Oriental medicine, as defined by the book World Medicine, is one of the six major healing systems of the world. According to a survey done by the World Health Organi -zation, more than one-third of the world's population is being treated with Oriental medicine(acupuncture). Dating back some 5,000 years, Oriental medicine has been practiced systematically, rationally and consistently by the people of China, Korea, Japan and southeast Asian countries. European countries began using it when the Jesuits and Dutch merchant traders brought back the information from China in the 16th century. At this point, the original text of acupuncture is important, so I have chosen Ju Bi(周痹) of the Young Chu(靈樞). This article, Ju Bi(周痹) of the Young Chu(靈樞), can be divided into four chapters. The contents are as follows: In chapter Ⅰ; The Yellow Emperor asked a question of Ch'i Po about Ju Bi(周痹). In chapter Ⅱ; The difference of Ju Bi(周痹) and Jung Bi(衆痹) In chapter Ⅲ; The analysis of the mechanism of disease of Ju Bi(周痹). In chapter Ⅳ; The treatment of acupuncture of Ju Bi(周痹). I have tried to stay true to the original text as much as possible, and used some reference books to understand the meaning of the text well.

本篇靈樞․腸胃는 인체의 소화기에 길이와 용적에 대한 고대인들의 인식이 포함되어 있어 이를 통해 그들의 해부학적인 인식의 수준과 內經의 여러 편에 나오는 당시의 도량형에 대한 이해를 도울 수 있다. 이 편을 연구한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 靈樞․腸胃에서 제시한 소화관의 총길이(6丈4寸4分)와 현대해부학에서 제시한 소화관의 평균길이(9m)를 비교할 때 本篇에서 사용된 寸의 개념은 약 1.5cm로 볼 수 있으며 또한 가장 근사하게 일

We studied the phrases and the sentences of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm (東醫寶鑑) that were quoted from the So Moon (素問) and the Young Chu (靈樞). Mainly most of quoted sentences were same with original texts. The principal contents of this study can be summarized as follows. First, there are a few cases that the phrases of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm become more distinct and minute than that of the So Moon and the Young Chu. Second, there are many cases that the phrases of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm become briefer than that of the So Moon and the Young Chu. Third. many synonyms and equivalents of the phrases of the So Moon and the Young Chu were used in Dong-Eui Bo Kahm. Forth, there are a few wrong words and incorrect phrases in Dong-Eui Bo Kahm. Fifth, there are many omissed words and added words in Dong-Eui Bo Kahm. But that quoted sentences have same meaning with original sentenses. Sixth, original text book names were recorded in the end of all sentenses of Dong-Eui Bo Kahm, but there were a few wrong text book names.

There are Governor Vessel(督脈), Conception Vessel(任脈), Thoroughfare Vessel(衝脈), Belt Vessel(帶脈), YIN Heel Vessel(陰蹻脈), Yang Heel Vessel(陽蹻脈), Yin Link Vessel(陰維脈) and Yang Link Vessel(陽維脈) in the category of the Eight Extra Channels. They keep the equilibrium state by controlling the unbalance between qi and blood(氣血), Yin and Yang(陰陽), and irrigate the Twelve Regular meridians(十二經脈). They are independent of the Twelve Regular meridians(channels) in running(流注), and, therefore, have their own running, and symptoms of disease. We have bibliographically studied the running, cross points, and symptoms of the Eight Extra meridians, and described the results as figures. By this study, we could confirm that the Eight Extra meridians have their own running, and symptoms of disease. We'll have to study further the application of this conclusion and the correlation between the Extra meridians(奇經) and the Regular meridians(正經).

It is said that Dimentia is the state results in obstacle for work or social activity by decreased brain function. This study examined the causes, mechanisms, symptoms and theraphy for dimentia by comparing with references of Oriental & Westren medicine.

Recently many efforts were focused to understand the mechanical insights of melanogenesis to develop the agents for hyper-pigmentation and hypo-pigmentation. In the melanin biosynthetic pathway, tyrosinase is the rate limiting enzyme, and α-melanocyte stimulating hormone(MSH) stimulate melanogenesis and enhance the melanin synthesis and the tyrosinase activity. This study the effects of Radix Trichosanthis on the basal melanogenic activities of B16/F10 mouse melanoma cells, and on the α-MSH induced melanogenesis. Radix Trichosanthis alone markedly suppressed melanin content and tyrosinase activity in a dose-dependent manner. Pretreatment of the cells with Radix Trichosanthis also suppressed the increase of α-MSH (10 nM) induced melanin content and tyrosinase activity. These results suggest that Radix Trichosanthis inhibits melanogenesis and abrogates α-MSH induced melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells.

For the purpose of developing Korean Herbalogy with the plants of Polygonaceae which grow wild and is planted in Korea, the these and writings on herbalogy, from literature of successive generations, have been thoroughly investigative and the results obtained were as follows: 1. According to nature and flavour of medicinal plants, they were classified into cold, cool; 23 each, warmth, heat; 11 each, balance 11 and unidentified 5. Thus it was noticed that cold, cool is the main in nature and flavour of medicinal plants. 2. According to the Properties and Principal curative action, they were classified into drugs for clearing up heat and toxin 18, drugs for regulating the fellow of Gi to alleviate pain 14, drugs for removing heat from the blood to stop bleeding 13, drugs for expelling wind and removing dempness 11, drugs for parasiticide 11, drugs for promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis 10, drugs for strengthening the spleen and stomach 10, drugs for inducing diuresis to alleviate edema 9, drugs for improving acuity of vision 5 and drugs for tonifying and nourishing 4. Thus it was noticed that durgs for clearing up heat and toxin was the main kind. 3. Comparing to whole medicinal plants 47 kinds, toxic durgs include minor toxin were 12 kinds, 25% of the whole. Thus toxic durgs were slightly poisonous. From this result, it was revealed that the plants for medical purpose in Polygonaceae was 30% of the whole, in which drugs for clearong up heat and toxin was mostly abundunt and toxic plants was slightly poisonous. It is considered that many experiements and clinical approaches must be continued widely about slightly poisonous drugs.

With a view to investigating how Epimedium koreanum Nakai affects formation of melanin content in skin, we have measured change in the number of cell, melanin content, and tyrosinase activity by treating its aqueous extracts at various concentrations with B16 melanoma cells, the result of which is as follows: Firstly, cell viability has been shown as over 95% when treating with the aqueous extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai up to 200 ug/mL, from which the effect of cell toxicology has not nearly appeared. Secondly, the number of cell has been slightly decreased than that of the control group when treating with the aqueous extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai, which has not shown a statistical noteworthiness. Thirdly, the aqueous extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai has increased in tyrosinase activity. Fourthly, the aqueous extract of Epimedium koreanum Nakai has promoted the formation of melanin content, its final product. According to the result, it is confirmed that Epimedium koreanum Nakai has the influence on promoting melanization of B16 melanoma cell, and it is considered that Epimedium koreanum Nakai can be applicable for curing vitiligo caused by decrease or loss of pigment through a systematic study.

This study was performed to elucidate the effects of Epimedii Herba on the antibody responses in mice immunized by Ovalbumin (OVA). Antibodies in serum were detected in male ICR mice treated with the aqueous extract of Epimedii Herba at a dosage of 40, 120, and 360 mg/kg orally for 2 weeks. Effects of AEEH on antibody forming responses were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of immunoglobulin (Ig) levels in serum collected 7 days after priming with OVA in complete Freund,s adjuvant (CFA). The results were as follows; 1. Epimedii Herba slightly decreased body weight gain. 2. Epimedii Herba significantly increased the relative spleen weight. 3. Epimedii Herba significantly increased total serum IgG levels. 4. Epimedii Herba significantly enhanced total serum IgG1 levels. 5. Epimedii Herba significantly increased total serum IgG2a levels. 6. Epimedii Herba markedly increased total serum IgM levels. These findings demonstrate that Epimedii Herba significantly enhances serum antibody production after priming with OVA in CFA, and suggest that Epimedii Herba may prevent the host from microbial infections.