알칼리 수전해용 격막으로 사용하기 위해 음이온교환막을 제작하였다. 음이온교환막은 PVC (polyvinyl chloride)를 출발물질로 하여 클로로메틸화 및 아민화에 의해 제작하였다. 제작한 막은 막 특성(막 저항, 이온교환용량)을 평가하였다.제작한 음이온교환막의 1M NaOH수용액에서의 최저 막 저항은 2.9 Ω·cm2를 나타냈다. 이 막은 2.17 meq./g-dry-membrane의 이온교환용량과 43.4%의 함수율을 보였다. 제작한 음이온교환막의 막 특성을 시판의 막 특성과 비교 평가하였다. 1M NaOH수용액에서의 막 저항은 AHT>IOMAC>Homemade membrane>AHA>APS=AFN의 순으로 저항 값이 높았다. 이온교환용량은 Homemade membrane>AFN>APS>AHT>AHA>IOMAC의 순으로 높은 값을 가졌다.

Saline-tab water (2.5 L) with 0, 2.5, 5, and 10% saline solution contaminated by P. aeroginosa or S. aureus, was electrolyzed with constant electrical current of 2A or 4A for different time durations (1, 2, 4, 8, and 16min). The electrolysis with 2A-4min showed disinfection effect against P. aeroginosa of 105 CFU/㎖ in all saline concentrations. When the electrical current was raised to 4A, P. aeroginosa of 106 CFU/㎖ was disinfected in 4 min. S. aureus of 105 CFU/㎖ was disinfected with 2A-2 min in all saline concentrations. S. aureus of 106 CFU/㎖ was completely disinfected with 2A-8 min. To compare the effect of constant current electrolysis with that of intermittent current electrolysis, solution contaminated with P. aeroginosa of 106 CFU/㎖ was electrolyzed with several pairs of intermittent current of 2A for 2 min followed by 2min pause. Disinfecting effect of intermittent electrolysis was very similar to the constant current electrolysis without pause in 16 min. The present study demonstrated that the direct electrolyzing process with no septum membrane is a convenient and economic sterilization method.

선박의 항해 안전성을 유지하기 위하여 평형수 탱크에 주입ㆍ배출되는 선박평형수는 그 안에 포함되어 있는 각종 수중생물로 인하 여 지역 해양 환경에 부정적인 영향을 주고 있다. 국제해사기구(IMO)는 선박평형수를 통한 수중생물의 이동을 막기 위해, 2004년 선박평형수 와 침전물 통제 및 관리를 위한 국제협약을 채택하고 2016년 9월에 발효하여, 2017년 9월 이후 정기검사가 도래하는 모든 선박은 선박평형수 처리장치를 설치하도록 하였다. 선박평형수 처리 방식에는 활성물질을 이용하여 처리하는 전기분해식, 오존식, 약품식과 물리적인 처리방식인 필터, 자외선식 등으로 나누어 지며, 두 가지 방식을 혼용하여 사용하기도 한다. 일반적으로 비용과 효율 면에서 전기분해방식이 우수한 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 직접식 전기분해 선박평형수 처리장치의 기본 원리, 구성 요소, 육상 시험 내용을 고찰하였다. 육상시험은 정부시 험 시설이 설치되어 있는 KIOST 거제분원에서 300m3/h 처리 용량의 장치로 수행하였다. 이 육상시험을 통해 직접식 전기분해 선박평형수 처 리장치가 IMO에서 제시하고 있는 기준을 만족하고 다른 방식에 비해 효율적인 것을 확인하였다.

A water reuse system was designed for a demonstration plant by combining fiber filtration and electrolysis. A discharged dye wastewater after treated with biomedia was used in this study. It was found that an additional removal of suspended solids (SS) was feasible with 2‐stage filtration while electrolysis was not effective. Also, CODcr and CODMn were not removed with 2 ‐stage filtration but electrolysis resulted in about 26.9% additional removal. This indicates that electrolysis play an important role in organic removal. Removal of T‐N and T‐P was negligible with 1 and 2‐stage fiber filtration and low‐level electrolyte. However, with 2000 ppm of electrolyte, their removal efficiencies were about 83.1 and 60%, respectively, suggesting that the removal rates are well associated with the electrolyte concentrations. With high‐level electrolyte, colority was removed about 82% while chlorine ions were removed only about 10%. Therefore, to treat underground water containing high‐level salinity in the follow‐up study, based on the results in this paper, a combined system with selection of additional unit process and reverse osmosis will be designed.

There is an increasing incidence in health problems related to environmental issues that originate from inadequate treatment of sewage. This has compelled scientists to engage in innovative technologies to achieve a effective disinfection process. Electrolysis has emerged as one of the more feasible alternatives to conventional disinfection process. The objectives of the present paper were to investigate the effect of chemical characteristics on oxidant formation and Escherichia coli (E. coli) disinfection in synthetic sewage effluents. The influence of parameters such as COD, SS, T-N and T-P were investigated using laboratory scale batch reactor. The results showed that the higher COD, T-N and T-P concentration, the lower N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO, indicator of the generation of OH radical) degradation and E. coli disinfection was observed. The order of effect of RNO degradation and E. coli disinfection was T-P > COD > T-N > SS. When 4 parameter of water quality were worked simultaneously, oxidants formation and disinfection was decreased with increase of the concentration of sewage. To increase of the disinfection performance, the increase of disinfection time or electric power was need.

This study has carried out to evaluate the effect of NaCl as electrolyte of single (electrolysis and UV process) and complex (electrolysis/UV) processes for the purpose of removal and mineralization of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye in water. It also evaluated the synergetic effect on the combination of electrolysis and UV process. The experimental results showed that RhB removal of UV process was decreased with increase of NaCl, while RhB removal of electrolysis and electrolysis/UV process was increased with increase of NaCl. The decolorization rate of the RhB solution in every process was more rapid than the mineralization rate identified by COD removal. The latter took longer time for further oxidation. Absorption spectra of an aqueous solution containing RhB showed a continued diminution of the RhB concentration in the bulk solution: concomitantly, no new absorption peaks appeared. This confirmed the decolorization of RhB, i.e., the breakup of the chromophores. It was observed that RhB removal in electrolysis/UV process is similar to the sum of the UV and electrolysis. However, it was found that the COD of RhB could be degraded more efficiently by the electrolysis/UV process than the sum of the two individual process. A synergetic effect was demonstrated in electrolysis/UV process.