作为中华民族传承近千年的语言书写符号，汉字中不乏大量意符，其表意特征较为明 显。作为汉字最基本的组成部分，构件在表意层面上发挥着重要作用。相同或者不同的各 类构件彼此组合共同参与汉字的整体构意，因此对于汉字形、义方面的解读自然离不开对 构件的研究。汉字经过历代各时期的发展和演变，无论是整体字形还是的局部构件都随着 时间的推移产生一定变化。从古至今，汉字在各个发展阶段呈现出不同形态，现代汉字采 用通行的楷体字，如果结合早期形态，针对具体构件进行追溯和探索，便不难发现构件本 身的意义和来源可能不止于一种。现代汉字中不乏大量以构件“口”成字的汉字，其中的 构件“口”大多数情况下发挥着“嘴巴”的构意功能。但如果对含有构件“口”的汉字进 行溯源考察，从相关汉字的早期形态着手，便可以发掘出构件“口”除“嘴巴”外的多种 其他构意功能。本文通过研究发现：现代汉字构件“口”除表示“嘴巴”外，还具备“器 物”、“符号”和“范围”等方面的构意功能。针对汉字构件“口”的构意溯源研究意义 重大，且目前相关学术成果仍然有待完善，本文具有探索完善具体构件的多重功能方面的 意义价值。

As a language writing symbol inherited by the Chinese nation for nearly a thousand years, Chinese characters have obvious ideographic characteristics, and the components of Chinese characters play an important role at the ideographic level. Different components are combined with each other to jointly participate in the overall formation meaning of Chinese characters. Therefore, the interpretation of the shape and meaning of Chinese characters is naturally inseparable from the study of components. After the development and evolution of Chinese characters in the past dynasties, both the overall shape and the partial components of the characters have changed over time. Modern Chinese characters use common regular script. If we trace and explore its specific components in combination with past dynasties, it is not difficult to find that the meaning and source of the component itself may be more than one. In modern Chinese characters, there are a large number of Chinese characters with component “口”. In most cases, the component “口” plays the formation meaning function of “mouth”. However, if we trace the origin of the Chinese characters containing the component “口” and start from the early forms of the relevant Chinese characters, we can discover a variety of formation meaning functions of the component “口” except "mouth". Through research, this paper finds that the modern Chinese character component “口” not only means “mouth”, but also has other formation meaning functions such as “ware”, “symbol” and “range”. For the research on the origin of the formation meaning of the Chinese character component “口”, the related academic achievements still need to be improved. This paper has the significance value of exploring and improving the multiple functions of the specific components.

• 王钰涵(岭南大学中国语言文化学科博士研究生) | 왕위한
• 李春永(岭南大学中国语言文化学科教授) | 이춘영 Corresponding author