PURPOSES : Recently, the generation of industrial by-products has been increased owing to the increase in electrical power consumption. This experimental study investigated a special mortar development using outstanding benefits of porous structures in heavy oil fly ash (HOFA) and bottom ash (BA) to reduce heat transfer and weight of tunnel repair mortar. METHODS : Based on the concept of materials usable for this objective being porous and light, the physical and chemical properties of heavy oil fly ash and bottom ash were analyzed to determine the application possibility for tunnel repair mortar. In addition to satisfying this primary requirement, the research aimed at determining the relationships between the characteristics of porous structures and effectiveness of reducing weight and thermal conductivity. This study was undertaken on the use of bottom ash as fine aggregate and heavy oil ash as filler in mortar mix proportion. Four different levels of bottom ash (25%, 50%, 75%, 100%, and 5%), and 10%, 15%, and 20% of heavy oil fly ash were investigated to determine the proper replacement amount within the designed specification. According to the analytic results on the effectiveness of both by-products and chemical additives, the repair mortar with optimum mixture proportion was investigated using various tests including thermal conductivity and porosity. RESULTS : The use of porous by-products increased the demand for mixing water in obtaining the required flowability, but the compressive strength did not decrease significantly in proportion by adding an amount of bottom ash. Based on the results, bottom ash can be replaced with aggregate as much as 50%, but adding an amount of heavy oil ash is suggested as below 10% in formulation. CONCLUSIONS : The optimized repair mortar, which was produced by conclusive formulation, was evaluated as a high-performance material to repair tunnels with the effectiveness of porous and remarkable physical properties.

This study is subway tunnel field application about repair materials with crack self-healing capability. It was found that it showed good durability compared to the existing repair materials through lab test. Utilization of these mortars may have high potential for a new repair material.

The leak issues that arise in the 2-Arch Tunnel are caused by groundwater being trapped in the central pillar portion. Therefore, the most reasonable repair method should be suggested after the analysis of what causes the leak.

The priority order about a rational repair and reinforcement is generally decided by subjective decision of engineer. An appearance investigation carried out to decide about a rational repair and reinforcement through systematic and objective analysis in tunnel. we could prevent expecting leakage through several improvements in the aspects of design, materials and site implementation.

본 논문은 터널 콘크리트 구조물의 보수를 위한 무기계 균열주입기술의 표준화에 관한 연구이다. 본 연구를 위하여 균열보수공사가 필요한 터널 라이닝 및 박스 구조물을 선정하여, 균열폭에 따른 주입량, 주입시간 및 주입압력, 주입압력과 주입시간, 구조물 규모에 따른 주입량, 구조물별 균열 위치에 따른 주입량, 균열폭 및 구조물 두께와 주입시간의 관계에 관하여, 현장 조사와 시험평가를 수행하여 구조물의 종류 및 균열의 크기에 따른 균열보수재의 주입압력, 주입량 및 주입시간 등을 명확히 파악하였다.