SOCS3, a suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, is known as a negative regulator of various cytokines and a tumor suppressor gene in human tumors. This study aimed to investigate the role of SOCS3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its impact on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in OSCC cells. Although SOCS3 is recognized as a negative regulator of various cytokines and a tumor suppressor gene in human tumors, its specific effects on OSCC remain poorly understood. For the assessment of SOCS3 expression in OSCC, the UALCAN website and TCGA data were used to evaluate its expression in head and neck cancer. Additionally, immunohistochemical staining was conducted to determine the SOCS3 expression specifically in OSCC. The findings indicated a significant decrease in SOCS3 expression in tumor tissue compared to that in normal tissues. To investigate the enhancement of SOCS3 expression in OSCC cancer cell lines, IL6 treatment was administered to MC3 cells. However, no significant differences were observed in cell viability, wound healing assay, and invasion assay. Conversely, the transfection of SOCS3 siRNA into OSCC cells led to a notable increase in cell viability and statistically significant increases in wound healing and invasion assays. These results suggest that SOCS3 plays a crucial role in cell viability and EMT in OSCC, thereby contributing to oral carcinogenesis. Further research is necessary to elucidate the precise role of SOCS3 in OSCC.

Jang, Ji Young. (2023). “A Study of Apology Strategy Realized in Apology Text of Public Figure: Focusing on the Impact on Public Evaluation”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 31(2), 59-93. The purpose of this study is to examine how the apology strategy used in the apology text of public figure affects the public's evaluation of the apology. Based on the losing face and saving face of the speaker and listener, the framework of the apology strategy was presented, and based on this, which apology strategy was used in the actual apology text. In addition, the public's evaluation of each apology was presented, and based on the analysis, the apology was divided into a positive apology and a negative apology, and compared and analyzed which apology strategy was used in each apology. The more the apology strategy was used to save the listener's face by damaging the speaker's face, the more the public evaluated the apology positively the more they did not use the strategy of saving the speaker's face and damaging the listener's face. On the other hand, apologies using strategies that save the speaker's face and damage the listener's face are negatively evaluated despite the use of strategies that damage the speaker's face. In other words, the apology strategy realized in the apology text is an important factor in determining the public's evaluation.

A new dark brown variety of Flammulina velutipes, referred to as ‘Asakchoco’, was bred by crossing two monokaryons isolated from the ‘Yeoreumhyang2ho’ and ‘Guemhyang2ho’ varieties. The pileus color of the new variety is dark brown and the stipe color is ivory, with uniformity from the upper section to the base. In addition, the primordia formation is uniform compared to that of the control, and the advantage of this is that the pileus does not become deformed after the primordia formation. During bottle cultivation, the period necessary for mycelial growth was 40 d, for primordia formation was 8 d, and for fruiting body growth was 16 d. The total cultivation period was 64 d, which was 2 d shorter than that of the control. The pileus was smaller and thicker and the stipe diameter was the same, but the stipe length was longer than that of the control. The number of valid stipes per bottle was 441, 24% higher than that of the control (357), and the yield was 197 g, 19% higher than that of the control (166 g).

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of tabletop disaster simulation of nursing students’ disaster preparedness and core competencies on disaster nursing. Methods: This study employed a nonequivalent control group multiple time-series design. The experimental group (n=27) underwent a lecture and nursing simulation education program on disaster nursing. Control group (n=27) underwent only lecture a review on disaster nursing. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics and repeated ANOVA and Bonferni test. Results: Disaster preparedness showed significant differences in groups by time (F=47.25, p<.001). Competencies on disaster nursing showed significant differences in groups by time (F=19.38, p<.001). Conclusion: This study showed that disaster nursing tabletop simulation education program was significantly effective in increasing disaster preparedness and core competencies on disaster nursing in nursing students.

In this study, we aimed to compare the mycelial growth of Pleurotus ostreatus after medium supplementation with various amino acids at different concentrations to select the optimal medium nutrient composition for mycelial growth. The mycelial growth of P. ostreatus was investigated after adding four amino acids (tryptophan, threonine, methionine, and lysine) at 0.5% or 1% to the medium.The rate of P. ostreatus mycelial growthwas faster in the potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium supplemented with threonine at 0.5% or 1% than that of the control, whereas it was inhibited by tryptophan treatment. Supplementation of sawdust mediumwith all amino acids, except tryptophan, at 0.5% did not alter the mycelial growth, compared to the controls. However, addition of any amino acid to sawdust medium at a higher concentration (1%) inhibited the mycelial growth. The laccase acitivity of P. ostreatus mycelium cultured in PDA medium was the highest when threonine was added, and the lowest when tryptophane was added, consistent with the results of the mycelial growth. Therefore, the addition of threonine, methionine, or lysine to PDA medium at a concentration of 0.5-1%was effective for increasing the mycelial growth of P. ostreatus; however, it inhibited mycelial growth insawdust medium, suggesting that the effects of amino acids dependedon the medium nutrient composition.

목적 : 본 연구는 코로나19 상황에서 작업치료사가 느끼는 두려움이 직무스트레스 및 자기효능감에 미치 는 영향을 알아보고자 한다. 연구방법 : 2022년 6월 1일~8월 1일 동안 전국에서 근무하는 작업치료사를 대상으로 코로나19 관련 두려움 및 정신건강과 관련된 직무스트레스, 자기효능감에 관련된 설문조사를 시행하였다. 총 240부의 설문지 중 오염 및 누락을 제외한 최종 234부의 자료를 분석하였다. 결과 : 첫쩨, 작업치료사의 코로나19 관련 두려움은 최종학력, 치료인원, 업무분야, 소속기관의 방역 시행 여부에 서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 둘째, 직무스트레스는 최종학력, 근무기관, 업무분야에 따라 유의하게 나타났다. 셋째, 자기효능감은 성별, 나이, 결혼, 직위, 근무지역, 고용형태, 최종학력, 근무기관, 임상경력, 치료인원 및 업무분야에서 유의한 차이를 보였다. 넷째, 작업치료사의 코로나19 관련 두려움은 직무스트레스에 영향을 미쳤고, 동시에 대상자의 일반적 특성중 근무지역과 업무분야가 직무스트레스에 영향을 미쳤다. 다섯째, 작업치 료사의 코로나19 관련 두려움은 자기효능감에 영향을 미쳤고, 대상자의 일반적 특성 중 근무기관, 임상경력, 치료인원, 근무지역이 자기효능감에 영향을 미쳤다. 결론 : 연구결과, 코로나19 관련 두려움은 직무스트레스와 자기효능감에 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 향후 코로나19와 같은 감염병 상황에서 작업치료사의 정신건강을 위한 교육프로그램 및 직무 가이드라인을 개발할 것을 제언하고자 한다.

본 연구는 개가 나타내는 공격 행동 원인을 살펴보고, 이로부터 피해를 예방하는 대처 방안을 살펴보는데 목적을 가지고 있다. 이를 위해 2010년부터 2023년까지 국내·외 연구 및 출판 도서 24편을 바탕으로 개의 공격 행동의 원인이 되는 내적·외적·심리적 요인과 대처방안을 제시하기 위해 문헌고찰을 수행하였다. 연구 결과 첫째, 개의 영양상태와 심 리적 안정을 포함한 내인적 요인이 공격 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인임이 나타났다. 둘째, 견주의 책임감 있는 양육태도와 질병 및 스트레스로부터의 보호, 적절한 훈련과 사회화 과정이 필요함을 확인하였다. 셋째, 개에 대한 이해와 적절한 접근에 대한 인식 통해 공격 행동으로 인한 사고를 예방할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 나아가 개의 이해와 견주의 역할, 지역사회와 시스템 차원의 접근을 통해 근본적인 대책을 수립할 수 있다. 본 연구는 개의 공격 행동의 원인과 대처방안에 대한 후속 연구의 기초자료를 제공하고, 실효성 있는 정 책의 방향 제안에 근거를 제공하였다는 점에서 의의를 가진다.

PURPOSES : The process of extracting and recovering an asphalt binder from an asphalt mixture is harmful to the human body and can affect the properties of the asphalt binder owing to the presence of residual solvent quantities. This study was conducted to determine the properties of aged asphalt binders based on rejuvenator content without extracting and recovering the asphalt binders using RAP mortar. METHODS : After extracting and recovering aged binders from waste asphalt, a rejuvenator was added at a certain rate to evaluate the physical and rheological properties of the binder based on the added amount. RESULTS : When the rejuvenator content was greater than necessary, the absolute viscosity was not properly measured owing to the behavior of the rejuvenator. The phase angle was measured to be almost 90°, thus indicating that it acted as a liquid . In addition, the shear strain and nonrecovery compliance also increased significantly. CONCLUSIONS : If an excess rejuvenator quantity was added to the aged binder, the absolute viscosity was not properly measured, the phase angle was measured to be almost 90°, and the shear strain increased significantly. It is also necessary to conduct the same tests on different types of RAPs to ensure that the results of this study are reasonable.

본 논문은 서서평(徐舒平)의 22년 선교활동과 그의 전도부인들과 의 동역 관계를 통해 선교전략과 활동들을 분석하였다. 호남지역을 중심의 다양한 선교 활동으로 지금까지도 그는 긍정적 평가를 받고 있다. 미국남장로교 선교부 간섭을 최소한으로 받으면서 그는 ‘걸어다 니는 하나의 선교부’처럼 의료선교를 위한 병원간호사업에만 국한되지 않고 간호사양성 및 국제무대 진출, 여학교사업, 순회전도 및 교회개척, 확장주일학교, 사경회, 부인조력회활동, 사회사업 등을 하였다. 이렇 게 그가 단독으로 엄청난 사역의 양을 감당하고 전문적 역량을 사용하며 비전을 상당히 실현해 나갈 수 있었던 이유는 일제 강점 식민지 아래서 생존의 욕구가 강했던 현지 한국여성기독교인들의 계몽의지와 순수신 앙으로 그의 선교에 적극적으로 호응하고 동역했기 때문이다. 성육신적 선교를 이행했던 그의 물음에 구원의 희망으로 응답한 전도부인들로 인해 한국교회의 부흥, 기독교문화 형성, 여성지위향상, 사회개혁의 기반이 이루어졌다고 볼 수 있다.

Purpose: This study explored illness experiences and the demands for a health-related program tailored to individuals with chronic disease at one of the Korean Seon Centers. It also utilized this information as foundational data for developing a program tailored to their needs. Methods: The study utilized focus group interviews to collect data from members of one of the Korean Seon centers who have chronic disease, regarding their illness experiences and their expectations for disease management programs. The collected data was then analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method. Results: The analysis yielded five overarching themes and 14 subthemes. These themes included opposing responses to disease diagnosis, reflections on the causes of disease, efforts toward disease recovery, obstacles to disease recovery, and the need for a customized disease management program. Conclusion: The findings highlighted the challenges the participants faced in their disease recovery process. They expressed a strong desire for a comprehensive management program that incorporates in-depth information, experience sharing, and education. Such a program would empower individuals to take control of their physical and mental well-being.

본 연구는 기업 간 인수합병에서 피인수기업의 거래 가격이 인수기업의 기업 가치에 미치는 효과를 분석하였다. 이때 기업환경과 특성을 종합적으로 고려하기 위하여 산업 내 경쟁 수준과 피인수기업의 이종 산업 여부 등 두 가지 조절변수를 제안하였다. 본 연구의 모형을 검증하기 위하여 SDC Platinum에서 미국기업의 인수합병 관련 데이터를 수집하였고, 기업 관련 데이터는 WRDS Compustat에서 수집하였다. 2014년부터 2019년까지의 기 간을 대상으로 최종적으로 309개 기업에 대한 총 695건의 M&A 관련 데이터를 표본으로 선정하였다. 분석 결 과, 인수합병 시 거래 가격은 인수기업의 미래가치에 부정적인 효과를 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 인수기업 이 속한 산업 내 경쟁 수준이 높을수록 이러한 효과는 긍정적인 방향으로 상쇄되었다. 특히 인수합병 대상이 이 종 산업에 속한 기업일 경우, 그러한 상쇄 효과는 더욱 강해지는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 인수합병의 거래가 격이 인수기업의 미래가치에 유의한 영향을 미치는 동시에, 그 효과가 산업 내 경쟁수준과 피인수기업의 이종 산 업 여부에 따라 조절된다는 사실을 계량적으로 입증했다는 점에서 학술적 의의를 가진다.