Callosobruchus chinensis (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) is a cosmopolitan pest of stored grain legumes. This study assessed the effects of short-term exposure to low-temperatures (4, 0, and -4℃) and seven durations of storage (1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 days) on the survival, development, and adult performance of C. chinensis in laboratory. The effects were studied on three life stages (egg, larva [2-3 instar], and pupa) of C. chinensis. The results showed that low-temperature have significant effects on the life variables of C. chinensis. Among the stages, egg and pupa stages were most sensitive to low-temperature. The very low survival rates of eggs and no pupa survived at –4℃ after 10 days storage. Cold exposure at -4℃ not only increased egg and pupa mortality, but the negative effects also transmitted to the larvae and pupa developed from these eggs. Increasing the duration of cold exposure further reduced survival rates. Low-temperature treatments have also affected on the adult performances such as adult weight. However, there were not any negative effects of low-temperatures on the seed germination. The life variables of C. chinensis are discussed in terms of targeting particular susceptibilities to low-temperatures in different storage duration as an alternative to chemical treatments.

To investigate the oviposition preference and development of azuki bean weevil (Callosobruchus chinensis L.), the following six different leguminous seeds were used in this study: red bean (Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi), black soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), seoritae (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), small black bean (Rhynchosia nulubilis) and kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris var. humilis Alef.). In the study of oviposition preference, the numbers of eggs per leguminous seed on red bean, black soybean, soybean, seoritae and small black bean were 1.23, 0.61, 0.69, 1.05 and 1.13, respectively. The maximum daily number of eggs was observed at 48 hours and the minimum was at 96 hours. According to each host leguminous seed, developmental time for each host seed was different. The shortest adult emergence time was on red bean (25.27 days). The other five leguminous seeds increased or doubled the adult emergence time. Adult emergence rates feeding on red bean, seoritae, black soybean, soybean, small black bean were 83.33%, 28.23%, 27.87%, 20.44%, and 11.59%, respectively. Emergence rate on red bean was four times higher than the rate on other seeds. The longevity of emerged female adults was almost all longer than that of males. The male adults weighed the lowest of feeding on small black bean. Female adults weighed the lowest of feeding on soybean. Adult weights were the heaviest for both males and females feeding on red bean. As a result, hosts of azuki bean weevil could decrease oviposition rate, emergence rate, adult longevity, and adult weight but increase emergence time. Especially in kidney bean, adult was not completely emerged. No eggs were laid. These results suggest that there might be emergence inhibitors in kidney bean. These imformation might be used to control damages caused by azuki bean weevils.

저장중(貯藏中)의 두류(豆類)에 대(對)한 팥바구미의 산란(産卵).식이(食餌) 및 우화(羽化)에 미치는 온도(溫度)의 영향(影響)과 식이선호적(食餌選好的)인 기주(寄主)와 비선호적(非選好的)인 기주간(寄主間)의 산란(産卵).부화(孵化) 및 우화(羽化), 피해종자(被害種子)의 발아율(發芽率)을 조사(調査)한 바 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. 팥바구미는 상온조건(常溫條件)에서 연(年) 4회(回) 발생(發生), 유충태(幼蟲態)로 종자내(種子內)에서 월동(越冬)하였다. 2. 팥바구미의 산란적온(産卵適溫)은 범위(範圍)였으며 기주별(寄主別) 산란선호성(産卵選好性)은 팥>녹두>콩>강낭콩>검은콩>완두 순(順)이었다. 3. 생육최적온도(生育最適溫度)인 에서 기주별(寄主別) 팥바구미의 평균(平均) 우화일수(羽化日數)를 보면 팥 29일(日), 녹두 31일(日), 콩 49일(日), 검은콩 46일(日), 완두 34일(日)이었다. 4. 기주별(寄主別) 팥바구미의 부화율(孵化率)은 팥>녹두>콩>완두>검은콩>강낭콩 순(順)이었고, 우화율(羽化率)은 팥>녹두>완두>검은콩>콩>강낭콩 순(順)으로 팥과 녹두는 부화율(孵化率) 및 우화율(羽化率)이 높았고 콩, 완두, 검은콩은 부화율(孵化率)은 높았으나 우화율(羽化率)이 낮았으며 강낭콩은 부화(孵化)는 되었으나 전혀 우화(羽化)가 되지 않았다. 5. 성충(成蟲)의 수명(壽命)은 에서 일(日) 에서 일(日), 에서 일(日), 에서 일(日)로 고온조건(高溫條件)에서 짧았고 저온(低溫)에서 길어졌다. 6. 식이비선호적(食餌非選好的) 기주(寄主)인 강낭콩의 종피(種皮) 및 배유(胚乳)에는 산란(産卵)은 되었으나 부화후(孵化後) 발육(發育)이 되지 않았고 자엽(子葉) 및 배부위(胚部位)는 산란(産卵)도 되지 않았다. 7. 산란립(産卵粒)과 피해립(被害粒)은 발아율(發芽率)이 낮았는데 특(特)히 피해립(被害粒) 팥은 0%, 검은콩 5%, 완두는 7%의 낮은 발아율(發芽率)을 보였다.