요즘은 4차산업혁명으로 교과별 AI(인공지능) 교육이 점점 강화되는 추세이다. 이런 관점에서 연구자는 2021학년도 1학기에 S중학교 한문 AI(인공지능)동아리 학생을 대상으로 AI(인공지능) 활용 한문교육으로 지식정보처리역량을 길러주는 사례를 찾아 제시하고자 하였다. 연구자는 먼저 엠블럭 프로그램의 인공지능 기능 곧, 음성변환, 번역, 인식서비스, 기계학습을 활 용하여 한문 교육을 하였다. 번역에서는 한국어와 한문 사이의 번역에 활용하였고, 인식서비스에서 는 언어소리인식은 한국어 또는 한문을 인식하는데 활용하였고, 언어문자인식은 한자 자형을 인식 하는데 활용하였고, 이미지 인식은 한자 자형을 인식하는데 활용하였고, 이미지 묘사는 한문 관련 이미지 묘사를 설명하는데 활용하였고, 기계학습에서는 한자 자형을 기계학습하는데 활용하였다. 다음으로 머신러닝포키즈 프로그램을 활용하여 인성을 인공지능으로 만드는 한문교육을 하였다. 다시 말하면 텍스트를 활용하여 선행, 악행, 효도, 불효, 신뢰, 불신이라는 인공지능을 만드는 한문교 육을 하였다. 이와 같은 한문교육으로 학생들은 스스로 AI(인공지능) 활용 한문교육으로 지식정보처리역량을 기르는 사례를 다소나마 익히게 되었다. 한편으로 지식정보처리역량 개발에서 실험집단이 작아서 그 결과를 일반화하기 어렵지만, 어느 정도 변화는 감지할 수 있었다. 앞으로 해당 학년 학생 모두 를 대상으로 하는 연구가 이루어지면 소기의 결과를 얻을 수 있으리라 생각된다.

본 연구는 M여자중학교와 U중학교의 2학년 학생들에게 올바른 일상 언어생활을 위하여 한자학습이 필요하다는 것을 느끼게 해주고, 또, 일상 언어생활의 한자어휘로 두 학교 학생들에게 창의적 사고역량, 지식정보처리역량을 길러주고자 하는데 있다. 연구자는 먼저 신문, 방송, 가요, 교과서에서 한자어휘를 찾아서 직접 읽고 쓰거나 조어기법으로 한자어휘 만드는 것을 통하여 한자학습의 필요성을 느끼게 하였고, 둘째, 일상 언어 생활의 한자어휘를 가지고 새로운 한자어휘들을 만들어내는 브레인스토밍, 임의의 3개의 한자어휘를 활용하여 글쓰기를 하는 강제결합법, 8개의 한자어휘를 활용하여 글쓰기를 하는 연꽃기법, 한글 노래가사를 한자 노래가사로 바꾸는 스캠퍼기법, 한자어휘 끝말잇기를 하는 통제연상법을 통하여 창의적 사고 역량을 길러주고자 하였고, 셋째, 휴대폰 어플 웹툰캐, 워드클라우드, 오토랩, 싱플레이, 플리파클립 을 활용하여 지식정보처리역량을 길러주고자 하였다. 창의적 사고역량 개발 측면에서는 M여자중학교가 다소 유의미한 결과가 있었지만 U중학교는 그렇지 못했다. 그런데 지식정보처리역량 개발 측면에서는 U중학교가 다소 유의미한 결과가 있었지만, M여자중학교는 그렇지 못했다. 또, 수업만족도와 한자학습의 필요성 측면에서는 M여자중학교가 다소 유의미한 결과가 있었지만 U중학교는 그렇지 못했다.

This study investigated how pre-service English teachers develop and use MICT (mobile information and communication technology)-TPACK (technological pedagogy and content knowledge) to select and use mobile applications for their micro teaching in a pre-service teacher training program. Although mobile technology has rapidly developed with the adoption of mobile multimedia devices and applications, the use of pre-service teachers’ TPACK is still limited to lower-level searches and to a mere tool for content presentations. The participants were nine students in a pre-service teacher training course in a four-year women’s university. Several research methods such as surveys, participant observations, micro teaching and interviews were utilized. The results of the study show the concept of TPACK needs to be extended to MICT-TPACK in this mobile age. The use of pre-service English teachers’ MICT-TPACK impacted and changed their concept of pedagogy to heutagogy. The teachers used mobile applications to facilitate their students’ inquiry-based learning of English as a subject as well as a medium of digital literacy. In order to select mobile applications for their lesson, the teachers developed a modified version of quality criteria for mobile applications. This study suggests there should be well-developed quality criteria for evaluating affordances of mobile applications.

This paper presents how Digital Knowledge Ecosystem such as “Govi Nena” (translates as agriculture intelligence) can be used to provide a more effective and practical solution to eliminate the inefficiencies in agricultural markets and achieve higher productivity and price stability. In order to establish the framework to analyze the system, this paper uses a set of hypothetical scenarios faced by value chain actors based on a review of the literature, established knowledge and recent developing country experiences. The scenario analysis reveals that “Govi Nena” enables farmers to make effective production decisions, deepens the level of value chain integration, and enhances the level of welfare for the society as a whole.

Information and communication technologies (ICTs) have always mattered in agriculture too. In day-to-day practices of agriculture and allied sectors, the farmers often share their information. Changing weather patterns, soil conditions, pests and diseases always throw challenges to small and marginal farmers. So, the farmer needs up-dated information to cope with and even benefit from these changes. In the developing countries like India, where agriculture still plays a crucial role (over 58% of the rural households depend on agriculture as their livelihood) and the rising population from 1027 million to 1419 million during 2001-16 (a total rise of 38 percent or 1.3 percent per year) pose a lot of pressure on land and other resources to meet the food security needs on one hand and to meet the challenges of globalization on the other. Understanding and addressing these challenges are very crucial, in which ICT can play a major role. With the booming mobile, wireless, and Internet industries, ICT has found a foothold even in poor marginal and smallholder farms and in their activities. The survey conducted among the 120 farmers in Srikakulam district in India revealed that, ICT has revolutionized the agriculture in the modern days. Production and marketing information is accessed by 91% of the sample farmers through mobile in 2015, where it was only 5% in 2005. The extent of use of mobile phones by the farmers varied with the decision to be taken by them like Harvesting, packing, and storing (94%), Selling Decision (91%), Seed purchase (89%), Application of fertilizers and pesticides (88%) and Land preparation and planting (84%), other package of practices (77%). The farmers further opined that, ‘Voice’ was the dominating source of communication (96%) compared to Short Message Service (SMS) (only 27%) and Internet access (10%), as majority are illiterate. The use of camera (71%), Bluetooth (33%), Radio (61%) TV (41%) are the other means of sharing the information. In this context of importance of ICTs in Indian agriculture, greater attention justifies about the applications of ICT’s to alleviate poverty and promote economic growth of the farming population.

This paper reviewed the relationship between information technology system and knowledge management activities, and the moderating effect of industrial type. The results of multiple regression analysis, based on the responses from 219 employees in manufacturing and financing service sector, showed that information technology infrastructure and information technology usage have positive effects on knowledge acquisition, knowledge transfer, and knowledge usage. In moderating effects, information technology infrastructure more positively related with knowledge acquisition in financing service sector than in manufacturing sector. And also information technology usage more positively related with knowledge transfer in financing service sector than in manufacturing sector.

The development of informatization impacts all sectors, including agriculture. Agricultural informatization builds the knowledge linkage structures of agricultural innovation systems globally. This study investigated the global knowledge linkage structures in agricultural innovation pertinent to information technology (IT) for agricultural research and development (R&D) investments and activities. We explored the longitudinal trend of systemness within the networked research relationships in the triple helix (TH) of the university, industry and government (UIG). We collected data from publications in the Science Citation Index (SCI), the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), and the Arts and Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI) to analyze the TH network dynamics. We also performed a scientometrics analysis to quantitatively identify the knowledge and insights of global agricultural innovation structures. These results could be informative for individual countries. Our findings reveal that the global knowledge linkage structures in the agricultural sector that are pertinent to IT fluctuate widely and fail to increase the capacity of agricultural innovation research due to a neglect of the network effects of the TH dynamics of UIG.

Coordination has been identified as a concern in the cross-cutting issues of food security and nutrition (FSN) in Cambodia. Food Security and Nutrition Information System (FSNIS) in Cambodia is the only “entry portalˮ to support policy formulation and decision-making with regard to FSN. While this knowledge and information management system has earned a respectful reputation, Council for Agricultural and Rural Development (CARD) faces many challenges in the implementation of the system. This paper will present how FSNIS has been developed and impacts on policy or strategy related to FSN. In addition, sustainability of the system is a key challenge for FSNIS; yet it is interesting to see how it works. Along with a success story, FSNIS is recognized by its stakeholders as the most successful knowledge and information management system in the field of FSN in Cambodia.

As various types of information technology systems are becoming more pervasive than ever, many studies have evaluated the systems from the user perspective. Some of them have used surveys to measure consumers’ cognitive responses to the target technology. However, this method may cause problems if the survey participants do not have a useful frame of reference for evaluating an unfamiliar system. To examine this issue, the current study empirically tested the effect of personal product knowledge on the predictability of a behavioral model, such as Technology Acceptance Model. A series of measurement invariance tests as well as multi-group comparison tests were conducted for rigorous examination of the data. Our analysis showed that the variance of attitude that is explained by the two believes (perceived usefulness and ease of use) was relatively small when the survey respondents had lower amount of product knowledge. Moreover, the group had weaker causal relationship between attitude and intention to use the technology, hindering the predictability of the research model. The results indicated that respondents should have a certain amount of knowledge of the target system in order to form accurate beliefs and behavioral decisions. The findings of this study provide important implications on sampling strategies for researchers with new technology.

Agricultural information was discussed for suggesting tasks and solutions of knowledge based information system. States of agricultural information systems in rural development administration were described and problems and tasks were summarized in knowledge needs survey of farmers who have to decide many alternatives for farming. Hard to access information are soil state, disease and insect pest. Important information in agriculture are water, soil fertility, soil physical property, and accessibility from main road. In conclusion, knowledge based agricultural information system can be developed based on surveyed needs.