Purpose: This qualitative research was conducted to explore the experiences of social workers encountering peer conflicts among abused boys living in child counseling protection center (center) and psychosocially intervening to resolve peer conflicts. Methods: The participants were four social workers who were caring for twenty abused boys at the center. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth interview, and field data. The collected data were analyzed by emic coding. Results: First, the experiences of social workers encountering peer conflict phenomena among abused boys were ‘psychological distortion from abuse trauma’, ‘manifestation of impulse or aggression to trivial stimuli’, and ‘lack of mutual respect among peers’. Second, the experiences of social workers intervening in resolving peer conflicts among abused boys were ‘stabilize offended feeling’, ‘maintain stability through verbal and non-verbal interventions’, ‘apply positive techniques to improve peer relations’, and ‘help abused children overcome trauma and grow’. Conclusion: Social workers confirmed that the role of social welfare experts was important to secure understanding and insight into peer conflicts between abused children and to convert the pain of abused children into positive energy. The results of this study will help social welfare professionals develop a family-centered abuse trauma recovery program for abused children.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the general nurses's experiences of missing patient identification. Methods: Participants were 12 nurses who experienced missing patient identification in general wards in hospitals. Data were collected with focus group interviews and individual in-depth interviews and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Results: As the results of this study, 128 statements, 4 themes and 13 sub-themes were derived. The four themes derived were ‘Situations that we had not to check patient identification properly’, ‘Fear and pressure from the result of missing patient identification’, ‘Feeling guilty to the results of missing patient identification’and ‘Efforts to reassuring patient identification’. Conclusion: In order to prevent the failure of patient identification, we need specialized programs to cultivate patient safety culture not only for nurses, also patients and caregivers, and all departments of hospital. We also need institutional efforts and effective hospital investment and supports for accomplishing the goal.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to understand the forest healing instructor's experiences of providing a forest healing program. Methods: The participants were 12 forest healing instructors who experienced managing a forest healing program at B mountain in C city. Data were collected using focus group interviews and individual in depth interviews and data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis method. Results: As the results of this study, 5 themes and 18 sub-themes were derived. The derived 5 themes were as follows; 1. Choosing a new path as a turning point in life 2. Ambiguity as a new forest healing instructor, 3. Feeling a reward as a forest healing instructor and feeling self-healing. 4. Facing difficulties in operating forest healing programs, 5. Having on-going tasks for the establishment of forest healing programs. Conclusion: In order to provide good forest healing program, we need to develop additional education programs for enhancing professionality as a forest healing instructor and continous long term economical supports and investment for forest healing instructors by the Korea Forest Service.

Purpose: This study explored and described the lived experiences of nurses in taking care of patients during COVID-19 pandemic in Korea. Methods: Data were collected through individual in-depth interviews with 10 nurses who involved in COVID-19 patient care. Verbatim transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological analysis. Results: Qualitative data analysis revealed three categories: ‘standing in front of the pandemic’, ‘harsh experience of caring for COVID-19 patients’, and ‘finding a way for better COVID-19 patients care’. The lived experience of nurses in caring of patients with COVID-19 infection was ‘finding the best way to provide proper care in unfamiliar and difficult pandemic situation’. Conclusion: The results illustrated the motivation, meaning, and value of pandemic care from the nurses’ perspective. Nurses felt proud of being a part of dedicated hard-working team but distressed by crumbling death without dignity and pressured by being thrown at the front-line in the COVID-19 battle. The advanced practice nurses’ hidden supports and advices were helpful for them to reinforce nursing capacity for optimal care. Nursing professionalism should be enhanced by establishing the scope of practices and providing systematic support with appropriate rewards.

Purpose: Spiritual communication is very important in the end of life care or during spiritual distress. But there are few guides on spiritual communication. The purpose of this study was to present the process and method of spiritual communication. Methods: Literature review and content analysis were adopted in this study. In this study, 12 documents were extracted and analyzed in the foreign academic literature dealing with 'spiritual communication', 'spiritual conversation' as main keywords. The concepts of spirit, spirituality, spiritual need, and spiritual health were briefly presented based on the results of previous major studies. Results: Spiritual communication is communication on spiritual topics to satisfy spiritual needs, to alleviate spiritual distress, and to promote spiritual health. In other words, it is communication that allows spirituality to be expressed positively by overcoming obstacles that lead to spiritual health. The process of spiritual communication is divided into preparation for spiritual communication investigation of spiritual history, and communication on spiritual topics. Conclusion: Spiritual communication is very important in spiritual crisis. In particular, patients with severe illnesses such as advanced cancer, the end of life care and spiritual distress, want to talk with their health care providers about spiritual topics. The results of this study will provide important information for future research for the development of spiritual communication skills.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe and understand the experiences of pain and the perceptions of treatment through a traditional Korean medicine clinical trial in patients with non-acute pain after back surgery. Methods: The data collection was recorded through in-depth interviews with 20 participants and transcribed with verbatim. The data were analyzed with qualitative contents analysis. Results: Patients with persistent or recurring pain after back surgery experienced physical and psychological symptoms that resulted in severe difficulties in daily and working life. Their persistent or recurring pain after surgery was a burden in their life and a major source of depression. Because of the difference in the perception of pain between doctors and patients, the patients continuously sought and received various treatments. The patients also wanted to receive customized self-management in exercise so that they could control pain themselves in daily life. Conclusion: A multidisciplinary approach that includes psychological counseling, pain management, individualized exercise, and education for proper posture should be needed to reduce low back pain in patients with pain after back surgery.