In this study, the differences of institutional development processes of fishery products wholesale markets were compared between Korea and Japan in order to suggest improvement direction of trading system in Korea. The wholesale markets have shrunk while wholesale and distribution has been becoming larger in size in both countries. A summary of differences in the wholesale market trading systems between Korea and Japan is as follows: first, middle wholesalers play pivotal roles in wholesale transaction in Korea, and wholesale corporations take such roles in Japan. Second, most wholesale corporations take charge of listing in Korea whereas such corporations are in charge of buying in Japan. Third, Korea has high proportion of auction for transactions, in contrast to Japan with high proportion of relative transactions. Forth, Korea maintains more sales within the wholesale markers and has more small and medium customers than Japan. Finally, Korea investigates inside causes to find solutions for the decreased competitive power of the wholesale market, whereas Japan copes with the problem by searching for outside customers. To seek solutions for the decreased competitiveness of Korean fishery products wholesale markets, middle wholesalers’ consignment should be limitedly allowed, and improvement direction of wholesale corporations should be investigated in the future study.

Squid is a popular seafood in Korea. However, since the 2000s, the squid production has been declining. The unstable supply of the squid products may cause price fluctuations of fresh and chilled squid. These price fluctuations may be relatively more severe than them of other commodities, because the fresh and chilled squid can not be stored for a long period of time. Thus, this study analyzes the structural characteristics of price volatility and price asymmetry of fresh squid based on off-diagonal GARCH model. Data used to analysis of this study are daily wholesale and retail prices of fresh squid from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2016 provided in the KAMIS. As theoretical approaches of this study, first of all, the stability of the time series is confirmed by the unit root test. Secondly, the causality between distribution channels is checked by the Granger causality test. Thirdly, the VAR model and the off-diagonal GARCH model are adopted to estimate asymmetry effect and price volatility spillover between distribution channels. Finally, the stability of the model is confirmed by multivariate Q-statistic and ARCH-LM test. In conclusion, fresh squid is found to have shock and volatility spillover between wholesale and retail prices as well as its own price. Also, volatility asymmetry effect is shown in own wholesale or retail price of fresh squid. Finally, this study shows that the decrease in the fresh squid retail price of t-1 period than the increase in the t-1 period has a greater impact on the volatility of the fresh squid wholesale price in t period.

우리나라 화훼 유통은 재래시장 중심의 위탁판매방식으로 이루어져 왔다. 이러한 유통방식은 불공정 거래가될 수 있으며 수집 분산기능이 약하여 대량 수급조절이어렵다. 또한 품질 등급화의 미흡으로 인하여 고품질 화훼생산이 어려워진다. 이와 같은 문제점을 개선하고자 정부에서 공영도매시장을 건립하였으나 아직까지 그 기능과 역할이 완전하게 정착되어 있지 않다. 본 연구는 공영도매시장 기능의 활성화를 위하여 공영도매시장 중도매인, 유사도매시장 상인을 대상으로 국내 화훼시장에 대한 인식을 조사하였다. 조사에 따르면, 화훼시장의 활성화를 위해서는 규모화, 시설화, 현대화를 기반으로 한 공영도매시장이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 절화류의 품질개선을 위해 명확한 등급기준이 필요한 것으로 조사되었다. 최근에는 다양한 절화를 구매하려는 소비자가 늘어남에 따라 저가의 수입 절화의 유입이 확대되고 있는실정이다. 이러한 저가 수입산 절화의 유입에 따른 국내화훼시장의 혼탁함을 방지하기 위해서는 모든 수입산 절화가 경매과정을 거쳐서 공정하게 거래되도록 해야 하며수입산 절화와 국산 절화의 차별화를 위하여 품질에 따른 가격설정이 선행되어야 한다. 이상과 같은 개선을 통하여 공영시장을 통한 절화의 유통이 확대되고, 투명한거래와 생산자의 권익보호, 품질 신뢰성 향상 및 수급안정을 기대할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다.

2001년 1-12월 서울시 가락농수산물시장에서 총 951건의 수산물(어류 34종 468건, 패류 17종 373건, 갑각류 10종 39건 그리고 두족류 등 11종 71건)을 대상으로 중금속 함량[average(minimum∼maximum), Unit:㎎/㎏]을 분석한 결과, Hg 0.025(N.D.∼0.19), Cd 0.288(N.D.∼1.85), pb 0.227(ND∼1.68)이었다. Hg의 경우, 패류[0.003((N.D.∼0.19)]>두족류 등[0.026(N.D.∼0.11)]>갑각류[0.026(N.D.∼0.09)]>어류[0.018(N.D.∼0.19)]순이었고, 가장 높은 함량은 미꾸라지(0.19)와 꼬막(0.19)이었으며, Pb의 경우 패류[0.223(N.D.∼1.38)]>어류[0.213(N.D.∼1.68)]>두족류 등[0.151(N.D.∼0.39)>갑각류[0.144(N.D.∼0.44)]순이었고, 가장 높은 함량은 미꾸라지(1.68)>빙어(1.44)>바지락(1.38)>뱀장어(1.35) 순이었다. 한편, Cd의 경우 패류[0.288(N.D.∼1.85)]중 가장 높은 함량은 꼬막(1.85)이었다.