This study was conducted to evaluate a visual surveillance system. The advancement of recording technology and network service make it easy to record and transfer the videos. Moreover, progressed recognition technology help to make a distinction each other. Cows show distinguishing behaviors during their estrus period. The mounting is one of the behaviors. The result was different depending on the breed of the cows and the size of the farm. In the case of Korean native cattle, the estrus detection rate was 71.15%, however, dairy cows, the estrus detection rate was 39.38%. At the farms having below 6 modules, the estrus detection rate was 87.41%. On the other hand, at the farms having over 6 modules, the estrus detection rate was 77.78%. With the proper progress, the visual surveillance system can be used to detect heat detection.

Since the first success of animal cloning, somatic cell nuclear transfer presented various ideas in many research areas such as regenerative medicine. However, SCNT embryos has poor survival rate. Therefore, numerous researches carried out to enhance the developmental capability of porcine nuclear transfer embryos. Cytochalasin B, demecolcine, latrunculin A, cycloheximide and 6-dimethylaminopurine are efficient chemicals treated in post-activation procedure to increase the efficiency of SCNT. This review study is aim to investigate the effects of these chemicals applied to post-activation in porcine SCNT. Cytochalasin B, demecolcine, latrunculin A are cytoskeletal manuplators inhibit extrusion of pseudo-polar body. Cytochalasin B and demecolcine showed considerably higher blastocyst formation proportion (26-28%) compared to when they are not treated (16%). And when latrunculin A was treated for postactivation, blastocyst formation proportion was increased in SCNT embryos exposed to LA (38%) than those in control (14%). On the other hand, cycloheximide and 6-dimethylaminopurine are protein synthesis and kinase inhibitors. And they help to maintain Ca2+ fluctuation in oocytes. Cleavage and blastocyst rates of NT embryos were increased when they were exposed to CHX (16.9% and 5.4% with no CHX).And 6-DMAP also showed higher blastocyst formation (21.5% compared to 15.7%, control). Although all these chemicals have different mechanisms, they showed developmental competence enhancement in NT embryos. However, there are only few studies comparing each chemical’s post-activation effect. Therefore, further research and study should be conducted to find optimal chemical for improving the efficiency of SCNT.

This study is performed to evaluate the effect of insulin in the porcine parthenogenetic embryo development. In porcine embryo culture, insulin is helpful factor in the process of embryo development. To identify this, insulin is used in pig embryos development. Therefore, this study was performed to investigate the effect of insulin on early embryonic development in pigs. For that, insulin positive or negative (0, 10 ug/mL) was supplemented in the porcine IVM media and then compared two groups divided by the cytoplasm of the black groups and white ring groups based on the distribution of lipid material of the cell cytoplasm in microscope. In maturation rates of porcine oocytes, significant higher black group rates were shown in the insulin positive groups compared with other groups (56.0±2.1 vs 46.2±0.3). In the embryo culture, black groups were showed the significant higher cleavage rates (82.1±0.8, 78.3±0.1 vs 63.2±0.3, 63.4±0.0), and blastocyst formation rates (15.5±3.6, 16.6±0.4 vs 11.7±1.3, 7.4±0.2) regardless of whether the addition of insulin. Also, black groups were showed higher cell number of blastocyst (33.2±2.5, 35.5±2.6 vs 31.2±2.1, 31.3±2.2). In conclusion, supplement of insulin producing black group in vitro maturation, it was effective in vitro maturation and embryonic development of pig embryos.

After spreading into Vietnam, the Sanzijing (􁵊􂪘􄳔) had a strong influence on the Sino-Nom writings by Vietnamese authors in both of their form and content. On the form, the three-character verse style of the Sanzijing was adopted in many Vietnam’s works. About the content, premodern Vietnamese authors compiled their works by re-using examples of fondness for learning and categories of traditional concepts. In the process of reception of the Sanzijing, these authors also made immitation, adjustment, application, and combination in many aspects of this book, in order to compile primary textbooks for the education of script, language, history, thoughts, culture of Vietnam.

In the last 10 years, porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer to generate transgenic pig has been performed tremendous development with introduction and knockout of many genes. However, efficiency of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer is still low and embryo transfer (ET) is one of important step for production efficiency. In porcine ET for production of transgenic cloned pig, we can consider many of points to increase production rates. In respect of seasonality and weather, porcine ET usually is not performed in summer and winter. Cloned transgenic embryos must be transferred into reproductive tracts of recipients where embryos are located after natural fertilization with similar estrous cycle. If cloned embryos with 2∼4 cell stage are transferred, they must be transferred into oviducts in periovulatory stage. Number and deposition sites of transferred cloned embryos are important. And we must compare the methods of ET between surgical and non-surgical ones in respect of production efficiency. Sow recipients after natural estrus is most preferred recipients however its cost is must be considered. Here we will review many of current studies about porcine embryo transfer to increase production efficiency of transgenic pigs and strategies for further studies.

Iron is required for cell viability but is toxic in excess. While the iron-mediated malfunction of testicular cells is well appreciated, the underlying mechanism(s) of this effect and its relationship with fertility are poorly understood. Ferritin is a ubiquitous intracellular protein that controls iron storage, ferroxidase activity, immune response, and stress response in cells. Ferritin light chain protein (FTL) is the light subunit of the Ferritin. Previously, we had identified the FTL in bovine spermatozoa following capacitation. In present study, to investigate the role of Ferritin in sperm function, mice spermatozoa were incubated with multiple doses (1, 10 and 100 μM) of sodium nitroprusside (SNP), an iron donor. SNP was increased Ferritin levels in a dose-dependent manner. The Ferritin was detected on the acrosome in spermatozoa by immunocytochemistry. Short-term exposure of spermatozoa to SNP increased tyrosine phosphorylation and the acrosome reaction (AR). Finally, SNP affected a significant decrease in the rate of fertilization as well as blastocyst formation during early embryonic development. On the basis of these results, we propose that the effects of Ferritin on the AR may reduce overall sperm function leads to poor fertility in males and compromised embryonic development.

This research bases on primary sources written in Sinograph and Nôm (vernacular Vietnamese script) by scholars in premodern Vietnam, to make a pedagogical analysis on the role of the Sanzijing (三字經) in Literary Sinitic education in premodern Vietnam. Thus, this paper claims, the study of the civil service examination in premodern Vietnam should be covered from its starting point, the primary level, to fill the gap of a partial concern by modern scholars of the high level.

East Nusa Tenggara (ENT) is one of seven provinces in the eastern region of Indonesia that contribute to the large number of out of school children (OOSC). A research study has been carried out to investigate the characteristics of OOSC and to determine the statistical model explaining factors that influence the OOSC occurrence in the age group 13 – 15 years in ENT. Data of OOSC were obtained from the Education Department and Regional Planning Board in 6 selected districts in ENT that were produced from the community based education information system (CBEIS) survey in coordination with UNICEF Kupang in 2013. The districts were Sikka, Timor Tengah Selatan (TTS), West Sumba, East Sumba, Central Sumba and the City of Kupang. A response variable of the study was the state of the children’s education with the category ‘yes’ for school and ‘no’ for out of school. Data was then analysed using descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression method. The analysis shows that there were 795 OOSC in 10350 children in the junior high school age group. The majority of them are males, living in the country side, have farmer parents, are from families with wealth quintile on the bottom class and have mothers with no education. Logistic analysis on the best model shows that literacy, working status, disability, occupation of household heads, wealth quintile, possession of birth certificate, living status are the factors that significantly affect the number of OOSC in the 13-15 age group. Odds ratio values of the first three factors are 26.5; 12.8 and 7.5 respectively.

SnS-TiO2 nanocomposites are synthesized using simple, cheap, and less toxic SnCl2 as the tin (II) precursor. The prepared nanoparticles are characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (DRS). The XRD and TEM results indicate that the prepared product has SnS nanoparticles and a grain diameter of 30 nm. The DRS demonstrate that SnS-TiO2 possesses the absorption profile across the entire visible light region. The generation of reactive oxygen species is detected through the oxidation reaction from 1,5-diphenyl carbazide (DPCI) to 1,5-diphenyl carbazone (DPCO). It is found that the photocurrent density and photocatalytic effect increase with the modified SnS. Excellent catalytic degradation of Texbrite BA-L (TBA) solution is observed using the SnS-TiO2 composites under visible light irradiation. It is proposed that both the strong visible light absorption and the multiple exciton excitations contribute to the high visible light photocatalytic activity.

We present the results of visual double stars speckle observations from 2013 using a Zeiss Double Refractor 60 cm with visual focal length f = 1,078 cm, and CCD SBIG ST-402 MEA. A Bessel V filter with ⋋ = 550 nm was placed in front of the CCD camera to reduce the chromatic aberration of the objective lens. The objects selected for this observation were calibration candidates and program stars with separations ranging from 0.9—6 arc second, and were located in both the northern and southern hemispheres. Seeing at Bosscha Observatory is generally 1—2 arc second, imposing a limit on visual double star separation below which the system cannot be resolved by long exposure imaging (longer than ~50 ms). Speckle interferometry methods are used to resolve double stars with separations below the typical size of seeing effects. A series of images were captured in fast short-time exposures (~50 ms) using a CCD camera. The result of our experiment shows that our system can be used to measure separations of 0.9 arc second (for systems with small Δm) and Δm ≈ 3.7 (for wide systems).

We present an ongoing study of the complete sample of supernova remnants (SNRs) and candidates in the Magellanic Clouds. 108 objects in both Clouds are considered to be either SNR or reliable candidates. This represents the most complete sample of all known SNRs in any galaxy. It therefore allows us to study SNR population properties such as the age-diameter (Age-D) relation. Here, we show that this Age-D relation is strongly dependant on the local environment in which SNRs are residing.

William Butler Yeats’s poem “Among School Children” is a meditation on love, essence, and change. This paper attempts to relate the Buddhist theories of essence and change to the core philosophical premises of the poem itself. Furthermore, through two specific Buddhist texts, Milindapanho by Nàgasena and Mūlamādhyamikakārikā by Nagarjuna, the paper illustrates similarities in terms of imagery and philosophical ideas in the specific stanzas of the poem, highlighting a philosophical foundation in musings on love and essence as they emerge in the poem.

The microstructures and cyclic voltammograms of Al-Si/C nano-composites were investigated as the anode of lithium ion batteries. Al-Si nanoparticles were prepared by the arc-discharge method. Al-Si/C nanoparticles were obtained by coated Al-Si nanoparticles with the precursor of glucose (C6H12O6) as carbon source. It was indicated that the post carbon coating treatment can reduce Al2O3 film on Al-Si particles, and new phase Al4C3 formed in the process can activate the inactivated materials of electrode in a certain extent.

Social media has radically altered marketing’s ecology of influence. Moreover, through the rise of visual social media platforms in recent years, marketers are facing new challenges. Adopting an exploratory approach, our study combines interviews and content analysis to explore the managerial perspectives to brand storytelling through visual content site Pinterest and to assess its potential as a strategic marketing communications tool.

The purpose of this study is to investigate which of the main social and personality factors affect the attitudes of consumers towards counterfeit products and their purchase intentions in one of largest counterfeit product market as much as the attractive one for the Global Luxury goods ,namely Turkey.