Notwehr und Notstand als Rechtfertigungsgrund verlangen Gegenwärtigkeit, Interressenabwägung und Erfordernis. In der Regel, die Gegenwärtigkeit des Angriffs daß eine zeitliche Eingenzung der Notwehrlage vergelangt wird, stimmt mit diesen Notstand. Vom Standpunkt der Defensivnotstand, wenn Präventive Notwehr anwenden soll, es kommt in Frage daß eine zeitliche Eingernzung zu weiter wird. Aber die zeitliche Eingrenzung der Notwehrlage soll unter dem Einfluß von den Existenz des Angreffs. Die akute Bedrohung der Rechtsgüter des Angegriffenen liegt nicht nur einem laufenden Angriff vor, sondern auch im davorliegenden und im darauffolgenden Stadium. Wenn durch Strafgewalt Staat die Rechtbewährung nicht beschützen kann, in diesem Moment die Gegenwärtigkeit in Notwehrlage soll anerkannt werden. Das folgt aus der ratio des rechtfertigenden Notstands, der nicht auf dem Prinzip des maximalen Gesamtnutzens, sondern auf dem der Solidarität beruht. So die Verletzung eines abstrakt höherwertigen Rechtsguts kann also zum Zweck des Schutzes eines geringerwertigen, dem im konkreten Fall eine erheblich intensivere Verletzung droht, gerechtfertigt sein. Das soll nicht nur Aggressiver Notstand sondern auch Defensivnotstand angewendet werden. Um es kurz zu sagen, Gegenwärtigkeit in Notwehrlage soll sowohl zeitliche Umstand als auch situationliche Umstand in ferner Zukunft begewert werden.

본 연구의 목적은 TRMM/PR(Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission/Precipitation Radar)에 의하여 관측된 공간강우분포의 수문학적 적용성을 평가하는데 있다. 이를 위하여 우선 용담댐 유역(930.38)을 대상으로 한 TRMM/PR 자료(Y)를 추출한 후, AWS (Automatic Weather Station)에 의하여 관측된 지상강우자료(X)를 공간내삽하여 작성한 분포도와 상관분석을 실시하여 TRMM/PR 자

Young - S eok Choi . 2002. On the Me aning and Function of the Hi s toric al Pre s e nt T ens e . S t ud ie s in M od e rn Gram ma r 27, 147- 160 . This paper is an attempt to sort out various effects and constraint s associated with what has been referred to as the historical present tense in the literature, and to find out its prototypical function from which the observed effects and constraints can be derived. After discussing cert ain general effect s and constraining factors in section Ⅱ based on an analysis of several Korean short stories, I will argue in Section Ⅲ that the central function of the historical present tense is ' suspended judgment ' and that all other effect s and constraints, such as the 'vividness effect ' and the feeling of 'continuing action ' it generates, the ' sense of relief ' triggered by a tense switch to the past after a series of the historical present tense, and the constraints on its use with the first - person action or explicit time markers, can be given plausible explanations based on this simple generalization.

Some morphological character were surveyed and PR-proteinases were induced and characterized from Lilium formosanum Wallace endeimc to Cheju island . Its flower characters were similar to those of white trumpet lilies(Lilium longiflorum Thunb) although its flowering period was later than that of white trumpet lilies and it hadd a wide range of variation among individuals. Six PR-proteinases(II-2, III-1, III-2, IV-1, IV-2 and V) were induced from bulbs by 2.5mM salicylic acid and almost excreted into the intercellular spaces. These PR-proteinases were strongly activated by Ca 2+, , whereas they were strongly inhibited by Cu2+ Co2+ and Fe2+ . Three PR proteinases(II-2, IV-1 and IV-2) were strongly inhibited by 1, 10 -phenanthroline, indicating that these enzymes are metallo-proteinases. Three PR-proteinases(III-1, III-2 and V) had a high sensitivity to PMSF and required β-mercaptoethanol for their activities. These results indicate that these proteinases are cysteine proteinases.