Almost all buildings and infrastructures made of advanced composite materials are fabricated without proper design. Unlike airplanes or automobiles, prototype test is impossible. One cannot destroy 10 story buildings or 100-meter long span bridges. People try to build 100-story buildings or several thousand meter long span bridges. In order to realize "composites in construction", the following subjects must be studied in detail, for his design. Simple method of analysis, Folded plate theory, Size effects in failure, and Critical natural frequency. Unlike the design procedure with conventional materials, his design should include material design, selection of manufacturing methods, and quality control methods, in addition to the fabrication method. In this paper, folded plate theory are presented for practicing engineers.

We carried out a dynamic instability assessment of carbon nanotube reinforced composite (CNTRC) and carbon nanotubes/fiber/polymer composite (CNTFPC) skew plates based on the high-order shear deformation plate theory (HSDT). The multiscale interactions between carbon nanotube (CNT) ratios and skew angles on the dynamic instability for various length-thickness ratios are studied using a two-dimensional finite element model developed for this study. The results were verified by those reported in the literature show the interactions between the CNT reinforcement and skew angles in the skew laminate. Numerical examples show the importance of CNT reinforcement when assessing the dynamic instability of CNTRC and CNTFPC skew plates.

In this paper, the method of vibration analysis for calculating the natural frequency is presented. This method is a simple but exact method of calculating natural frequencies corresponding to the modes of vibration for the cantilevered composite materials conical beam. The influence of natural frequency of the cantilevered composite materials conical beam is presented. This method may be extended to stability analysis of complex structureal elements.

This study investigates the trend on application technologies of advanced composite materials and outlook on research development to the challenges associated with innovative applications of advanced composite materials in construction: 1) initiation of new construction materials; 2) development of rehabilitation techniques for aging infrastructural systems; 3) implementation of greener construction approaches; and 4) introduction of multifunctional advanced composite materials. This fundamental investigation will assure wide field implementation of advanced composite materials in construction.

Nowadays, advanced composite material are widely used in civil & architectural structures. Analysis of foam core sandwich bridges for simple supported made by advanced composite materials is presented in this paper. For the design of advanced composite materials bridge, foam core shape is economical and profitable. Navier’s solutions are compared in this paper to verify the authenticity of Finite Difference Method. Finite Difference Method is used for analysis of the pertinent problems. In this study, reduction rate of tensile strength for E-glass fibers due to increase in size, strength reduction ratios of according to mass, stress changes according to form core height and safety ratio due to increase form core height is presented. Tasi-Wu failure strength theory are used. Strength reduction is necessary for safe design of a structures.

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate to the practicing engineers, how to apply the advanced composite materials theory to the slab bridges. For general construction material used, there is certain theoretical limit in sizes. For super slab bridges construction, the reduction in panel weight is the first step to take in order to break such size limits. For a typical slab bridges panel, both concrete and advanced composite sandwich panels are considered. The concrete panel is treated as a special orthotropic plate. Advanced composite sandwich panels are considered as a self-weights less than one tenth of that of concrete panel, with deflections less than that of the concrete panel. This conclusion gives good guide line for design of the light weight of slab bridges.

PURPOSES: This paper aims to give a guideline and the way to apply the advanced composite materials theory to the road structures with different cross sections to the practicing engineers. METHODS: To simple but exact method of calculating natural frequencies corresponding to the modes of vibration of road structures with different cross sections and arbitrary boundary conditions. The effect of the D22 stiffness on the natural frequency is rigorously investigated. RESULTS: Simple method of vibration analysis for calculating the natural frequency of the different cross sections is presented. CONCLUSIONS: Simple method of vibration analysis for calculating the natural frequency of the different cross sections is presented. This method is a simple but exact method of calculating natural frequencies of the road structures with different cross sections. This method is extended to be applied to two dimensional problems including composite laminated road structures.

PURPOSES: Current theories for composite structures are too difficult for design engineers for construction. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate to the practicing engineers, how to apply the advanced composite materials theory to the road structures. METHODS: Some laminate orientations have decreasing values of D16, B16, D26 and B26 stiffnesses as the ply number increases. The plate aspect ratio considered is from 1 to 5. In order to study the effect of Mx on the equilibrium equations, two cases are considered. Mx term is considered or neglected. RESULTS: Most of the road structures have high aspect ratios, for such cases further simplification is possible by neglecting the effect of the longitudinal moment terms. CONCLUSIONS: Most of the road structures have plate aspect ratios higher than 2. It is concluded that, for all boundary conditions, neglecting the longitudinal moment(Mx) terms is acceptable if the aspect ratio (a/b) is equal to or higher than 2. This conclusion gives good guide line for design of the road structures.

본 연구에서는 1차항 판이론에 기반한 적층된 ACM 경사판의 기하학적 비선형 동적해석을 수행하였다. 비선형 동 적해를 구하기 위하여 Newmark 방법과 Newton-Raphson 반복법을 혼용하여 적용하였다. 본 연구에서 개발한 유한요 소 해석프로그램을 사용하여 경사각도와 적층 배열의 변화가 판의 기하학적 비선형 거동에 미치는 영향을 상세 분 석하였다. 몇 가지 수치해석 결과는 기존 연구자로부터 얻어진 결과와 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 새 로운 결과는 경사 적층 구조의 경사각도와 적층 배열과의 중요한 상호관계를 보여준다. 몇 가지 수치예제는 ACM 경사 적층판을 설계하는데 필요한 가이드라인을 제시하였다.

In this paper, the analysis of impact damage behavior of a reinforced concrete structure that undergoes both a shock impulsive loading and an impact loading due to the air blast induced from an explosion is performed. Firstly, a pair of multiple loadings are selected from the scenario that an imaginary explosion accident is assumed. The RC structures strengthened with advanced composite materials (ACM) are considered as a scheme for retrofitting RC wall structures subjected to multiple explosive loadings and then the evaluation of the resistant performance against them is presented in comparison with the result of the evaluation of a RC structure without a retrofit. Also, in order to derive the result of the analysis similar to that of real explosion experiments, which require the vast investment and expense for facilities, the constitutive equation and the equation of state (EOS) which can describe the real impact and shock phenomena accurately are included with them. In addition, the numerical simulations of two concrete structures are achieved using AUTODYN-3D, an explicit analysis program, in order to prove the retrofit performance of a ACM-strengthened RC wall structure.

The marine structures with sea water cooling system always expose to the oceanic atmosphere. Therefore, the protection of the equipments is very important. To investigate the effectiveness of advanced composite materials for the application in offshore environments, the tensile test, hardness test, undercutting property test, permeance test and the friction and wear test were carried out by using various applicable coating materials. The main results obtained can be summarized as follows; 1. The micro-hardness of the Archcoat 502B showed the highest value. 2. The coefficient of friction of the Rigspray coating at the speed of 2.21m/sec showed the lowest value, and that of the Archcoat 502B coating at 1.08m/sec and 0.18m/sec indicated the lowest values. 3. The wear mass at the speed of 0.18m/sec and 1.08m/sec in dry condition showed the smallest values. 4. The Archcoat 502B coating is fitted to the dynamic instruments in the range of low speed and middle speed. Rigspray coating is fitted to the dynamic instruments in the range of high speed. 5. The wear mass of five kinds of coating materials at the range of low speed was very small, and those of the Archcoat S02B, Archcoat 402B and Rigspray coating at high speed range were quitely smaller than those of the Modified Epoxy and Tar Epoxy.