This study was to investigate the firing method of limestone in Joseon Dynasty, and analyze the physical·chemical properties of lime mortars in Joseon Dynasty. This study was to manufacture and evaluate the firing experiment and mortar of Limestone by each sort in order to reproduce the traditional lime mortars in Joseon Dynasty, and investigate the behavior to improve physical properties according to the firing method of Limestone. This study has found out that there were screening criteria and standard of appropriate firing temperature about the Limestone in Joseon Dynasty. Accordingly, this study was to improve its strength through various additives and mixture. In particular, in case of Limestone, the black and blue Limestone were preferred, and most of domestic Limestones were low grade Limestone including the clay and took ivory white or blue with low whiteness. This study has shown that the low grade Limestone was mined by the surface mining compared with the high grade Limestone as underground mining method, and could be used because it was easy to mine relatively and there was possibility that Natural Hydraulic Lime(NHL) was used with the traditional lime mortars in Joseon Dynasty.

The bricks in Myung Dong Cathedral Church are now deteriorated by the weather such as temperature, humidity, and winds. Thus it is necessary to replace the old bricks to the restored bricks for the load bearing capacity as well as to prevent the penetrations of rains from outside. However the mortar composition is not well defined at this moment and there are literary about the mortar completions. Thus it is necessary to verify the mortar compactions between old bricks and results to bring the restoring the mortar for the replace of new bricks. The particles of mortar was collected from Myung Dong Cathedral Church and particle size was analyzed by the mortar and pestle and mechanicle floater. The X-ray diffraction and XRF of each particles are analyzed. The quartz and feldspar such as albite, kaolinite are observed in large particles(>1mm). However, the clicite was observed at lower than $43{\mu}m$ particles. In XRF analysis, the $SiO_2\;and\;K_2O$ are observed at large particles$(1mm-208{\mu}m)\;and\;CaCO_3$ is observed at small particles$(208-43{\mu}m)\;and\;CaCO_3$ is observed at small particles($208-43{\mu}m$). This is well coincide with XRD results. The optimum volume ratio of lime mortar would be 1: 2 ($CaO: SiO_2$).

This study was conducted to improve the economy, quality, and load of Soil paving concrete by using waste materials such as Oystery and Dolomitic to solve strength reduction and durability reduction caused by hardening agents in Korea. According to the results of the study, for the curing expenses, the Fine part agreement (FC) and the Furnace slag power lower (BS) are 5:5, It was possible to verify that the best results were obtained in terms of the quality of cement mortar when the natural organic lime and dolomitic lime were mixed at a ratio of 5:5.

최근 생태․친환경 건축이 화두로 등장하면서 친환경 건축재료인 점토벽돌과 공기의 흐름과 수분의 이동이 가능한 석회모르타르의 사용이 증가하고 있다. 하지만 국내 연구는 콘크리트벽돌과 시멘트모르타르에 집중되고 있어 점토벽돌 및 석회모르타르에 대한 연구가 거의 없는 실정이며, 조적조의 국내 기준 또한 국내에서 사용되는 재료와 다른 물리적 값을 사용하고 있는 국외기준을 바탕으로 제정되어 국내 실정을 적절히 반영하지 못하고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 프리즘압축강도, 부착강도, 전단 및 사인장강도 실험을 통해 점토벽돌과 석회모르타르를 사용한 조적구조의 물리적 특성을 파악하고자 한다. 또한, 콘크리트벽돌과 시멘트모르타르를 사용한 조적구조와의 물리적 특성을 비교분석하여 국내 조적기준을 개정하기 위한 근거를 제시하고자 한다. 점토벽돌과 석회모르타르를 적용한 조적구조는 콘크리트벽돌과 시멘트모르타르를 사용한 조적구조와는 다른 양상을 보이므로 점토벽돌과 석회모르타르를 적용한 조적구조의 프리즘압축강도와 탄성계수에 대한 추정식을 제안한다.

50년 이상 경과된 조적조 건축물은 석회모르타르로 시공되었으나 보수공사 시 시멘트모르타르를 사용하여 기존 재료와의 상이함으로 인한 문제가 다수 발생하였다. 또한, 조적조 건축물의 보수공사 시 참고할 수 있는 석회모르타르에 대한 객관화된 자료의 부족과 상세기준이 없으며, 미숙련 조적공의 시공으로 인하여 건축물의 객관적인 구조성능을 평가하기가 어렵다. 조적조 건축물의 원형을 보존하기 위해서는 해당 건물의 재료와 기법에 대한 기술사적 연구가 중요하다. 그러므로 본 연구는 석회모르타르의 배합비, 배합재료, 양생기간 및 조건 등에 따른 압축강도 실험을 행하고, 이를 토대로 시멘트모르타르와 석회모르타르를 비교분석하여 석회모르타르의 구조적 특성을 정리한다.