시금치의 주요 해충인 흰띠명나방(Spoladea recurvalis) 유충의 살충제 5종에 대한 감수성을 검정하였다. Lufenuron EC, chromafenozide EC, chlorantraniliprole WP, tebufenozide WP, pyridalyl EW는 각각 2(12.5 ppm), 4(12.5 ppm), 8(2.5 ppm), 4(20.0 ppm), 8(12.5 ppm)배 의 희석농도에서 90% 이상의 높은 살충활성을 보였다. 추천농도로 경엽처리 후 7일이 경과된 시금치 잎에 흰띠명나방 유충이 72시간 동안 노출되 었을 경우 chromafenozide EC, chlorantraniliprole WP, tebufenozide WP, pyridalyl EW의 살충률은 각각 98.3%, 100%, 95.0%, 100%로 나타나 높은 잔효성을 보였다. 흰띠명나방에 대한 방제효과를 2개소(화성, 연천)에서 포장검정 결과, 5종의 약제 모두 2개소에서 약제처리 7일 경과 후 90% 이상의 방제효과를 보였으며 2배량에서도 약해가 없어 향후 흰띠명나방 방제약제로 시금치에 활용이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

Investigations and monitoring of environmental radiation are important for preventing expected accidents or for early detection of unexpected accidents, in nuclear facilities and the surrounding. In the event of an environmental radiation accident, it should be possible to identify and analyze the radiation-contaminated area. Therefore, a rapid radiation monitoring system is required for immediate response and necessary measures. In this study, the distribution of radiation mapping is performed on a contaminated area using 2-dimensional or 3-dimensional contour mapping techniques. The entire surrounding area can be understood at a glance by displaying the radiation contour line on the map of the measured area.

The change of surface environments (e.g., climate change, uplift/subsidence, and erosion) can undermine the long-term safety of a high-level radioactive waste repository. Therefore, understanding the water cycle between atmosphere, surface, and subsurface is essential to ensure the long-term safety of deep geological disposal and consequently to gain public acceptance for the repository. Among hydrologic components (e.g., precipitation, interception, runoff, infiltration, evapotranspiration (ET), and recharge) which constitute the water cycle, ET is more than half of the total precipitation and plays a crucial role in the water and energy transfer among the three systems. Although various methods for ET evaluation (e.g., Bowen Ratio, Eddy Covariance, Optical Scintillation, and Weighing Lysimeter methods) have been developed, many influential factors such as vegetation, climate, and moisture content make its accurate evaluation still tricky. In this work, we chose weighing lysimeter and Penman-Monteith methods for direct/indirect estimation of ET, and installed a smart field lysimeter and a micro-meteorological station around KAERI Underground Research Tunnel. Water balance in the unsaturated zone and five climatic variables (air temperature, humidity, precipitation, radiation, and wind speed/direction) were measured more than once per 10 minutes for six months from April to September, 2022. From the measurements, daily actual and potential ET values at the study site were calculated and compared. We also discussed the applicability and limitation of current methods and ET assessments at different spatial scales regarding verifying and validating the developing numerical models.