Background: In modern society, the use of computers accounts for a large proportion of our daily lives. Although substantial research is being actively conducted on musculoskeletal diseases resulting from computer use, there has been a recent surge in interest in improving the working environment for prevention. Objects: This study aimed to examine the effects of posture correction feedback (PCF) on changes in neck posture and muscle activation during computer typing. Methods: The participants performed a computer typing task in two sessions, each lasting 16 minutes. The participant’s dominant side was photographed and analyzed using ImageJ software to verify neck posture. Surface electromyography (EMG) was used to confirm the participant’s cervical erector spinae (CES) and upper trapezius muscle activities. The EMG signal was analyzed using the percentage of reference voluntary contraction and amplitude probability distribution function (APDF). In the second session, visual and auditory feedback for posture correction was provided if the neck was flexed by more than 15° in the initial position during computer typing. A 20-minute rest period was provided between the two sessions. Results: The neck angle (p = 0.014), CES muscle activity (p = 0.008), and APDF (p = 0.015) showed significant differences depending on the presence of the PCF. Furthermore, significant differences were observed regarding the CES muscle activity (p = 0.001) and APDF (p = 0.002) over time. Conclusion: Our study showed that the feedback system can correct poor posture and reduces unnecessary muscle activation during computer work. The improved neck posture and reduced CES muscle activity observed in this study suggest that neck pain can be prevented. Based on these results, we suggest that the PCF system can be used to prevent neck pain.

This study aimed to analyze adult men’s body sizes and shapes and suggest size specifications to provide preliminary data to academia and industries. A total of 814 adult men aged 30-44 were selected from the 7th Size Korea data, and 55 direct upper body measurement and calculation items were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. In individual Individual differences, thickness, circumference, and width were high, and height and length were low. Height above the waist base line and shoulder dimension decreased in early 40s age group, while height below the waist base line declined as age increased. In addition, buttocks shape changes were found in early 40s age group. According to factor analysis, ‘upper body and upper-extremity horizontal size’, ‘torso height and upper extremity length’, ‘shoulder dimension’, ‘upper body length’ and ‘shoulder angle’ were derived. Using clustering analysis, four different body types were classified: i) big abdomen with flat chest, ii) slender with big, raised shoulders, iii) dwarfish with small, droopy shoulders, and iv) obese with large shoulders. ‘Slender with big, raised shoulders’ was a typical body shape among men aged 30-44. In older participants, the ‘big abdomen with flat chest’ ratio was low, while ‘obese with large shoulders’ was more common. This study proposed size specifications by body type considering the above characteristics.

The aim of this study was to investigate the change in women’s somatotype with aging. The subjects were 1,123 women aged 40~69. Their anthropometric data were from the 6th Size Korea. The data were analyzed by factor analysis and cluster analysis. Seven factors were extracted: body mass, body length, back shoulder, arm length factor, front interscye factor, body rise factor, and shoulder angle. The upper body types of middle-aged and elderly women were classified into five types: skinny, short stout body type with forward posture, composite, tall & full body type, and short & skinny. The skinny and composite body type appeared more often than the short stout body type in the early 40s of Korean women. Starting in the mid-50s, composite body type was less often found. However, the number of women with short stout body type increased. In the 60s, the number of women with short stout and tall & full body types decreased. These results reveal that the body types of middle-aged and elderly women changed with some pattern with aging. And women in their early 40s, mid-50s, and 60s women had different body shapes and postures.

유아용 체감형 게임은 유아 놀이 공간 축소로 인한 안전한 유아 놀이 공간 부족에 대한 해결책 중 하나로 대두되고 있다. 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 유아용 체감형 게임 인터페이스에 활용 가능하고 유아의 동작 특성이 고려된 유아 교육적으로 적합하고 체계적으로 정리된 유아 동작 데이터베이스가 필요성을 제기하고 유아의 상체 동작을 선정하여 데이터베이스를 구축했다. 동작 데이터베이스는 센서와 카메라의 두 디바이스를 모두 사용한 7개의 한 손 동작과 카메라만을 사용한 7개의 두 손 동작 데이터로 구성되었다. 유아 동작 데이터베이스는 각 연령별로 남자 유아 5명, 여자 유아 5명으로 만3세에서 만 5세의 유아 30명을 대상으로 동작이 수집되었다. 데이터베이스는 총 14개 동작을 한 동작마다 3번씩 반복하여 수집하였다. 수집된 데이터베이스는 유아용 체감형 게임에 적용 가능하고 유아가 쉽게 따라하는 것이 가능한 동작들로써 연구용으로 외부에 공개 및 배포되어 유아 대상의 체감형 게임 개발에 도움이 될 것이다.

이 연구에서 우리는 사용자의 동작인식을 이용한 운동 게임 시스템을 제안한다. 이 시스템은 사용자가 몇 종류의 게임을 수행하면 그 동작을 인식하고 피드백을 화면에 제공함으로써 스스로 인식하지는 못하는 동안 자연스럽게 운동을 할 수 있도록 고안되었다. 사용자의 동작은 적외선 시간 지연 측정법을 사용하는 깊이 카메라를 이용하여 인식하였고 인식된 동작은 데이터베이스에 저장되어 있는 모범 동작과 비교를 통하여 그 정확도를 산정하였다. 우리는 이 시스템을 위해 두더지 잡기, 낚시, 스트레칭과 같은 세 종류의 게임을 개발하였다. 개별 동작과 시나리오는 물리치료 전문가들에 의해 개발되었다. 제안된 시스템을 이용하여 사용자는 실내에서도 지루하지 않게, 즐기면서 운동을 할 수 있게 되었다.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of body perception image training on functional recovery of upper limb in stroke patients, not image training with visual stimulation for specific task. Methods: Thirty inpatients(15males, 15females) who were diagnosed as stroke participated with agreement in this study, also they were divided randomly by experimental and control groups. Before traditional therapeutic exercise, body perception image training was performed in experimental group, as well as control group took a rest, respectively. Body perception image training program was modified using body scan part of Mindfulness Based on Stress Reduction(MBSR) for present study, then it was spplied individually for 4weeks, 5days a week for 10 min. To determine the effects of this training program, data of muscle activities were collected and analyzed from biceps brachii, upper trapezius and deltoid muscles through electromyogram(EMG). Results: By comparison of changes in muscle activities, both experimental and control groups showed significant increase of muscle activities from all theree of muscles after therapeutic intervention(p<.001). In particular, increment of upper trapezius muscle activity in experimental group was markedly higher than control group(p<.05). Conclusion: These results may indicate that traditional therapeutic exercise combined with body perception image training result in increase of muscle activity of upper limb, suggesting it is beneficial for functional recovery in stroke patients.