This study is a case study of system improvement measures for urban regeneration of the historical and cultural environment. The example areas are Hwangnam and Inwang Hanok districts in Gyeongju City, which operate various systems to solve the urban decline problem caused by the historical and cultural environment regulations. The subjects of this study are resident support programs and district unit planning systems under the advanced promotion system established in the case area. As research methods, literature studies, field surveys, and in-depth interviews were conducted. Through this, the background and purpose of introduction of each system, major plan contents, and problems of the system application process were analyzed. This study drew the following implications through case studies. First, in order to more effectively promote the urban regeneration of the historical and cultural environment, it is necessary to improve the related systems in an integrated and systematic manner. Second, in order to resolve the policy distrust of local residents in the historical, cultural and environmental management system, a wider variety of planned alternatives to narrow the difference in interests between the public and private sectors should be presented.

본 연구는 친수공간 이용 활성화를 위한 계획연구의 일환으로 수변공간의 복합적이고 다 기능적 이용에 초점을 두었다. 계획대상지인 하단 포구는 역사성과 잠재적 가치를 가졌으나, 현재 낙동강으로부터 시각적으로 단절되었고 도시에서의 잃어버린 공간(Lost space)으로 전락하여 수자원으로서의 가치를 상실하였다. 따라서 연구의 접근은 그린 인프라적 환경 재생을 통하여 수변 공공거점으로 이용가치를 증대하고, 친수공간으로서 코어의 역할 수행을 위한 물리적 환경 개선 계획을 목적으로 하였다. 연구 결과는 수변공간의 자원화 및 거점 마련을 위한 ‘공간에 대한 장소성 창출’, ‘포구 환경정비 및 재생’, ‘접근체계 차별화 및 네트워킹’ 등에 중점을 두어 기본계획을 수립하였으며 결과의 세부내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 공간에 대한 장소성 창출은 즉 ‘하단 포구를 어떻게 명소화할 것인가’로 귀결된다. 따라서 장소성 창출은 외부로부터 경관 랜드마크(유리가벽)를 통하여 공간을 인지하게 하였고, 내부에서의 전달은 낙동강에 대한 인지적 방향성과 그에 대한 가상경관을 시각 자원(미디어 스크린)을 통하여 제시하였다. 둘째, 포구 환경에 대한 정비는 기존 어민의 작업환경을 개선함과 동시에 방문객의 여가활동을 수용하기 위한 중의적 공간 계획을 제시하였다. 신규시설 도입을 지양하며, 2차원적 평면계획(포장패턴)을 통하여 활동영역에 대한 암시성을 제시하였으며 지역축제 프로그램 등에 대비한 탄력적 운영을 유도하였다. 셋째, 하단 포구의 이용 활성화는 보행 접근성 향상을 통한 수자원의 이용과 활용에 중점을 두었다. 이에 따른 주요 계획으로는 녹지 축의 연속성 확보, 진출입부 환경 개선, 시각적 개방성과 연속성 확보 등이 해당한다. 본 연구 결과는 그린 인프라적 환경 재생을 통하여 하단 포구에 대한 수변 공공거점으로서 현실적인 개발 가능성을 제시하였다. 이는 미시적으로 생업을 위한 효율적 환경개선과, 여가 및 탈 일상적 경험에 대한 이용 가치를 제공할 것이다. 아울러 친수공간으로서 도시발전 및 지역 정체성 확립을 위한 기반시설의 환경개선 사례로서 그 역할을 기대 할 수 있을 것이다.

The purpose of this plan is to regenerate by improving the overall residential environment, that create harmony with the fine natural environment The planning method is to review the current status, draft the basic concept, and set detailed plans by sector. Each process is planned to be implemented based on local residents’ participation. The major content of the plan is as follows. First, the use district that is the biggest obstacle for housing rehabilitation was changed into a residential zone from a green zone, and accompanied by street network planning and organization that is essential for an area’s designation as a residential district. Second, district units plan and landscape guidelines were established to enable construction of special buildings with windows facing east that allow a view of the Mangyeong River. Third, a landscape refinement project surrounding Mangyeonggang-ro was set as the key project, to improve the image of the village and pursue common interests in the community of local residents. Fourth, business facilities, rental housing, and residents’ community facilities for young people are comprehensively planned in the downtown area, which has been declining because of the closing of the bus terminal, to reanimate the community’s landmarks, in terms of both function and space. Fifth, the project pursues regional economic regeneration from promotion of tourism based on full utilization of the landscape of the Mangyeong River, which is a local asset. The planning is conducted in a way that enables the refined residential area to work as another tourism resource. Sixth, unused and less used national owned land is actively utilized to allow for a smoother implementation of the project. In addition, plans to reinforce residents’ capabilities, to develop in connection with the KAB, and HUG are pursued, so that the implementation of the project can be led by local residents.

This plan aims to seek ways of regeneration in active utilization of local assets’ potentials such as historic and cultural resources and human resources as well as natural landscape resources of Samnye-eup, which was prosperous as the largest station town during the Joseon dynasty period and as an agricultural center around Mangyeong plain during and after the Japanese colonial era. The plan consists of the theoretical investigation, analysis of current conditions, basic concept, and business plan in the order. As for the theoretical investigation, domestic researches on the use of local assets in the context of urban regeneration and existing plans for regeneration projects were examined to come up with ways of utilizing local assets for the Samnye-eup regeneration plan. In the analysis of current conditions, specific information on Samnye-eup was collected to verify the need for the general regeneration project that embodies original projects for local asset utilization in each district. As for the basic conception, this regeneration plan envisions the reutilization of three types of storage facilities, utilizing closed grain warehouses scattered about in that region. The focus of filling ‘Farming Storages’ is to strengthen the residents’ capability through creative education customized for each generation and class based on the characteristics of the education city and in association with the local university. Second, filling of ‘Sensible Storages’ has the objective of filling the largest posthouse town in Honam region, the historic place of food plundering during the Japanese colonial era, with sophisticated cultural arts. Third, filling of ‘Food Storages’ is to establish a cooperative economic community in harmony with the local food, natural landscape, and cultural environments to overcome the general agricultural decline. The business plan includes collecting opinions from and discussing with local residents and related divisions in addition to expert forums. The filling of three types of storages are classified to the physical regeneration project, social regeneration project, and economic regeneration project, each of which forms a cycle in mutual complementation. In addition, this plan seeks synergy effects by complementing existing projects conducted by the central division and Wanju-gun.

본 연구는 노후주거지의 총체적 재생을 위한 주민주체의 마스터플랜 수립에 있어 계획과정, 계획내 , 실행방법에 대한 시사점을 도출하는데 목적이 있다. 연구방법은 기존연구의 고찰, 마스터플랜 수립과정별 참여주체, 참여방법,계획내용을 분석하였으며 워크샵, 설문조사, 공람·공청회가 병행되었다.노후주거지의 총체적 재생을 위한 주민주체의 마스터플랜의 특징은 다음과 같다. 계획의 수립주체는 주민, 전문가,행정과 함께 중간지원조직으로 MP팀이 함께한다. 계획과정은 전체 주민이 직접 참여할 수 있도록 다양한 워크샵을운영하고 주민대표그룹과 행정, MP팀이 협의를 통해 단계별 계획내용을 결정한다. 주요내용은 물리적 재생을 위한 사유공간과 공공공간의 환경개선, 경제적 재생을 위한 일자리 창출방안, 사회적 재생을 위한 주민역량강화, 공동체활성화, 문화·복지환경 개선방안으로 구성되며 계획내용이 서로 유기적으로 연계된다. 실행방법은 적극적인 주민참여를바탕으로 실현가능한 사업에서 출발하며 중앙정부와 지자체의 다양한 공모사업에 응모와 제안을 통해 예산확보방안을모색한다.

This study aims to establish the measures required for strengthening the internal stability of and executing the systematic plan for Gangwon-do in relation to the “urban regeneration preliminary project” launched by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport. The results of this study are as follows. The unit project carried out via the Gangwon-do urban regeneration preliminary project presented the tendency for the standardization of the H/W and S/W projects such as the establishment of the community anchor space and the resident competency reinforcement project. Further, rather than focusing on the contents that could objectively measure the effects of the project, it concentrated more on the performance indicators that are required for verifying the execution of unit projects like the establishment of buildings and operating programs. It was found to be insufficient with regard to the practicality of the project, the correlation with the New Deal Project, and the validity of the project contents. To improve these aspects, Gangwon-do would be required to highlight its distinguishability from the other regions and increase its practicality by operating the field-centered urban regeneration educational program, inducing the participation of experts in each of the areas in case there is a need to execute a project plan and discover a project with placeness. It also needs to focus on strengthening its connection with the urban regeneration new deal project by discovering the resident leaders and professional manpower, and establishing the performance indicators needed for systematically monitoring the regional changes in accordance to the urban regeneration preliminary project.