The purpose of this paper is to cross-culturally analyze the meaning of 'love' in Korean and American pop lyrics of 1980's. Pointing out that the information provided by dictionaries is not sufficient to understand the cultural meaning of 'love', the corpus analytic method of semantic prosody is introduced as it is explicated by Hunston (2002). Using this semantic prosody technique, three different sets of pop lyrics are analyzed with WordSmith Tools software. The three data sets, one Korean and two American, represent 150 pop lyrics. Specifically, these texts are analyzed in terms of distribution patterns of 'love' in the lyrics. First, the modification pattern of 'love' is investigated. It is found that the Korean data is significantly skewed toward negative expressions, producing negative semantic prosody of 'love', while the American data which reflect American culture is overwhelmingly skewed toward positive expressions, producing positive semantic prosody. That is, Koreans experience 'love' in a fairly negative terms in their pop music, while Americans basically treat it positively. Interestingly, the American pop lyrics popular with the Korean public show in-between characteristics. Next, the predication patterns of 'love' are investigated when it plays the role of subject NP. The result again shows that these two cultures define 'love' drastically differently in their pop music. In sum, the semantic prosody technique proved to be useful as an analytic method for cross-cultural studies.

Jesus proclaimed at Matt 18:20 “For where two or three come together in my name, there am I with them.” Jesus shared comfort with the minority and blessed them with the hands of healing. It is a picture of a church that should be a community in which even a few prayers gather and bear testimony calling the name of Jesus. If just two or three people get together, this meeting is not recognized as a church in reality. A rule of Korean Methodist Church says that a newly settled church has to be composed of more than 12 members who have been baptized. Korean Presbyterian Church, on the other hand, sets up a rule that a criterion of establishing a church is more than 15 baptized christian. At this stage, it is strongly needed to discuss what Jesus get together with even a few people means to the reality of modern church and to the argument of minor church in Korea. This study is just a general view for the establishment of the identity of small church. This paper is to introduce the concept of a small church in America. Then the approach to Korean situation is researched with the evaluation of missiology. It is desired that this study may be the foundation which sets up the criterion for the small churches in Korea.

본 연구의 목적은 다른문화권 간에 경관이 지닌 전형성과 그 경관에 대한 시각적 선호성의 관계를 확인하고, 여기에 지역간 혹은 문화간 차이가 존재하는 지를 비교해 보는데 있다. 영국과 한국의 전형적 자연경관을 선별하기 위하여 영국의 케이른고럼스 국립공원과 한국의 지리산 국립공원의 사진이 이용되었다. 이에 대한 자연경관 선호를 측정하기 위하여 케이른고럼스 국립공원 및 지리산 국립공원 방문자에 대한 사진설문 조사가 실행되었다. 연구의 결과, 두 집단 모두 연령과 방문횟수가 유의한 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 케이른고럼스 국립공원 응답자의 경우 지리산 국립공원 응답자에 비하여 방문 빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 전형성과 선호성의 관계에 있어서는, 지리산 자연경관의 전형성이 높은 경우에 이에 대한 시각적 선호성도 높게 나타났으나, 반면에 케이른고럼스 경관의 전형성이 높은 경우에는 시각적 선호성이 오히려 낮게 나타났다. 즉, 자연경관의 전형성과 시각적 선호성 사이에는 유의한 관계가 성립하지만, 문화집단간 그 정도의 방향은 다르게 나타났다.

The purpose of this study was to improve the professional's development of skill in qualitative analysis of humanMovement fromthe various subdisciplines of physical education. The conclusions were as follows; First, Physical educators and coaches can impr

  본 연구에서 조합 최적화(Combinatorial Optimization) 이론에 바탕을 두고 있는 네스티드 분할(Nested Partition, 이하 NP) 방법을 이용한 최적화 기반 요소선택 방법(Feature Selection)을 제안한다. 이 새로운 방법은 좋은 요소 부분집합을 찾는 휴리스틱 탐색 절차를 채용하고 있으며 데이터의 인스턴스(Instances 또는 Records)의 무작위 추출(Random Sampling)을 이용하여 이 요소선택

This paper proposes a hierarchical approach to the machine loading problem when the workload and tool magazine capacity of each machine are restrained. This heuristic approach reduces the maximum workload of the machines by partially grouping them. This research deals with situations where different groups of machines performing the same operation require different processing times. This work proposes a solution that is comprised of two phases. In first phase, demand is divided into batches and then operations are allocated. In Phase II, the processing time of the operation is different for each machine group, which is composed of the same identical machines; however, these machines can perform different sets of operations if tooled differently. In partial grouping, each machine is tooled differently, but they can assist one another in processing each individual operation.

Although conservative management of congenital muscular torticollis (CMT) has been well documented, relatively little is known about the response to the treatment. The purposes of this case report were to describe the use of a therapeutic approach based on motor development in physical therapy intervention for an infant with CMT and to report the result of the treatment. The patient was a 20-day-old baby boy with left CMT presenting muscular mass in the left sternocleidomastoid muscle. The angle of the lateral head tilt was 20 degrees. The size of muscular mass was 5.3 mm in ultrasonography. Intervention included ultrasonic therapy, soft tissue massage, passive and active range of motion exercises, motor developmental therapy, and parent instruction. The procedures of motor developmental therapy and changes in the amount of lateral head tilt were documented using photography. The size of the mass was decreased to .3 mm before the 5-month follow-up. The patient also maintained a midline head position in the supine position and a midline head alignment during all functional activities. A therapeutic approach based on motor development is a beneficial method for reducing an asymmetrical head and neck position, and facilitating normal development as a component of physical therapy intervention.

This study is designed to introduce perspectives of sociological understanding for criminal punishment. The basic stance of sociology of punishment is that we should consider social contexts under which penal policy and criminal justice activities are constructed and processed. This notion is quite different from the existing penological approach to the enterprise of crime control : it focuses on finding the best way to deter criminals from committing crimes and evaluating the most effective correctional programs and punishment devices. On the contrary, the sociology of punishment seeks to understand punishment within the broader social environments such as economic and political contexts. According to the sociological account of the function of punishment, a main role of punishment is not confined in its instrumental purposes. It also serves as an indicator to represent the society itself. Based on this line of understanding, this article first clarifies the concept and functions of punishment in sociological terms and then introduces explanations for changes in forms of punishment suggested by Durkheim, Marxist penal sociologists and Foucault. Next, it reviews many empirical studies that consider social, economic, political contexts for explaining crime control practices such as imprisonment. In conclusion, this study encourages further research adopting the sociological lenses in exploring criminal justice practices.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of process approach for business performance of a company certified with ISO 9000 : 2000 quality management system. The result of this empirical research were identified as follows. Documentation a

This paper presents the practical goals and approaches to drive forward informatization of small and medium enterprises(SMES). The presented goals such as productivity, duedate, production cost, and quality measurements are used effectively in the previou

최근 들어 제조가 발생되는 모든 분야에서 정보의 의미론적 전달방법 및 체계를 정형화하는 작업이 표준화와 더불어 활발히 진행되고 있다. 제조시스템에서 문제가 발생하였을 때 간결하고 정확한 문제 진단에 대한 정보전달은 비용의 절감은 물론 생산성 향상을 위해서도 필수적인 요소이다. 본 연구에서는 제조시스템에서 최적화된 정보전달을 위한 상황이론적 방법론을 제시한다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 방법론의 궁극적인 목적은 실제 제조공정이나 현장에서 발생되는 복잡한 정보의 흐름, 표현, 관리를 효율적으로 할 수 있고 작업자, 관리자, 경영자 모두가 공통적으로 활용할 수 있는 정형화된 틀을 만드는데 있다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 방법론은 제조 현장에서 공정상의 문제점을 분석하고 검사할 수 있는 도구로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.