남한지역의 노랑굴파리아과 정리결과 미기록종 22종(Aphanotrigonum occultivirga-tum, Calamoncosis duinensis, Conioscinella gallarum, Dicraeus stackelberigi, Elachiprera biculiminata, Elachiptera tuberculifera,Gampsocera sp., Meijerlla inaequalis, Psilacrum sp., Rhodesiella nitidifrons, Rhopaopterum anthracinum, Scoliophthalmus japonensis, Siphunculina sharmani, Speccafrons pallidiventris, Togeciphus katoi, Chloropsina sp., Cryptonevra diadema, Cryptonevra inqilina, Lasiosina orientallis, Meromyza\ulcornersororcula, Paeudopachychaeta so. and Steleocerellus ensifer)을 포함한 34종을 보고한다. 지금까지 보고된 종을 포함하면 한국산 노랑굴파리아과는 총 45종이 된다.

폴리스티렌과 싸이클로헥산 용액으로부터 제조된 멤브레인의 미세구조 형성에 미치는 coarsening의 효과를 주사전자현미경(SEM)을 이용하여 연구하였다. 고분자 용액의 열 분석은 DSC를 이용하여 행하여졌으며 demixing peak의 개시 온도로부터 binodal 곡선이 결정되었다. 열적으로 유도된 상 분리(TIPS) 공정과 freeze drying 기법을 이용하여 제조된 고분자 막의 미세 구조는 coarsening 시간과 quench 경로에 의해 큰 영향을 받음이 확인되었다. Spinodal decomposition이 상 분리 기구인 경우에는 멤브레인의 미세구조가 서로 잘 연결되고 거의 일정한 cell 크기를 갖게 되며, 용매를 제거하기 이전에 상 분리 시간을 증가시킴으로써 멤브레인의 pore 크기를 증가시킬 수 있음이 판명되었다. 또한 멤브레인의 cell 또는 pore 크기 증가는 coarsening time과 quench depth에 크게 의존함이 확인되었다. 본 연구에서는 특히 고분자 용액의 농도가 이로부터 제조되는 고분자 막의 구조에 미치는 역할을 규명하였다.

Insect growth regulator, juvenile hormone, antihormone, pheromone, repellent, chemical ecology

본 연구의 목적은 코로나 사태로 인해 대학에서 실시된 비상 온라인 영어 수업이 원어민 교수자의 인식과 태도에 미치는 영향과 2020년 1학기와 2학기 사이에 어떠한 인식의 변화가 있었는지 알아보는 것이다. 1학기에는 88명, 2학기에는 106명의 교수자가 설문에 참여 하였으며 그 결과, 두 학기 참여자 대부분은 학생들의 영어 능력과 자신감이 향상되었다고 믿는 것으로 나타났다. 참여자들은 비상 온라인 수업으로 인하여 학생들의 수업 참여도, 소통, 협업, 공동체 의식은 일반 수업에 비해 낮았다고 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 1학기에 비하여 2학기에 앞서 언급한 모든 분야에서 현저히 발전된 모습을 보였으며 학생들은 새로운 방식으로 자신을 표현하는 능력을 보였다고 답하였다. 설문에 응답한 교수자들은 대부분 비상 온라인 수업 방식에 대해 비교적 긍정적인 태도를 보였으며 두 학기에 걸쳐 실시된 영어 프로그램이 성공적이라고 인식하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그 이유로는 한국의 기존 기술 인프라와 학생들의 전자기기에 대한 숙련도, 교수자들의 수업을 돕기 위해 매주 실시 되었던 교육 프로그램을 들 수 있다. 또한, 소규모 수업이었다는 것과 새로운 프로그램이 아닌 기존의 프로그램을 적용했다는 것도 교수자들이 비상 온라인 영어 수업에 대해 긍정적인 인식을 갖는데 영향을 미쳤다고 할 수 있다.

Generic medicine (GM), which is an alternative drug product for branded medicine (BM), is used less in Japan than in other OECD countries. Therefore, we investigate why the medical consumers of Japan avoid the use of GMs even though the efficacy and safety of the medicines have already been proven. We theorize that effectiveness or risk of GMs are related to the consumer attitude toward GMs is affected by the behavioral approach/activation system (BAS) which promotes actions to reach the desired state, and the behavioral inhibition system (BIS) which suppresses behaviors to avoid negative outcomes. To see which of the BAS and BIS dimensions are related to GM usage, we surveyed 374 Japanese consumers and found that Quality, Efficacy, Safety, & Cost-effectiveness with the BAS, and Functional Risk, Financial Risk, Social Risk, Physical Risk, Psychological Risk, & Time Risk with the BIS had a significant effect on consumer attitude to GMs. These results are important in that they 1), confirm the role of BAS/BIS in attitudes to GMs, 2), provide guidelines when marketing GMs, 3), help governments promote the use of GMs as a cost-saving measure, and 4), guide future surveys regarding consumer attitudes to GMs.

A cartridge type sensor head was fabricated to detect the level of corrosion in steel cables with consistent or varying cross sections by assessing the LMA (Loss of Metallic Area) damage. Two coil sensor cartridges were made to cater to cables with up to 70mm and 150mm. The developed system was verified through lab experiment using a tapered steel cable specimen, and through a field test conducted in cable bridge. The result showed that the developed system is capable of assessing a cable with varying cross section.

In T. S. Eliot’s early poetry there is a fascination with sexual behavior, sexual criminality, and even instances of cannibalism. These occur in both his published work and in his unpublished Columbo and Bolo poems. Critical attention on this aspect of Eliot’s early work has focused on the themes of gender and race. His attitudes towards women have been well studied by feminist scholars. The critical focus on the Columbo and Bolo poems has emphasized Eliot’s attitudes towards African Americans and his consciousness of race in the American context. But there is another way of understanding these themes and this has rather more to do with class than gender or race. Eliot’s emblematic figure for the ordinary man from the lower classes, namely his Sweeney persona, has a decidedly Irish character. Eliot’s references to sex crimes and cannibalism emphasize the presence of such savagery, not in what used to be called ‘primitive’ societies, but in the very heart of civilization. For a well-educated, upper middle class young man with a New England background during the period of Irish immigration to America and to the political assertiveness of the Irish in both the United States and Great Britain, there is more to fear from the Sweeneys than from comical characters like King Bolo.

The concept of Original Sin is central to Anglo-Catholic and Roman Catholic theology. In both Paul's epistle to the Romans and Article IX of the Church of England's Thirty-Nine Articles, Original Sin is not seen merely as an aspect among others of a Christian life but an unavoidable condition of existence. This belief in the fallen state of humanity and nature presents the Christian poet with particular difficulties and nowhere are these difficulties more in evidence than in the matter of language. T. S. Eliot's embrace of Anglo-Catholicism within Anglicanism put the matter of language at the center of his later work, especially Ash-Wednesday and Four Quartets. If humans are fallen creatures, the language they use must, in some sense, be fallen too. Eliot recognized this dilemma and adopted a number of stylistic devices in his later poetry to convey his sense of the fate of language in a fallen world. These devices include his use of repetition that suggests a kind of stammering, incomplete grammatical structures and punctuation, self-deprecatory statements, moments of self-exposure and confession. Most notably in both Ash-Wednesday and Four Quartets, Eliot cautions his readers not to be beguiled by the beauty of poetry itself. In 'East Coker' he goes so far as to state baldly that the 'poetry does not matter'.

A long-term study initiated in 1989 at San-born Field, Columbia, Missouri, was designed to evaluate the affect of environmental factors, nitrogen application, and crop rotation on soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) seed composition. Soybeans were grown as part of a four- year rotation which included corn (Zea maize L.), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). Results from soil tests made prior to initiation of the study and subsequently every five years, were used to calculate application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium necessary for target yield of pursuant crops. In the experimental design, nitrogen was applied to one-half of the plot on which the non-leguminous crop, either corn or wheat was grown. Analysis of soybean seed by near infrared reflectance spectroscopy collected over an 11-year period revealed a linear increase in protein and decrease in oil content. Application of nitrogen fertilizer to non-leguminous crops did not have an apparent effect on total protein or oil content of subsequent soybean crop. Analysis of soybean seed proteins by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis in conjunction with computer­assisted densitometry revealed subtle changes in the accumulation of seed proteins. Immunoblot analysis using antibodies raised against the β-subunit of β-conglycinin showed a gradual increase in the accumulation of the 7S components during successive years of the experiment. A linear increase in temperature and decrease in rainfall was observed from the onset of data· collection. Higher temperatures during the growing season have been linked to increased protein and diminished oil content of soybean, thus changes observed in this study are possibly related to climatic conditions. However, crop rotation and subsequent changes in soil ecology may contribute to these observed changes in the seed composition.