This study evaluated and compared the effectiveness on upper motor extremity function between proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation which has been frequently used in clinical practice, and action observation training in terms of improving upper motor extremity function. A study with a single-subject design (A-B-C-A') was conducted with a patient who was diagnosed with left hemiplegia. A repeated-measure analysis was conducted to assess results of the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), Box and Block Test (BBT), and grip and pinch strength test performed daily in the study for 4 weeks. The results of the analysis indicated that the WMFT score, BBT score, grip strength, and pinch strength were improved from 29.60 to 39 (24.10%), from 1.67 to 4.93 each (EA) (66.22%), from 2.06 to 2.66 libras (lbs) (22.61%), and from 1.57 to 1.93 lbs (18.94%), respectively, from the baseline period to treatment period B. The values were improved from 29.60 to 42.20 (29.86%), from 1.67 to 7 EA (76.21%), from 2.06 to 3.47 lbs (40.57%), and from 1.57 to 1.67 lbs (6.12%), respectively, from the baseline period to treatment period C. From treatment period B to treatment period C, the WMFT score, BBT score, and grip strength were improved from 39 to 42.20 (7.58%), from 4.93 to 7 EA (29.56%), and from 2.66 to 3.47 lbs (23.20%), respectively, but pinch strength was decreased from 1.93 to 1.67 lbs (15.83%). In conclusion, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and action observation training both have positive effects on upper extremity motor function. However, we suggest that the posttreatment effect of action observation training was better than that of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation.

An A-B-A-C single subject research design was used to assess the effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) and inhibitive techniques on spasticity in a 10-year-old girl with cerebral palsy. Stimulation electrodes were placed over the sural nerve of the right leg. The standard method of cutaneous stimulation, TENS with impulse frequency of 100 Hz, was applied. Inhibitive techniques including stretch, antagonist contraction, and weight bearing were used. The tonus of the leg muscle was measured by means of a surface-EMG biofeedback unit. Visual analysis of data indicate that the child showed clinically significant reduction of spasticity in passive ankle movement following 30 minutes of TENS and inhibitive techniques application, respectively. The effect of TENS on spasticity inhibition was similar to that of inhibitive techniques. This result suggests that for this child with cerebral palsy, the application of TENS to the sural nerve may induce short-term post-stimulation inhibitory effects on the spasticity of cerebral palsy. Replication of this study with a more complex single-subject design involving more subjects is recommended to confirm this result.

본 연구는 K선수를 대상으로 심리기술훈련이 상태불안과 운동수행전략 그리고 연기력 향상의 관계를 분석하였다. 연구 조사대상은 심리적 불안이 높은 P대학교, K선수로 양적분석과 질적분석을 사용하였다. 조사대상자의 상태불안은 체조경기 상태불안 질문지, 심리기술훈련은 심리기술훈련 질문지, 수행전략은 한국판 수행전략 질문지와 참여관찰, 심층면담을 이용하여 측정하였다. 심리기술훈련 결과 K선수는 경쟁상태불안 감소, 심리기술의 긍정적 영향, 수행전략 향상에 의해 연기력을 향상시킬 수 있는 요인으로 나타났으며, 심리기술훈련의 5개 하위요인이 상태불안과 수행전략에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타나 체조선수의 심리기술훈련이 상태불안과 수행전략 향상에 중요한 요인으로 작용할 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 이 연구를 통해서 K선수는 최상의 연기를 성공적으로 수행하기 위해 심리기술훈련을 통하여 경쟁상태불안을 감소시키고 수행전략을 향상시킬 수 있는 방안을 모색할 수 있었으며, 도마종목 뿐만 아니라 다른 운동종목에서도 선수개인차를 고려한 경기력향상 방안을 도출 할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.