This study quantitatively analyzes the inter-sectoral linkages of emerging security based on the network of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in North Korea's Voluntary National Review Report (VNR) using Social Network Analysis (SNA). As a result of the analysis, North Korea's overall linkage score for each emerging security sector was high in the following order: health security (7.8), environmental security (5.9), food security (5.4), and energy security (4.0). This refers to the degree of interconnectivity with other security sectors. The ranking of security with high connectivity by the emerging security sector is as follows. Food security was in the order of environment > health > energy security, health security was in the order of environment > food security, energy security was in the order of health > environment > food security, and environmental security was highly connected in the order of health > energy > food security. This quantitative analysis indicates the importance of emerging security sectors and the need for mutual linkage in North Korea's SDGs implementation strategy. This will help set priorities for future cooperation in emerging security areas between North and South Korea and seeking organic linkage plans for each security sector.

In the current era of sustainable development, economic, social, and environmental changes are interrelated, and social inclusion and environmental sustainability are our shared goals. In response, social and environmental values have become important considerations for the success of an enterprise, placing an increased emphasis on the interests of all stakeholders. This trend in the governance of enterprise fueled the emergence of a new organizational form: the certified B Corporation (B Corp), a social enterprise certified by B Lab as an enterprise that creates value for non-shareholding stakeholders, including employees, customers, the local community, and the environment. With their positive social and environmental impacts, B Corps have become increasingly recognized as instrumental in the achievement of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, and literature on B Corps has increased. However, empirical research on the role of B Corps is still lacking.

The tourism industry specifically experienced distinct failing revenues and was an economic sector among those most rigorously influenced by the pandemic. In the gradual recovery period after the pandemic, the technology implementation in travel has been a great achievement for travel companies. This study is based on a systematic literature review to examine the ability of Virtual Reality (VR) and Geographic information systems (GIS) to serve as a facilitator of sustainable tourism development goals. The potential impact of VR and GIS within tourism will bolster the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and will be conceptualized. The use of these technologies in connection to the SDGs can associate with SDG No. 8, SDG No.9, SDG No.11, and SDG No. 13, which are related to "decent work and economic growth", "industry, innovation, and infrastructure", "sustainable cities and communities", and "climate action."

This study is on the policy direction settings that can accomplish regional revitalization by continuously developing the various theme of rural tourism and can contribute to the improvement of the quality of life. The recent issues of SDGs are discussed, and their link with rural development, especially with rural tourism, are examined. To be specific, it focuses on healing-type rural tourism that is rising as a new theme in the tourism industry. The results have revealed the possibility of linking the indicators of SDGs and the needed resources for healing rural tourism. Therefore, it is possible to strengthen the rural tourism theme linkage, and to contribute to the regional revitalization through establishment of the detailed action indicators of rural tourism in line with SDGs. However, since research on SDGs is at an early stage, there is a need for further discussion on various examples from the rural tourism field.

지난 15년 동안(2001~2015) 전 세계는 새천년개발목표 (MDGs; Millenium Development Goals, MDGs) 8개 목표 의 달성을 위해 노력해왔으며, 2014 MDGs 보고서(UN, 2014)에 따르면 이 중 몇 개의 목표는 중요한 진전이 있었으 나1), 환경적 지속가능성에 대한 위협이 지속되고 있다는 인 식에 기초하여 제70차 UN 총회(2015.9)에서 지구와 인류 을 위한 향후 15년간의 전 지구적 의제를 담은 새로운 지속 가능발전목표(SDGs: Sustainable Development Goals, 2016~2030)를 채택하였다. 따라서, 새롭게 채택된 국제의 제인 SDGs의 생물다양성 및 자연 보전과 관련된 내용을 살펴보고, 보호지역 분야의 시사점을 살펴보고자 하였다. SDGs는 17개 지속가능발전목표와 169개의 세부목표로 구성되어있으며, 지속가능발전을 위한 필수적인 것으로 경 제성장, 건강한 삶, 기후변화 등 경제, 사회, 환경의 통합된 접근과 조화를 강조하고 있다. MDGs의 8개 목표 중 하나였 던 환경의 지속가능성 확보와 관련된 내용이 대부분 계승되 고 확장되었다고 할 수 있다. SDGs의 17개 목표 중 goal 14와 goal 15에서는 해양 및 육상 생태계의 보전과 지속가 능 이용에 대해 직접적인 세부목표를 설정하고 있다. 육상 생태계의 경우(goal 15) 국제적 합의의 이행과 더불어 사막 화 방지, 생물다양성 손실 중지, 멸종위기종의 멸종방지, 밀 렵 및 불법거래 종식, 침입외래종 영향 저감 등의 세부목표 를 제시하고 있으며, 해양생태계 분야(goal 14)는 해양오염 방지와 해양산성화 최소화, 해양‧연안 생태계의 회복력 증 지‧복원, 위해보조금 방비 등의 내용을 세부목표로 담고 있 다. 또한 제6차 세계공원총회(WPC, 2014)에서 집중 논의 되었던, 지구가 직면한 다양한 위협(기후변화, 식량 및 물 안보, 자연재해, 건강/복지)의 가장 효과적인 자연적 해결책 으로서의 자연 및 보호지역의 역할의 경우, SDGs 개별목표 에서 보호지역의 역할에 대해 직접적으로 언급하고 있지는 않지만, 자연 보전과의 관련성을 언급2)하고 있다. 기후변화 와 관련해서는 선진국들에 재원 조성약속(2020년까지 연간 1천억불) 이행촉구와 더불어 기후변화 관련 위험과 자연재 해에 대한 회복 및 적응력 강화, 국가 정책/전략/계획에 기 후변화 수단을 통합 등을 제시하고 있다. 보호지역 확대 목 표에 있어서는 해양의 경우 생물다양성협약 아이치타켓 11 의 구체적 확대목표인 10%를 직접 언급하고 있으나(goal 14.5), 육상지역은 구체적인 확대목표에 대한 언급 없이 국 제적 합의에 대한 의무이행만(goal 15.1)을 언급하고 있다. 생물다양성 및 보호지역 관련 SDGs 목표에 대한 국가차원 의 효과적 이행 기반을 진단하기 위해, SDGs 채택 이후 정부에서 수립한 법정 중장기 국가계획(제3차 지속가능발전 기본계획 2016-2035), 제4차 국가환경종합계획 2016-2035), 제3차 자연환경보전 기본계획 2016-2035))을 살펴보면, 관련 세부목표별로 일부 반영이 미흡한 분야(지속가능관광의 모 니터링 및 평가기제, 해양산성화 최소화 등)도 있었으나 상당 부분 우리나라의 국가적 맥락을 반영하여 각 종 계획에 담고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 이상에서 살펴보았듯이 SDGs는 지속가능발전의 근간이 자연의 보전에 있음을 명확하게 인식하고 있는 것을 알 수 있으며, SDGs가 향후 15년간 UN 등 국제사회의 주요 개발 협력을 위한 활동수칙이 될 수 있기 때문에, 이러한 국제사 회의 공감대 속에서 향후 보호지역에 기반한 지속적인 환경 보전 활동과 협력이 강화될 것으로 기대된다. 따라서 SDGs 에 담긴 보호지역 관련 다양한 목표들과 연계하여 자연(보 호지역 등) 보전을 통한 지속가능발전모델 구현에 더 많은 관심과 노력이 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

The paper seeks to explore the role of green finance in achieving sustainable development goals through the case of China, and address some issues of sustainable finance and environmental, social and governance concerns of green finance by introducing the episodes of green finance in China. This paper aims to provide some viewpoints about the following questions: 1) What are the latest trends in green finance? 2) What are the main challenges to the development of green finance? 3) What are policy recommendations for the development of green finance? 4) What are the roles of both the public and private sectors in promoting green finance? This paper identifies the mainstream to sustainable bonds, diversification of green finance, transition of corporates’ business models, transparency and disclosure, and harmonizing taxonomy and measurement of green finance for the emerging trends of green finance. As the results, this paper recommends some policy measures for the private sector such as greening the banking system, greening the bond market, and greening institutional investors. This paper also suggests some policy initiatives for the public sector such as developing policies and capacity, promoting market transparency and governance, and promoting private-public partnership for diversifying resources of green finance.

The plastic strategy adopted by the EU in January 2018 was established to implement circular economic policies and the Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs) of the United Nations. The strategy includes the vision and implementation measures to achieve, which are primarily measures to improve recycling and increase demand for recycled plastics. The representative measures include the design that considers recycling possibilities, reinforcement of demand for recycled plastics, suppression of occurrence, and response to micro-plastics. The policies to implement these measures include legislative restrictions and economic measures (EPR, GPP). It is especially desirable that the policies are applied differently depending on the plastic product. The Korean government has established comprehensive measures for all stages from production to recycling, but those measures are not comprehensive compared to the EU’s strategy. The reason is that the refusal of waste collection makes the Korean government establish the approach from the aspect of waste management instead of the implementation of a circular economy or SDGs like the EU. The countermeasures are aimed at achieving a 50% reduction in waste generation amount and a 70% recycling rate. It is considered that the possibility of achieving the goal will increase by examining the measures and policy means in the EU’s plastics strategy.

Sustainable development is no longer an option, but a requirement. Under this awareness, UN adopted 17 goals for a new sustainable development agenda on September 2015, named ‘Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs)’. The Korean Society of Rural Planning(KSRP) is established on July 1994 for the sustainable development of rural areas. On the purpose to quantitatively analyze the research trend of KSRP’s publications with the viewpoint of SDGs, the qualitative documents of 17 SDGs and 771 publications were mathematically transformed into vectors and the similarity was numerically measured with the ‘Vector Space Model(VSM)’. The results show that ‘Sustainable cities and communities(SDG 11)’, ‘Zero hunger(SDG 2)’, ‘Life on land(SDG 15)’ and ‘Responsible consumption and production(SDG 12)’ have strong relationships with KSRP, while those of ‘Affordable and clean energy(SDG 7)’, ‘Peace, justice and strong institution(SDG 16)’ and ‘Gender equality(SDG 5)’ are weak. It is also found that the relationships of KSRP publications with ‘energy’ and ‘climate change’ issues(SDG 7, 13) were greatly increased during the period of 1995-2016, in spite of their weak relationships.