Purpose: This study was conducted to understand the ethical climate, nursing practice environment, and ethical sensitivity of hospital nurses, and to investigate the influence of the ethical environment and nursing practice environment on ethical sensitivity. Methods: The subjects of the study were 137 nurses with at least one year of work experience. Date collection was conducted from July to August 2021, using the IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0 for Windows program(IBM Corp. Armont, NY, USA), the frequency and percentage, mean and standard deviation and Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, Multiple regression analysis. Results: As a result of the study, the ethical sensitivity of hospital nurses showed statistically significant differences according to age, marital status, position, and ethical educational experience. Ethical sensitivity was found to have a significant positive correlation between all sub-factors of the ethical environment and all sub-factors of the nursing practice environment. Among the sub-factors of the ethical environment, the factor influencing ethical sensitivity in this study is ‘relationship with peers (β=.20, p=.034) ’ and ‘relationship with manager (β=.24, p=.023) and the explanatory power was 42.0%, which was statistically significant (F=8.26, p<.001). Conclusion: This study confirmed that ‘relationship with peers’ and ‘relationship with managers’ influence ethical sensitivity among ethical environments. Therefore, it will be necessary to form a positive relationship between peers and managers to improve the ethical sensitivity of hospital nurses.

This descriptive correlational study describes the relationship between collaboration among health care professions and nurses’ organizational commitment in the operating room. A cross sectional survey of nurses (N = 142) was conducted in March 2020. The participants were nurses with more than one year work experience in operating rooms at three university hospitals in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Collaboration among nurses was measured using the Nurse–Nurse Collaboration Scale, while collaboration between nurses and physicians was measured by the Nurse-Physician Collaboration Scale (NPCS). All analyses were conducted using the IBM SPSS Statistics, version 23.0 with independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's Correlation, and multiple regression. The results were as follows : The collaboration among operating room nurses was scored with an average of 2.87 out of a total of 4. Collaboration between operating room nurses to physician scored 3.47 average out of 5 total. Organizational commitment scored 3.24 average out of 5 total. The factors influencing the organizational commitment of nurses in operating rooms include collaboration among nurses and effective communication, as well as collaboration between nurses and physicians for decision-making regarding treatment and nursing care. The explanatory amount of general characteristic, nurse-physician collaboration, and nurse-nurse collaboration variables was 33%, 15%, 13% respectively. Based on these findings, to enhance collaboration among operating room nurses, there is a significant need for systematic education on communication skills and decision-making competencies, continuous research, and organizational efforts.

Due to the introduction of Smart Advanced Life Support in 2015, paramedics can provide Advanced Cardiovascular Life Support to patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Although studies have been conducted to confirm the effectiveness of Smart Advanced Life Support for patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, there is a lack of exploration of the experiences that paramedics face in the field in a changed environment. In this paper, I report two cases experienced by paramedics when using Smart Advanced Life Support, including communication with uncooperative caregivers and the burden felt by paramedics. In addition, to promote Smart Advanced Life Support, I propose enhancing paramedic training, establishing communication guidelines with caregivers, expanding the promotion of Smart Advanced Life Support, and providing customized education for the elderly.