본 연구는 LED 조명의 파장이 육용종계의 생산성, 번식호르몬, 면역 수준 및 행동에 미치는 영향을 확인하고자 실시하였다. 25주령 아바에이커 192수를 공시하였다. 처리구는 백색(5,000 K), 녹색(520 nm), 황색(570 nm) 및 적색(620 nm) LED 전구를 사용하여 처리구당 6반복, 반복당 8수씩 임의 배치하였으며, 15주간 사양실험을 실시하였다. 산란율은 적색 처리구에서 유의적으로 증가하였고(P<0.05), 난중은 적색 처리구에서 유의적으 로 감소하였다(P<0.05). 수정율, 부화율, 병아리 체중, IgG 수준 및 혈액 생화학 조성은 처리구 간에 통계적인 차이가 없었다. 번식호르몬인 FSH와 LH 농도는 적색 LED 처리구에서 현저히 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 또한 행동 관찰 결과, 적색 처리구에서 바닥 긁기, 바닥 쪼기 및 깃털 쪼기 행동이 다른 처리구에 비해 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(P<0.05). 본 연구 결과, 육용종계에 LED 점등을 사용할 경우 적색 처리구에서 번식호르몬의 증가와 산란율이 높아지는 것을 확인하였다. 그러나 적색 처리구에서 바닥 긁기, 바닥 쪼기 및 깃털 쪼기 행동이 높게 나타난 원인을 밝히기 위한 추가 연구가 필요한 것으로 보인다. 따라서 산란성적, 번식 호르몬 분비를 고려할 때 육용종계에 적색 LED 조명이 유리하다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

Maruca vitrata larvae feed on flowers and pods of several leguminous crops, and can severely reduce seed yield. Adult emergence, mating and oviposition behaviors were observed in a 15h/9h=light/dark and 25℃ condition as a base study for monitoring. Emergence occurred mainly during the first five hours of scotophase. Mating occurred from the two days after emergence, and the mated females started to lay eggs from the next day. A maximal mating rate was observed in the night of five days. Mating occurred significantly more often during the time from 2 hours before to 3 hours after lights-off, but older females mated more frequently during the photophase. Electroanntennographic responses of males to some chemicals, and body extracts and volatile collections of females were measured

The objective of this study was to analyze the accuracy of estrus detection of heat detector and analysis of estrus behavior (mounting and mounted), and the evaluation of conditions required for improving reproductive efficiency in Holstein dairy cows fitted with a estrous detector. The heat detection system consists of estrous detector based on wireless sensor and an electric bulletin board displayed estrus behavior data. When cow mounting other cows, the accuracy of estrus behavior displayed an electric bulletin board were 87.5% (mounting other cows only), 100% (mounting other cows but not standing), 80.0% (mounting other cows with standing for 1∼4 seconds), 90.0% (mounting other cows but not standing for 1∼4 seconds), 80% (mounting other cows with standing for more than 5 seconds) and 90.0% (mounting other cows but not standing for more than 5 seconds). When cow mounted other cows, the accuracy of estrus behavior displayed an electric bulletin board were 100% (mounted other cows but not standing), 100% (mounted other cows with standing for 1∼4 seconds), 100% (mounted other cows but not standing for 1∼4 seconds) and 100% (mounted other cows with standing for more than 5 seconds). Circadian distribution of first observed in estrus were 59.1% (am 8∼pm 6) and 40.9% (pm 6∼am 8). Distribution for the number of estrus behavior were 40.9% (less than 3 times), 36.4% (4∼6 times) and 22.7% (more than 4 times). The conception rates relative to interval from first estrus behavior to insemination for estrus periods were 23.1% (less than 11 hours) and 55.6% (12∼20 hours).

광대노린재(P lewisi)의 실내 계대사육법을 확립하기 위해 먼저 실내에서의 생식행동을 구명하였다. 고온장일조건(, 16Lㆍ8D)의 사육실에서 사육하면서 교미행동과 다중교미가 산란성에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였는데 광대노린재 성충의 교미는 성충 일령별로 9일째부터 시작되어 17일 이후는 교미율이 증가(60% 이상)하여 성충 21일째 84.5%로 피크를 이루였다. 광대노린재의 교미행동과정은 탐색배회, 접근, 더듬이접촉, 올라타기, 복부말단접근, 교미(끝에 끝 자세)를 취하는 것으로 조사되었다. 수컷은 교미행동 전 과정에서 능동적이었으며 또한 암컷에게 올라타기를 하기 전까지 마찰음을 내였으나 대부분의 암컷은 교미에 수동적이었다. 교미가 이루어지는 시간은 조명 후 1시간 내에 69% ,2시간 8% ,3시간 6% ,4시간 16% ,5시간 1%로 거의 4시간 내에는 교미가 이루어지는 것으로 관찰되었다. 암컷의 재교미는 첫 교미 후7일 동안 20% 정도 이루어졌으나 수컷의 재교미율은 암컷보다 월등히 높았다. 한편 암컷은 1회 교미 후 시간이 경과함에 따라 산란된 알의 부화율이 감소하였으나 재교미를 함으로서 산란된 알의 부화율이 향상되었고 수컷은 교미횟수가 증가할수록 산란된 알의 부화율이 감소하였다.

This study was performed to document the weight loss diet practice and dietary habit related to weight control in child-bearing Korean women. The subjects were 1,434 women aged 17-39 years. The subjects were classified into 3 groups based on BMI: low weight(LW) BMI < 18.5; normal weight(NW), 18.5 BMI 22.9; and overweight(OW), 23.0 BMI. Anthropometric, general characteristics, weight control practice, and the quality of diet were assessed by a questionnaire. LW group had higher rate of smoking and drinking. They also complained more subjective symptom of anemia and used less nutritional supplementation. Weight loss diet had been practiced by about 40% of subjects and the percent was increased with increasing BMI. The reason of weight loss diet were significantly different by BMI groups(p<0.05); LW to keep body in shape, OW for health. Low BMI group had experienced more side effects after weight loss diet(p<0.05). LW group usually used inappropriate method to control weight such as skipping meals and some of OW group reported using drug to lose weight. All subjects have been skipped their meals of 3.9 times per week, especially 4.3 times in LW group. By mini dietary assessment, most of the subjects did not have regular meals. LW group tended to eat what they like and OW group preferred fried food. This study showed that child-bearing aged women make a ceaseless effort apart from their weight, and LW group have a matter of grave concern because of their dietary habit and weight control practice. Additional research should be necessary to assess the relation of health and weight loss diet in young women.

This study has been conducted to investigate the mating behavior, time sequence of mating and time limit with which female can fulfill spawning and brooding after pre-spawning molting in the giant fresh-water prawn, macrobrachium rosenbergii reared in the laboratory. the results obtained were summarized as follows. Mating happened spontaneously as the following sequences: courting gesture, seizure of female by male, mounting, turning of female, copulation. The entire mating lated approximately seven minutes. The endopodite of 2nd pleopod of male bore the appendix masculins whcih are male's secondary sex characteristic. cinciulli was formed at the distal portion of appendix interna which are on the upper portion of appendix masculins and helped stabilizing the connection of each side of 2nd pleopod during mating. After the connection of each side of 2nd plepod was fixed on the posterior portion of the thoracic sternum in female, a gelatinous spermatophore that emitted at the basipodite of 5th pereiopod during courting gesture was deposited on the ventral groove of 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th pereiopod. time limit which female can fulfill copulation and brooding was from 3 hours to 15 hours after pre-spawning molting.

This study has been conducted to investigate the molting behavior and the effects of rearing temperature and day length on molting in the behavior and the effects of rearing temperature and day length on molting in the giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii reared in the laboratory. The results obtained were summarized as follow: 1. After pre-spawning molting, the protopodites of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th except 5th pleopod bore new breeding setae which conserve eggs in the brooding chamber and the basis of 3rd, 4th, and 5th pereiopods bore new breeding dresses which transport the ovulated eggs into the brooding chamber. 2. Adult females reared in 27.5- molted 10-12 times per year at interval of 27-35 days, of which four or six moltings were common molting for growth and another four or five moltings were pre-spawning molting for spwaning and brooding. In winter season, pre-spawning molting did not happen to most of adult females in spite of the same temperature. 3. Duration of intermolt cycle was 31-38 days and 26-30 days at 25.3- and 28.7- of rearing temperature, respectively.