This study discusses various conflict situations and unexpressed pathological potential in historical regions. In this regard, the issue of alienation of local people due to local identity was raised and the cause was investigated. It explains the structural origins of local alienation that occurred in the process of objectifying a region and forming its identity. The process of alienation of local residents of local identity identified in this paper was divided and explained in three stages: objectification of the region, symbolization of local identity, and religious materialism of local identity. In addition, in the process, the incorporation of the production mode of intellectual work, the separation of producers, and the loss of the subject-centered control ability over these products were pointed out as problematic situations. The study suggests to change the perception of the region and to restore the control of the local people through narrative in relation to this problematic situation. Thus, this thesis asserts that we need to have doubts about the justification for the public good and the basis of the resulting consensus, and that we should be constantly interested in the pathological signs of society around us.

The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands has so far two significant COPs in Asia: COP5 in Kushiro, Japan in 1993 and COP10 in Changwon, South Korea, in 2008. The Convention itself is an intergovernmental mechanism. 　 However, the mission of the Convention – conservation of wetlands and wetland resources – can only be achieved by participation of local municipalities and people. Besides, the Ramsar Convention has another unique aspect compared with other biodiversity-related treaties/conventions: it is created by NGOs and still located within an international NGO, namely IUCN. Therefore, it is crucial for wetland conservation to promote partnerships between the central government and local government as well as among people, NGOs and private sectors. Experiences of the Ramsar Kushiro Conference tell us that two factors are important to make real local participation possible: 1) CEPA; and 2) sense of meaningfulness. If you don’t know the purpose of the Convention and the COP, you are hardly interested in its preparation. So somebody should prepare some handy promotional kits for people to understand the purpose of conservation. We compiled various materials, requested experts/scientists to deliver lectures for teachers, taxi drivers, restaurants owners and waiters, hotel receptionists and kids. If possible, it is desirable to have a series of articles on local and national newspapers. You did attend the Conference, but once it’s over you tend to forget everything? If you feel you did contribute to something meaningful, you would like to continue doing something for it. In case of Kushiro City, it established the Kushiro International Wetland Center in early 1995. KIWC functions as a network of various wetland centers in the Kushiro region. JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) and KIWC have organized many international training courses not only for wetland managers but also for other conservation-related personnel. JICA has signed an MoU with the Ramsar Secretariat, and KIWC will host the EAAFP (East Asia - Australasian Flyway Partnership) meeting early next year. These efforts have been carried out for twenty years and will continue for future generations.

복지 발전과 비례로 장애인에 대한 인식의 변화가 함께 변하기보다는 장애인 시설에 대한 님비현상이 심하게 됨으로 시설에서 지역주민들과의 교류가 필요하지만 잘 이루어지지 않는 실정이다. 이와 함께 장애인은 지역사회에서 떨어져서 시설에서만 생활하다보니 사회적인 능력이 약하고 여러 가지 문제 행동이 나타났다. 이에 일반인과 장애인이 함께 통합 할 수 있는 원예치료 프로그램을 통해서 장애인에게는 행동적 변화와 대인관계능력의 향상을 일반인에게는 자아존중감과 시설에 대한 인식도에 대한 변화를 주고자 하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 원예치료를 일반인과 지적장애인이 함께 함으로 일반인과 장애인에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 I시의 S시설 지적 장애인 8명과 지역주민 8명을 대상으로 실시하였다. 실시한 결과 생활에서는 장애인과 사회심리정서적 행동과 대인관계 능력이 향상되는 것을 볼 수 있었고 일반인 자아존중감과 장애 시설에 대한 인식도가 향상된 것을 볼 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 지적장애인에게 원예치료를 실시한 연구와 유사하며 일반인에게도 실시한 연구와도 비슷한 결과를 볼 수 있었다. 이는 원예치료가 장애인과 일반이 함께 원예치료를 즐기고 이를 반복적으로 하면서 성취감을 느끼게 하기 때문이다. 장애시설에서 단순히 지역주민에게 도움을 받는 것만이 아니라 함께 나누고 즐길 수 있는 프로그램을 실시 함으로 시설에 대한 부정적인 인식을 줄이고 장애인은 지역주민 함께 하면서 삶이 더 윤택할 수 있도록 할 수 있는 것을 알아보았다. 추후에 기간을 길게 하고 다양한 계층과 교류할 수 있는 원예치료 프로그램을 다양화 하며 이에 대한 개발이 필요하다고 생각된다.