수산자원보호구역인 춘천호와 안동호에서 어류 군집 분석을 실시하였다. 조사는 2017년부터 2018년까지 수행되었으며, 어류상을 파악하고 우점종 및 아우점종을 확인한 결과 춘천호에서 채집된 어류는 총 13과 34종 1,197개체였다. 채집된 어류 중 블루길(Lepomis macrochirus)이 23.2%로 우점하였으며, 피라미(Zacco platypus)가 17.4%로 아우점하였다. 안동호에서 채집된 어 류는 총 9과 24종 1,393개체였다. 우점종은 블루길이 15.7%로 가장 많이 채집되었으며, 붕어 (Carassius carassius)가 15.2%로 아우점하였다. 두 조사지점의 종다양도는 과거보다 증가하는 경향을 보였으며, 균등도는 안동호에서는 차이가 보이지 않았으나 춘천호에서는 증가하는 경 향을 보였다. 두 인공호 모두 어류상 및 군집구조 측면에서 안정된 상태를 유지하고 있으나 외래종 비율을 감소시키기 위한 지속적인 노력이 필요하고, 다양한 어종이 안정적으로 개체 수를 유지할 수 있도록 수산자원 종자 방류 및 인공산란장 설치 등과 같은 관리가 필요하다.

본 연구의 목적은 탁구 경기력의 심리요인 구조에 대한 타당화 검증을 통하여 탁구 경기력에 영향을 미치 는 심리요인 구조를 재탐색하고 탁구 경기력 향상에 도움을 주고자 하는 것이다. 방법: 197명의 탁구선수들을 대 상으로 탁구 경기력의 심리요인 설문지를 사용하여 자료를 수집하였다. 수집된 자료는 문항적합성 검증, 신뢰도 분석, 구성타당도 및 개념타당도 분석을 통해 결과를 도출하였다. 결과: 문항적합성 검증에서 신뢰도를 저해시키 는 1문항이 삭제되었다. 이후 선별된 34문항에 대하여 2차례에 걸친 탐색적 요인분석 결과 총 17문항이 .30이하 의 요인부하량을 보여 삭제되었다. 다음으로 4요인 17문항에 대한 확인적 요인분석 결과 모형의 적합성이 검증되 었다. 선정된 최종모형은 불안과 정서조절(6문항), 시합전략(4문항), 자기통제(4문항), 자신감(3문항)으로 구성되었 다. 최종모형의 전체신뢰도는 .906으로 나타났으며, 각 하위요인의 신뢰도는 .766∼.794로 만족할 만한 수준인 것 으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 모형에 대한 개념타당도 검증을 위해 집중타당도 분석을 실시한 결과 전체적으로 기 준치를 충족시키는 것으로 확인되어 개념타당도가 확보되었다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 탁구 경기력에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 심리요인 구조를 재검증하고 타당화 검증을 실시하였다. 이러한 연구결과는 탁구 경기력 향상을 위한 심 리기술훈련이나 시합현장에서 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

The objective of this study is to accurately understand the spatial distribution characteristics of the main production area for the three vegetable crops such as Chinese cabbage, radish, and hot pepper. We applied the 8 landscape indices such as TA, NP, PD, LPI, LSI, PLADJ, COHESION, and CONNECT to 35 cities and counties using FRAGSTATS. In the case of main production area for Chinese cabbage, six cities and counties in Gangwon province were revealed as a relatively high degree of aggregation by cultivation parcels than other area. In addition, Gangneung city and Hongcheon county have been analyzed to be the most aggregated area in the case of radish and hot pepper, respectively. In the future, the spatial analysis method used in this study would be helpful to develop an effective regional plan of the main production area.

Disasters that occur most frequently in rural areas are drought, flood, damages from wind and cold weather. Among these, damages from storm and flood and drought are the main disasters and recently, these are occurring on a large scale due to unusual weather conditions. Under such circumstances, projects and researches on disasters in rural areas are under way but they are mostly targeting one area or making approaches focusing on repair facilities, maintenance project of facilities in small streams, and disaster management, so there have not been enough studies on the current status of overall damaged facilities in the rural areas. Against this backdrop, through the analysis of the current status of damaged facilities due to storm and flood in rural areas, this study aims to provide base data for policies needed for disaster recovery planning and maintenance work of rural areas. For the analysis of damaged facilities due to storm and flood in rural areas, using the annual report on disasters issued by Ministry of Public Safety and Security and based on the occurrence rate of estimated damage in each city and district for the past 10 years(2004~2013), 8 areas with the highest number of occurrence and cost of damage were found from each province and target areas were selected. Then, regarding the selected target areas, the General Plan for Reducing Damages from Storm and Flood, which is the report on top-level plan for preventing disasters, was secured and the current status of damaged facilities were analyzed. After organizing the analysis of current status, the tendency of damaged facilities due to storm and flood in rural areas, the items of damaged facilities depending on the types of storm and flood damages, and risk factors were suggested. Based on this result, in order to generalize the results of follow-up researches, it is thought that disaster recovery planning and establishing the system of remodeling items necessary for maintenance work would be possible by analyzing damage investigation items recorded in additional researches on rural areas, researches on natural disasters, and recovery plan instructions and by conducting on-site investigation on the damaged villages from storm and flood in rural areas.

Neurofibromatosis type 1 and ataxia telangiectasia are included in neurocutaneous syndrome. Ataxia telangiectasia is well known as the radiation hypersensitivity disease. The radiation sensitivity in neurofibromatosis type 1 is not well known. We report two cases of breast cancer with neurofibromatosis type 1. One patient received postoperative radiation therapy on left chest wall. The other patient received postoperative radiation therapy on right chest wall and supraclavicular area. We observed clinical radiosensitivity in these patients. Both patients did not show any acute adverse clinical response in chest wall and lung. Further evaluation of radiosensitivity in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 is needed.

With a view to creating beautiful farm villages, this study aims to exploit space syntax and thereby establish a systematic plan for refurbishing common farming facilities in farm villages by expanding a remodeling plan that has so far been focused on farm houses to cover different villages as well as in spatial scope. For this purpose, the study has extracted a system of categories for common ownership facilities in farm villages and applicable elements needed for collaboration in the space of joint production by performing a comprehensive analysis of related literature for the purpose of researching the distribution of common farming facilities. Based on such categorization of applicable elements, the study conducted a field survey of the four types of farm villages such as suburban area (Hwaseong), inland farming-centered area (Jeungpyeong), coastal & plain area (Goheung), and mid-mountain area (Gangneung), through group discussions by participating researchers and field pilot surveys. Also, space analysis has come up with measurements based on the five criteria of integration, local integration, control, connectivity, and spatial depth. And a plan for type-specific remodelling of common farming facilities has been drawn up through standardization based on the values in integration for different villages and spatial depth for common farming facilities. The significance of the current study consists in identifying how the location of common farming facilities influences the characteristics of different villages in terms of spatial structure and then drawing up guidelines for planning their placement.

In farming area, the elderly population is increasing year after year. And the gap between farming area and the city regarding quality of life is getting bigger and bigger. Besides, it has much poorer ground for living than the city. The current farming village maintenance project is adopting a different system now from the top-down project exclusively led by the government in the past to the bottom-up one reflecting how the residents think positively. Lack of the residents' understanding and education about the maintenance project, however, some of them are just focused on maintenance and development distorted from making a village where people want to live. Accordingly, this study will analyze the characteristics of farming villages by their types based on field research and spatial analysis using Space Syntax in order to develop more premeditated and effective maintenance plans to perform maintenance in farming area. As a result, When you install streetlights street lights should be installed at places with a high of Connectivity and spatial depth is deep. Based on this method, the research is going to suggest the current status of street furniture improvement in the villages and the proper positions for their future installation.

IMRT는 정밀한 입체조형 방사선량 분포를 얻을 수 있어서 종양의 모양에 맞추어 방사선량을 집중함으로써 종양에 들어가는 총방사선량을 증가시킬 수 있다. 그에 따라 적절한 증례에서는 국소제어율과 완치율 향상을 기대할 수 있다. 또한 여러 가지 표적에 대한 차별화된 방사선량을 분포시킬 수 있어서 종양부위를 포함 하면서도 동시에 종양 주위의 중요한 정상 장기를 보호 할 수 있으므로 국소 부작용을 감소시켜 환자의 삶의 질을 향상시킬 수 있다. IMRT는 일반적인 방사선치료보다 더 많은 방향에서 치료하고, MLC를 조절하여 세기를 조절한다. 치료할 부위는 MLC를 열고 보호해야 할 부위는 MLC를 닫고, 점진적으로 치료하기 때문에 선형가속기에서 사용되는 모니터단위(monitor unit, MU)는 일반적인 방사선치료보다 3-10배 많게 되므로 치료시간이 길게 된다. 그러므로 환자가 치료시간 동안 자세고정이 잘 되어야 IMRT를 시행할 수 있다. 또한 정상조직의 선량분포는 고선량을 받는 용적은 감소하고, 저선량을 받는 용적은 증가하게 된다. IMRT를 합리적으로 이용하게 되는 중요한 이유는 방사선치료에 의한 부작용의 감소이다. IMRT의 이용은 두경부암과 전체 유방을 치료해야 하는 유방암에서 근거수준1의 임상적 증거가 있어서 논쟁의 여지가 없으며, 전립선암 등 다른 부위의 종양들에서도 여러 수준의 임상적인 증거들이 있다. 생존율의 향상, 종양제 어율의 증가, 그 외 치료 유효성의 지표들에 대한 결과는 전반적으로 아직 확실한 결론이 나오지 않아서 앞으로 더욱 임상 연구가 필요하다.

This study aims to understand the degree of inequality of surveyed amenity resources and identify which resource and region have the highest concentration by estimating Lorenz Curve and the Gini's Coefficient. The Lorenz Curve and Gini's Coefficient derived from economics are introduced as tools for investigating and quantifying regional variability of amenity resources concentration. This study describes the concepts underlying the application of the Gini's coefficient to measure the concentration of amenity resources in 11 regions, Chungbuk Province, Korea. The Lorenz Curve presents a graphical view of the cumulative distribution of amenity resources and the Gini's Coefficient provides a single-parameter measure of the distributional concentration of amenity resources. Also the Gini's Coefficient is compared to the number of amenity resource for understanding distributional difference between concentration and quantitative distribution of amenity resources. The results demonstrate significantly different regional variation according to the amenity variables: almost intact nature, interaction between nature and man, man-made.

Land cover and land use change data are important in many studies including climate change and hydrological studies. Although the various theories and models have been developed, it is difficult to identify the driving factors of the land use change because land use change is related to policy options and natural and socio-economic conditions. This study is to attempt to simulate the land cover change using the CLUE model based on a statistical analysis of land-use change. CLUE model has dynamic modeling tools from the competition among land use change in between driving force and land use, so that this model depends on statistical relations between land use change and driving factors. In this study, Yongin, Icheon and Anseong were selected for the study areas, and binary logistic regression and factor analysis were performed verifying with ROC curve. Land cover probability map was also prepared to compare with the land cover data and higher probability areas are well matched with the present land cover demonstrating CLUE model applicability.

Rural amenity is regarded as a breakthrough that can revitalize the rural communities. The demand for rural amenity development is also increasing since the urban people have growing incomes and leisure time. This study was implemented to survey the needs and application directions of rural amenity database. The survey questionnaires were collected from various related groups including industry, universities, administration and research institute. Two kinds of analysis of variance (ANOVA) were carried out in order to prioritize the building rural amenity resource map among four user groups and ten rural amenity resources. The result of survey showed that most of respondents had been aware of amenity resources and the industry group had the highest level of utilization in making decisions for rural development. Although the significant difference among groups was not shown in the priority, the priority in the construction of information map was shown the significant difference among 10 kinds of amenity resources. Landscape's map and traditional resource map were relatively higher priority than the other resource map.

본 연구는 탁구선수의 경기력에 영향을 미치는 심리요인을 수집 및 유목화하여 경기력에 영향을 미치는 심리요인의 구조를 탐색하고 이들의 위계적 중요도를 분석한 것이다. 문헌조사와 492명의 탁구선수 및 지도자를 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 자료를 수집하였다. 문헌조사, 개방형 설문과 면접을 통해 탁구선수의 경기력에 영향을 미치는 394종의 심리요인을 수집하여 내용을 분석하였다. 내용분석결과를 바탕으로 선수와 지도자 239명을 대상으로 설문을 실시해 탐색적 요인분석에 활용하였으며, 이를 토대로 375명의 선수와 지도자를 대상으로 확인적 요인분석을 위한 설문을 실시하여 모델의 적합성을 검증하였다. 추출된 심리요인은 우수선수와 탁구전문가 30명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하여 설문 결과를 계층분석에 활용하였다. 연구결과 탁구선수의 경기력에 영향을 미치는 14종의 심리요인을 채택하였다. 채택된 심리요인은 “자신감”, “동기”, “불안조절”, “정서조절”의 네 요인으로 구조화 하였으며, 요인의 위계적 중요도는 동기(.273), 정서조절(.258), 자신감(.240), 불안조절(.229) 순으로 나타났다. 하위심리요인의 위계적 중요도는 자신 있게 치는 것(.094), 이길 수 있다는 생각(.078), 긍정적 사고(.077), 목표설정(.073), 몰입과 강인한 정신력(.072), 스트레스 관리(.071), 최선을 다하는 태도와 감정조절(.069), 부담감 제거(.068), 표정관리(.066), 승부근성(.065), 적극적인 플레이(.064), 실수를 빨리 잊기(.063) 순으로 나타났다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서는 탁구에서 필요한 심리요인의 구조를 확인하고 그에 대한 위계적 중요도를 평가하였다.

The aim of this study is to analyze the green-tourism centrality considering spatial interaction using Gravity Model and social network method. The degree centrality and prestige centrality were applied as green-tourism centrality index. The rural amenity resources and human resources were counted as attraction factors, and a distance among villages was used as friction factor in gravity model. The weights of rural tourism amenity resources were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP) method and applied to evaluate green-tourism potentiality. The distance was measured with the shortest path among villages using geographic information system(GIS) network analysis. The spatial interaction from gravity model were employed as link weights between nodal points; a pair villages. Using the spatial interaction, the degree-centrality and prestige-centrality indices were calculated by social network analysis and demonstrated possibility of developing integrated green-tourism region centered on high centrality villages.

The rural area has kept traditions and green open spaces highlighted in these days since the life quality elevated. Institute of Rural Resources Development has been conducting nation-wide survey project for rural amenity resources to construct the databases of rural amenity distribution and richness. Using surveyed data from the project, this study was implemented to evaluate rural amenity values based on SAW (Simple Additive Weighting) method considering two aspects including living and tourism amenity. For defining the set of evaluation criteria, the rural amenity resources were classified into almost intact nature resources(natural resources), interaction between nature and man resources(cultural resources) and man-made resources(social resources). The weighting values of the criteria were evaluated from the step wise pair-comparison results by AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. In the results of weighting values related to living amenity, social resources was the hightest ranked criterion (0.512), followed by cultural resources (0.245) and natural resources (0.243). On the other hand, the results related to tourism amenity was that weighting values of natural resources, cultural resources and social resources were 0.481, 0.340 and 0.179, respectively. The two aspects evaluation methods was applied to the selected 18 areas (Myeon administration level) in Chungcheongbuk Do. The results demonstrated the differences of amenity values for living conditions and tourism conditions and could be used for prioritizing rural amenity planning.

Due to the dramatic industrialization in Korea, rural area has been degraded with incurable problems including community aging, emptying and liabilities overburdens. Rural amenity, the intangible resources that the rural area itself has, is regarded as a breakthrough that can revitalize the rural communities. In fact, the rural area and communities have lots of amenity resources that have been overlooked. Rural area has kept traditions and open green spaces which are highlighted in these days since the life quality has been upgraded and working days in a week was cut off to 5 days. Institute of Rural Resources Development realized the importance of rural amenities and offered the nation wide survey project for rural amenity resources. In this article, the survey project that was implemented by the Korean Society of Rural Planning was narrated in terms of methodologies and procedures. Also the results and the problems were addressed.

본 연구는 고등학교 탁구선수의 운동스트레스원을 규명하고 이를 기초로 탁구선수의 운동스트레스 척도를 개발한 것이다. 이를 위하여 탁구선수의 운동스트레스원을 탐색하기 위한 과정과 예비문항을 제작하여 예비조사와 본조사의 과정을 거쳤다. 고등학교 탁구선수가 갖는 잠재적 스트레스 요인을 포괄적으로 탐색하기 위한 개방형 설문은 150명을 대상으로 직접 방문하여 실시하였다. 개방형 설문을 통해 494사례의 스트레스 상황이 수집되었으며, 이중에서 중복되거나 유사한 내용을 제외한 144사례의 원자료를 추출하였다. 원자료에 대한 세부영역과 일반영역의 귀납적 범주화 결과 39항의 세부영역으로 분류하였으며, 39항의 세부영역은 ① 지도력불만(117사례, 24%), ② 경기내용불만(69사례, 14%), ③ 운동기능불만(67사례, 14%), ④ 진로고민(51사례, 10%), ⑤ 심리적 압박감(30사례, 6%), ⑥ 여가불만(29사례, 6%), ⑦ 신체상태불만(28사례, 6%), ⑧ 연습불만(27사례, 5%)과 사생활불만(27사례, 5%), ⑨ 팀 동료와의 갈등(21사례, 4%), ⑩ 부모님에 대한 불만(20사례, 4%), ⑪ 기타(8사례, 2%) 등 12개 항목의 일반영역으로 분류하였다. 개방형 설문의 귀납적 범주화 결과를 바탕으로 62문항의 예비척도 문항을 제작하였으며, 남자 96명과 여자 102명 등 총 198명을 대상으로 예비조사를 실시하였다. 예비조사결과 기술통계와 신뢰도 분석을 거쳐 적절치 못한 20문항을 삭제하여 42문항의 본조사 도구를 확정하였다. 본조사는 남자 18개 팀의 103명과 여자 21개 팀 121명 등 총 224명의 고등학교 탁구선수를 대상으로 실시하였다. 본조사 결과 기술통계와 신뢰도 분석 그리고 탐색적 요인분석을 반복하여 최종적으로 25문항을 확정하였으며, 지도와 연습불만, 진로와 학업고민, 경기내용과 기능불만, 사생활불만의 4개 하위요인이 추출되었다. 확정된 고등학교 탁구선수 운동스트레스 검사지는 확인적 요인분석을 통하여 모델의 적합성을 검증하였다.

시판 pickling spice와 본 실험실에서 개발한 pickling spice를 사용하여 순무피클올 제조한 후 200(에서 저장하면서 이화학 석, 관능적 특성플 분석하였다. 염도, 환원당 함량, L, a 및 b 값, 기계적 경도 측정치는 두 시료간에 차이가 없었으나, 산 E는 본 실험섣에서 개발한 피클링 스파이스로 제조한 순무 페클(이하 순무피클M)이 시판되는 피클링 스파이스로 만든 피클(이하 순무피클P)에 비해 유의적으로 높았다(p