the destruction of a large space structure by strong wind such as characteristics of construction materials and changes in internal and external wind pressure of the structure. To evaluate the wind pressure of roof against the large space structure, wind pressure experiment is performed. However, in this wind pressure experiment, peak internal pressure coefficient is set according to the opening of the roof in Korea wind code. In this article, it was tried to identify the change of internal pressure coefficient and the characteristics of wind pressure coefficient acting on the roof by two kinds of opening on the side of the structure with Hyperbolic Paraboloid Spatial Structures roof. When analyzing internal pressure coefficient according to roof shape, it was found that minimum (52%) and maximum (30%~80%) overestimation was made comparing to partial opening type proposed in the current wind load. It is judged that evaluation according to the opening rate of the structure should be made to evaluate the internal pressure coefficient according to load.

대공간 건축물의 특징 중 경량화 된 지붕 구조 및 재료의 사용으로 인해 지붕면의 손상이나 파괴 등의 피해가 많다. 대규모 경기장의 경우에는 지붕의 구조가 철골 트러스와 인장케이블을 기반으로 테프론이라는 막재료를 사용하여 구조체를 감싸거나 덮는 형태로 많이 설계가 되는데, 특히 이 막재료의 피해가 많으며 심각한 상황이다. 이러한 사례를 통해 대공간 건축물의 지붕에 대한 내풍설계 연구는 아직 미흡한 상태임을 알 수 있다. 본 논문은 쌍곡포물선 대공간구조물의 지붕의 형태에 대한 공기역학적인 특성을 알아보기 위하여 풍압실험과 유체해석을 실시하였다. 실험결과 바람이 불어오는 방향의 지붕 모서리에서 가장 큰 최소피크외압계수가 나타나지만 지붕의 길이방향으로 갈수록 최소피크풍압계수는 감소하고 있었다.

지구 온난화가 심화됨에 따라 도시지역에서 집중호우에 의한 침수 피해가 증가하는 추세이다. 이러한 지구온난화에 의한 기후변화의 변동성은 IPCC 5차 보고서(2014)에서도 기술되어 있으며 기후변화에 의한 강수 패턴의 변화, 수문시스템의 변화 등 수자원 불확실성의 증가에 대하여 시사하고 있다. 최근 서울이나 부산과 같은 대도시의 관로의 수용 범위를 초과하는 국지성 호우가 발생하여 큰 피해를 초래하였다. 도시지역의 침수는 1차적으로 우수관거 통수능부족에 의한 내수범람이 발생하고 방류구와 인접한 하천의 외수범람이 발생한다. 인구가 밀집되어 있는 도시지역에서 발생하는 침수는 인명피해 뿐만 아니라 도로, 교량, 지하공간 침수 및 파괴를 복구하기 위한 사회・경제적 피해를 동반하기 때문에 농촌, 산지 지역에 비해 피해량이 크다. 또한 도시개발에 인한 불투수면적 증가, 강우 유출시 출구부까지의 짧은 도달시간, 배수시설의 통수능부족 등 다양한 원인이 침수피해를 증대시킨다. 본 연구에서는 집중호우에 취약한 지역을 선정하고 XP-SWMM을 이용하여 내수침수 모의를 실시하였다. 또한 시범지역에 관로 개량, 우수저류지 설치, 우수펌프장 설치와 같은 홍수방어대안을 적용하여 각각의 침수모의를 실시하였으며 해당유역을 격자별로 분할하여 대안별 침수데이터를 추출하였다. 또한 격자별로 가장 적합한 구조적 홍수방어대안을 제시하기 위해 침수시간, 최대침수심, 구조물 설치비용을 평가요소로 이용하였으며 MCDM 기법 중 하나인 Compromise Programming 기법을 적용하였다. 본 연구에서는 동일 유역이라도 지리적 여건에 따라 대안의 선호도가 다르다는 점을 반영하고자 하였으며, Spatial Multi-Criteria Decision Making을 적용하여 지역특성을 고려한 홍수방어대안을 선정하는 방법에 대하여 연구하였다.

The objective of this study is to accurately understand the spatial distribution characteristics of the main production area for the three vegetable crops such as Chinese cabbage, radish, and hot pepper. We applied the 8 landscape indices such as TA, NP, PD, LPI, LSI, PLADJ, COHESION, and CONNECT to 35 cities and counties using FRAGSTATS. In the case of main production area for Chinese cabbage, six cities and counties in Gangwon province were revealed as a relatively high degree of aggregation by cultivation parcels than other area. In addition, Gangneung city and Hongcheon county have been analyzed to be the most aggregated area in the case of radish and hot pepper, respectively. In the future, the spatial analysis method used in this study would be helpful to develop an effective regional plan of the main production area.

The present study aims to evaluate the characteristics of atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pollution in roadside and residential areas of two Korean metropolitan cities (Seoul and Incheon) and a background area (Seokmolee). This purpose was established by analyzing temporal and spacial concentration distribution of total and 7 individual PAHs, which were extracted from ambient particulate matters, and by utilizing a multivariate statistical method (principal component analysis, PCA) for the qualitative determination of potential PAH sources. Target PAHs included benzo(a)anthracene (BaA), benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), benzo(b)fluoranthene (BbF), benzo(k)fluoranthene (BkF), chrysene (Chr), dibenzo(a,h)anthracene (DahA), and indeno(1,2,3-cd)pyrene (IcdP). For all surveyed sites, the concentrations of total PAHs were higher in winter season than in other seasons. However, the concentrations of individual PAHs varied with surveyed sites. In both residential and roadside sites of Seoul and Incheon, BbF revealed the highest atmospheric levels. For all 7 target PAHs, the ambient concentrations were higher in Seoul and Incheon than in a background area (Seokmolee). In both residential and roadside areas, the concentrations of 4 target PAHs (BaA, BbF, BkF, DahA) were higher in Incheon than in Seoul. However, both the residential and roadside Chr concentrations were comparable in Seoul and Incheon. In addition, the residential IcdP concentrations were higher in Incheon than in Seoul, whereas the roadside concentrations were higher in Seoul. The roadside and residential BaP concentrations exhibited the reverse result to the IcdP concentrations. An PCA analysis suggested that atmospheric PAHs in both residential and roadside areas would be due to combined effects of several potential sources such as gasoline- and diesel-fueled vehicles, coal/oil combustion, and waste incineration.