Purpose: Health professionals need to bemore sensitive to the languages used in clinical settings to better understand their patients and to generate better health outcomes. The purpose of this article was to introduce discourse analysis as a way of understanding languages related with health and illness. Methods: This was a review of studies done bymultiple scholars dealt with discourse analysis. Results: This study provides theoretical backgrounds and basic assumptions of discourse analysis. Several key concepts were demonstrated compared with phenomenology and grounded theory methods. Those were data collection, analysis, and purpose of the study. In addition, evaluation criteria of discourse analysis was provided with strategies to improve quality of the study. Lastly, exemplary texts on discourse analysis in healthcare area were presented to promote understanding. Conclusion: Discourse analysis can help healthcare professionals develop effective communication strategies by gaining insight and sensitivity on languages related with health and illness that are habitually used in healthcare settings.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to find and describe the social adjustment process of nursing students in the clinical practice. Methods: The participants were 19 nursing students who hadmore than 24 weeks clinical practice and agreed with the participation in this research. Data were collected from focused group interviews. The participants were divided into three groups. Data and transcribed notes were analyzed using the grounded theory methodology and it was developed by Strauss & Corbin (1998). Results: Core concept was extracted as “Adapting to the strange environment". And 6 interaction strategies of the social adjustment process of nursing students in the clinical practice were derived. 6 interaction strategies were as follows: 'Inquiring', 'Changing', 'Enduring', 'Accepting', 'Acquiring', and 'Attracting'. Conclusion: The results of this study will be used to develop the programs to support the adjustment of nursing students to the clinical practice. Especially this support program must embody the core concept that is "Adapting to the strange environment". That has been developed by nursing students who adjusted themselves to the strange environment by their own methods.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a theory describing the experiences of psychosocial adjustment (process) among the recipients of pancreas transplantation in Korea. Methods: Data were collected by individual in-depth interviews with nine recipients of pancreas transplantation during 2010-2011. The data were transcribed and analyzed using grounded theory method to identify psychosocial adjustment process. Results: As a result of constant comparative analysis, "Pursuing ordinary life to free fromrestraints of diabetes" emerged as the core category. Five stages emerged: 1) Temporal liberation and satisfaction; 2) Disappointing with regrets and anger; 3) Facing up to the reality to be thankful; 4) Executing self-initiated management; and 5) Peaceful acceptance of reality as it is. "Excessive expectation" and "social support" are other categories that influenced the process. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that health professionals need to provide tailored and balanced information to recipients of pancreas transplantation both before and after the transplantation to relieve psychosocial distress after the transplantation.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a substantial theory that explains the experiences of divorced women and the decisionmaking process before divorce. Methods: Data collection and analysis were conducted according to the grounded theory methodology. Data collection was performed through in-depth interviews and observations, which was recorded and transcribed verbatim by consent of the participants. The period of data collection was from December 2003 to October 2004, and the participants were 8 divorced women who had not remarried. Results: The core concept of this study was 'searching for one's real self' not 'an imposed self'. The decision-making process consisted of two phases and six stages. The factors that had an influence on the decision- making process of divorce were causal factors (risk factor of marriage), contextual factors (problems during marriage life), and intervening factors ('factors against divorce' and 'factors for divorce'). Conclusion: The findings of this study were expected to be useful in establishing effective nursing strategy and intervention suited for each stages of the decision making process on divorce.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was understanding of real experiences of the subjects taking anti-psychotics medication. Methods: The subjects of this study were 14 mentally ill patients hospitalized in C National Hospital. The interview data were analyzed with ethnography researchmethod. Results: 26 themes were drawn, and they were categorized into 5 categories. The 1st category was the stage not to acknowledge themselves as mentally ill patients, as mentally ill patients were forced to be hospitalized in the mental hospital by their family, when their mental illness developed. The second category was the stage to endure difficulties while taking medication. The third category was the stage to experience recurrence of disease. The fourth category is the stage to experience improvement of mental illness with medication. The fifth category is the stage to reflect thembecause of the improvement of mental illness, and to express confidence and will about medication after being discharged from the hospital. Conclusion:Nurses actually have to provide total care bymaking thementally ill patients feel comfortable not to have resistance about medication, when they are hospitalized, closely observing medication actions and side effects, and sharing difficulties felt by the patients.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and clarify the concept of happiness. Methods: A review of the literature was conducted using several databases. The databases were searched using the following key words: happiness, subjective well-being, and concept analysis. Literatures related to happiness were reviewed using the framework ofWalker and Avant's conceptual analysis process. Results: Happiness can be defined by the following attributes: 1) physical comfort, 2) socio-economic stability 3) comparative advantage 4) positive emotion from satisfying one's desire, 5) taking a positive view of reality, 6) satisfaction from interacting with others, 7) attainment of life goal through immersion. The antecedents of happiness are as follows: 1) characteristics, 2) basic needs, 3) cognitive system, 4) goal of life, 5) human relationship, 6) socio-economic status. The consequences of happiness are as follows: 1) positive coping mechanism of stress 2) mental health promotion. Conclusion: The theoretical definition for happiness is physical comfort and emotional pleasure related to satisfaction of personal needs in their social and cultural environment. It is satisfaction or adaptation according to personal characteristics and cognitive evaluation over the external situation. Furthermore achievement of life goal means the ultimate self-realization that brings meaningful outcome in human relationship.