A new species of Discochiton Hodgson & Williams, 2018 collected on culms of Bambusa sp. (Poaceae) in Myanmar is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to D. expansum (Green, 1896), but distinct from it in having the legs four or five segmented, the preopercular pores associated with all four clear areas, and the 10–16 stigmatic spines on each cleft; in D. expansum, it has the legs reduced to single-segmented leg stub, the preopercular pores associated with two or three clear areas, and the 3–7 stigmatic spines.

Although the Hazen-Williams C factors are very important in the design, operation, and maintenance of water supply pipes, sufficient studies for them have been not reported in korea, which are based on experiments or measured data. Because of this, we have estimated C factors by measurement considering constraints in time precise safety diagnosis for multi-regional water supply system were performed. In this study, we confirmed constraints and variables characteristics of Hazen-Williams equation, and collected reliable C factors data of 174 by measurement, and analyzed their characteristics. According to collected data, the average value is 115.35, which is almost equal to the value of design standard or a little higher than it in korea. Also, among the equations suggested to determine C factor in the past, the C factors calculated by Sharp and Walski equation was closest to them in this study. In addition, to analyze collected C factors, use year and pipe diameter having high correlation with them were respectively divided into there categories. Analysis results showed that C factors evidently decreases depending on increases in use year, on the other hand, size of pipe diameter is proportional to value of them. In conclusion, this research showing evaluation and characteristics for C factors based on measured data will be used as practical reference in determining C factor in multi-regional water supply systems at a later date.

In this study, Hazen-Williams C value of pipes in wide waterworks system was estimated and statistically analyzed. Hazen-Williams C value of water pipe was predicted after 20 years of service period. From the results, it was found that C value of water pipe for treated water maintained higher value of 110 after 20 years of installation. Furthermore, it was found that velocity coefficients of steel pipe for less than and more than 20 years of installation were 117.7 and 109.3, respectively. C value of ductile iron pipe for less than and more than 20 years of installation were 118.1 and 114.2, respectively. In this study, it was also found that small value of C is used in the design of water pipe system. Therefore, excessively bigger size of pipe can be determined in the design of water pipe system. From the results of present study, optimum value of C can be used to avoid the oversized design of water pipe system.

구조물의 고유진동수가 너무 밀집되어 있거나 특성방정식의 부호가 영을 지나지 않고 갑자기 무한대가 되는 등의 불연속성이 존재하는 주파수 대역에 속해있는 고유진동수를 단순히 근을 찾는 수치해석 알고리듬만을 이용하여 모두 찾아내어 계산한다는 것은 그다지 쉬운 일이 아니다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점을 극복할 수 있는 휘트릭-월리엄즈 알고리듬을 탄성재층과 압전소자재층의 두개의 층이 적층되어 구성된 능동보의 스펙트럴요소모델에 대하여 유도하였다 유도된 알고리듬은 균일적층 능동보와 부분적층 능동보의 두 경우에 적용하여 그 결과를 평가하였다.

T. S. 엘리엇의 황무지와 윌리엄 카를로스 윌리엄스의 봄과 모든 것은 실험적인 추동력으로 모더니스트 시의 새로운 출발을 보여준 작 품이다. 혁신적인 시도라는 공통 기반이 있음에도 불구하고, 윌리엄스는 후속 세대에 끼치는 엘리엇의 영향을 부패와 독이라고 신랄하게 비판한 다. 본 연구는 이 두 작가의 서한문을 읽고 엘리엇과 윌리엄스의 서로 에 대한 견해를 살펴보며, 황무지의 제1부, 주검의 매장 과 봄과 모든 것의 첫 번째 시작품, 봄과 모든 것 을 비교한다. 특히 쉬클로 프스키의 “낯설게 하기” 개념을 염두에 두고, 본고는 “삶의 감각을 회 복”하기 위해 엘리엇과 윌리엄스가 어떻게 봄의 풍경을 제시하고 다양 한 기법을 활용하는지 면밀하게 분석한다. 주검의 매장 은 여러 종류 의 인유, 불명확한 화자들, 구절 간의 불안정한 관계 등으로 독자의 지 각을 낯설게, 느리게, 어렵게 한다. 봄과 모든 것 은 일상적인 풍경 가운데 세부적인 것들을 하나씩 하나씩 세심하게 보도록 독자를 천천히 이끌어가면서, 익숙한 대상들을 낯설게 느끼게 한다. 윌리엄스는 “낯설 게 하기”의 방식으로 행갈이, 분리된 구문 등을 사용하여, 시행의 단위 와 감각의 단위 간의 긴장을 꾀하는 것이다. 엘리엇과 윌리엄스가 종종 대척적인 작가로 간주되지만, 1920년대의 다양한 모더니즘을 회고해 볼 때, 문학의 맥락을 확장하고, 새로운 지각의 방식을 탐구한 점에서 그들 은 유사한 도전적인 흐름의 핵심 인물인 것이다.

It seems that persecution is not an appropriate subject of discussion in the time of 'no' persecution. Looking back over the history of Christianity, however, one finds that persecution has been one of the main concerns for all times. Persecution for cause of personal conviction and practice has been a dark side of human history, whether religious or political. That the religion whose main teaching is 'to love God' and 'to love others' has been a protagonist of 'hating and hurting others' in history must be blasphemous to its God and hypocritical to humanity. Baptists have been more the persecuted than persecutors in their history. Baptists were from the beginning the persecuted. Just as Anabaptists in sixteenth-century were persecuted by both Catholics and Protestants, Baptists were persecuted by both the then established church, the Church of England, and reforming Puritans. They have shaped their convictions, theology, and way of life through dealing with persecution, including the concept of religious liberty and separation of church and state. Roger Williams initiated the movement of religious liberty in American history. From the very beginning of his life in America, he was driven to struggling for 'soul liberty' and building a 'wall of separation' between the church and the state. Persecution was always there as he fought through his activities and writings in Old England and New. Persecution was a negative experience that made Williams go beyond orthodox Puritanism and reach the idea of religious liberty and separation of church and state. This paper is an investigation as to how persecution had an effect on Williams's view of religious liberty and separation of church and state. Chapter one is introductory comments. Chapter two sketches Williams's life around persecution and the New England situation of the time. Chapter three deals with different perspectives on his view of persecution: biblical, historical, ecclesiastical, and civil. Chapter four is implication and conclusion.