2005년 11월 13일 중국 동북3성에 있는 지린(吉林) 석유화학공장에서 일어난 폭발사고로 상수원인 송화강(松花, Songhua River)에 벤젠이 유출되어 인구 1000만명의 하얼빈시(哈爾濱)가 대 혼란에 빠진 사건의 실태와 이에 따른 교훈을 알고져 자료를 정리하였다.

Analysis of design parameters of residual treatment process at eight model water treatment plants, which were located in the four major watersheds, showed that there were large differences between those design parameters and the actual conditions. In this background, a new procedure was proposed and applied to the Chungju water treatment plant as an example of the optimum design of residual treatment process based on the characteristics of raw water. In this design example, a filter backwash recycle system consisting of a surging tank and sedimentation basin was newly proposed for more safe recycle of spent backwash water. It is expected that the design procedure proposed in this study would be estimated as a meaningful attempt to develope new design procedure for the domestic water industry.

This study examined management problems about the current rural sewage treatment facilities where is outside of sewage treatment boundary in Chungnam province. It suggested that optimum plan based on this investigation as follows. Management cost of sewage treatment facilities considering the circuit operation person was charge of about 51.8% personnel expenditure, 31.0% electricity power cost, and 9.9% repairing expenses. So, the presumptive cost will be to ￦191/㎥․d for the facility capacity a year. Recently the core operation and management has converted to environment related section or consignment company but a work subjective section administers the facilities that is a 75 districts of total 161 business zone yet. It is desirable to conclude a commission contract with the company which is operate the facilities including circuit operation person for sewage treatment plants. And it recommend that one who has qualified or certificate requirement for the sewage treatment should be stationed at the related section because there are no experienced men in many treatment facilities. Rural sewage treatment facilities and small sewage treatment plant whose capacity is more than 500㎥/d ought to be controlled by collecting sewage tax involved the related special budget according to local government regulations and the charge would be to notify the actual usage. Also, it is necessary to introduce unmanned automatic operating system in order to reduce labor costs, advance progressive management, and operate integrated management of facilities.

The aim of this study is to allocate the amount of discharging pollution loads according to the main pollutants such as population, livestock, soil, industrial facilities of Yugu basin which is a branch of Geumriver. Also, the object area was divided into 22 small subbasin sectors to assess the loading amount and applicate the water quality model. The considering items to forecast the water quality were restricted BOD, TN and TP which had affluent data relatively. And only BOD data was used to calculate unit loading amount of the basin and arrangement of optimum pollution load. As a calculating result for the amount of discharged pollution load based on the pollution sources and data, the loading amount and density of the basin became the highest after joining of Yugu and Magok. And the results of the expected loading amount indicated the increase rate of load occurrence was less than average ±1.5% per year for BOD, TN and TP. So, it was known that factors such as population, livestock and industrial transformation kept up as present. The flow running rate for the small drainage sector by the running load amount was highly analyzed TP, BOD and TN in order. And the running load amount was high in case small basin and short running length. Also, BOD contribution rate was large as near the length for the end point of the stream and high pollution influx. The running load amount was 629.85kg/d and permission load amount was 483.03kg/d at the end of Yugu basin. Therefore, it is considered that the amount is to reduce 146.82kg/d and reduction load amount by the region on establishing the sewage treatment facilities was expected 185.07kg/d for Yugu, 22.21kg/d Shinpoong, 25.91kg/d Sagok, 20.26kg/d Woosung and 255.40kg/d after total same time reduction. So, it is concluded that the arrangement of optimum load amount for reduction is proper to Yugu, Sagok, Shinpoong and Woosung orderly.

In this study, the paint, which has very close relationship to the of indoor air quality, was examined for the air pollution leveling test, and using the various passive sampler, the test was evaluated on the regard of TWA(Time Weighted Average). This study is to examine how the air pollution levels differ between the regular paint that is used for public and the new developed environment friendly paint. The consecutive experiments were performed in the small chamber test to investigate the VOCs and formaldehyde, ammonia emissions and characteristics from paint which are commonly used as the complete material of building. In conclustion, the natural paint showed the highest emission of VOCs among the selected paints, and water paint showed the highest contents of ammonia. Formaldehyde showed N.D(Not Detected) in most of tests and found a small amount in vinyl paint however, it was not as bad as to fail the certify level of building materials. It is recommended to constantly develop the chamber system and it will be very much possible to be used for the estimation of indoor air pollutants from the various paints and other complete materials.

The characteristics of fluidized bed catalytic combustion for sludge treatment have been studied in a pilot scale of fluidized bed combustor. 1.0wt% Pt of catalyst supported on the spherical alumina was mixed with the spherical pure alumina as a bed material. Sewage sludge, heating value of which is 3,440 kcal/kg, was used as a waste sample in the experiment. Through the experiments, the various characteristics such as a bed temperature profile and flue gas(CO, SO2) concentration profile were investigated and the catalyst mixing ratio and sample feed rate were applied as experimental parameters. The experimental results showed that bed temperature was maintained more highly and flue gas concentration decreased with the increase of the catalyst mixing ratio, and bed temperature was maintained more highly also and flue gas concentration increased with the increase of the sample feed rate. The combustion efficiency of fluidized bed catalytic combustion of the sludge increased with the increase of the catalyst mixing ratio and sample feed rate and reached more than 96%.