Laurencia is a red algal genus that was described by J.V. Lamouroux in 1813. The main characteristics of this genus have been known as the presence of four pericentral cells in an axial segment, secondary pit connections between adjacent epidermal cells, and the presence of corps en cerise in both epidermal and trichoblast cells. Additionally, the tetrasporangia are arranged in a parallel manner, and male branches feature terminal cup-shaped spermatangial pits. Currently, sixteen Korean Laurencia species have been reported based on their morphological characteristics. In this study, Laurencia decussata and L. pacifica have been added as new records to the Korean algal flora based on a combination of morphological observations and molecular analyses of rbcL sequences. Laurencia decussata has expanded from Australia and New Zealand to Korea, while the distribution of L. pacifica has expanded from USA and Mexico to Korea.

The genus Apolygus China (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae), comprising 64 species in the world, is one of the most diverse groups in the subfamily Mirinae, including well-known insect pests such as A. spinolae and A. lucorum. A total of 56 species are known in the Palaearctic Region up to date, and most of them have been described from China (28 species), Japan (26 species) and Russia (13 species) respectively. In this talk, taxonomic study on the genus Apolygus from the Korean Peninsula is presented with three Apolygus sp. nov. and two newly recorded species. Photographs and illustrations of diagnostic characters and biological information such as host plants and distributions for each species, and a key to the Korean species are provided. Besides, COI barcoding as a diagnostic tool for this group is discussed emphasizing on the low genetic distances between some species.

Macrosiphini is the most largest group in aphids, comprising near half of the described aphid species. The existence of Macrosiphini could be related to host alternation and various life cycle. Since the phylogenetic relationship of the tribe Macrosiphini has been still controversial, we analyzed Bayesian phylogeny (BP) and Maximum-likelihood (ML) based on molecular data (cytochrome oxidase I, tRNA-leucine+cytochrome oxidase II, 16S ribosomal RNA and elongation factor-1 alpha gene), and compared with the Shaposhnikov (1998) 's subtribal division: Macrosiphina, Myzian, Anuraphidina and Liosomatinae. Analyses for host range association with the morphological characters (e.g. Siphunculus and antennal tubercle on head) correspond to the tendency of host range radiation in the tribe Macrosiphini.

In a revision of four Eurydema speices recorded in Far East Asia, we confirm only two species, one of which consists of two subspecies: E. dominulus (Scopoli 1763) [=E. pulchra (Westwood 1837), syn. nov.], E. gebleri gebleri Kolenati 1846, and E. gebleri rugosa Motschulsky 1861 [stat. nov.]. In order to prove the above taxonomic changes, we compared three major characters; (1) the color patterns, (2) the mitochondrial COI (DNA barcoding) and (3) cross– breeding fertility (inter–specific copulation). Two subspecies, E. g. rugosa and E. g. gebleri, preserve their own unique coloration patterns, confirmed by the intra–subspecific copulation and breeding. Interestingly, the 1st progeny from the inter–subspecific copulation of E. g. rugosa♂ X E. g. gebleri♀ (or E. g. gebleri♂ X E. g. rugosa♀) take the coloration patterns inherited from E. g. gebleri.

In traditional taxonomy on the family Cantharidae, color pattern of the body and the structure of the male genitalia have been often used as diagnostic characters in identification of the specific level. However, these characters caused the difficulty in identifying the female in case a species was described only by male specimens or has the several color types among individuals. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the species reality of Asiopodabrus fragiliformis which was often difficult to be identified due to individual variation in color pattern and lack of information of female, through searching for new morphological diagnostic characters as well as DNA barcoding analysis, including their closely relative species from Russia and Japan. The results showed that A. fragiliformis was represented as three clusters strongly supported by high value of boots trap (>99%) and over 3% branch length. The pairwise distances between species of Asiopodabrus were detected larger, ranged from 3.4–9.5%, than the intragroup distance ranged from 0–2.9% indicating presence of a barcoding gap. And then, the three clusters were respectively determined as A. fragiliformis, A. kurvatovi and a new species through the analysis of morphology and COI gene. Therefore, we suggest that the species delineation on polymorphic species and the female specimens of closely resembling species would be more exactly and effectively determined if DNA barcoding and the traditional taxonomy are used as complementary methods for identification.