To investigate skin-whitening effect of Adenophora triphylla var. japonica sprout extract, antioxidant activity, inhibitory effect on tyrosinase and melanin synthesis in B16/F10 melanoma cell were examined. Total phenolic content (246.25 ㎎ GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (303.94 ㎎ RE/g) of ethyl acetate fraction from Adenophora triphylla sprout (EFAT) showed the highest contents than other fractions (n-hexane, chloroform and distilled water). Antioxidant activities of EFAT has been evaluated using ABTS, DPPH radical scavenging activities, FRAP and inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation. EFAT showed excellent radical scavenging activity and inhibitory effect on MDA production. Inhibitory effect of tyrosinase as a major enzyme of melanin synthesis was also measured. In these results, EFAT showed higher inhibitory effect against L-DOPA (51.27%) than L-tyrosine. IC50 value on α-glucosidase was 41.93 ㎍/㎖. In B16/F10 melanoma cells, EFAT inhibited melanin synthesis at 200 ㎍/㎖ concentration (about 42% decrease). Finally, main physiological compounds of EFAT were identified as a rutin and a chlorogenic acid using high performance liquid chromatography.

Sensory evaluation, in vitro antioxidant activities and main compounds of coffee water-extract, coffee liqueur (CL) and coffee-ground liqueur (CGL) were investigated to consider their industrialization. Sensory evaluation showed that all groups of CGL without 25% CGL (3 month) were relatively higher than CL groups. Total phenolic compounds and in vitro antioxidant activities such as 1,1-diphenyl-2picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) were also performed. The group of 35% CGL had higher total phenolic compounds than others, and the result of DPPH radical scavenging activity was similar to that of total phenolic compounds. In addition, 35% CGL is comparable to the FRAP of coffee water extract (CE). Qualitative and quantitative analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were performed, and chlorogenic acid as a ployphenolic compound and caffeine as a nonpolyphenolic compound were detected in all samples. Moreover, the HPLC analysis showed that CGLs contain a larger amounts of chlorogenic acid (difference of 0.3~10.5%) and also greater amounts of caffeine (difference of 10.0~18.2%) more then CE. Consequently, these results suggest that coffee-ground as coffee by-products could be used as commercially available food substances because of its physiological molecules remained.

최근 기후변화로 인하여 재해의 빈도 및 강도가 급격하게 증가하는 등 기후변화 리스크가 증대되고 있다. 뿐만 아니라 사회·경제적 리스크와 중첩되어 매우 극단적인 양상을 보이는 등, 재난관리에 있어 기후변화 리스크를 체계적으로 관리하는 것이 핵심과제로 떠오르고 있다. 이에 따라 호주 및 영국을 비롯한 국가에서 기후변화 리스크 관리프로세스를 마련·제시하고 있다. 기후변화 리스크는 리스크 요인별·적응주체별로 주체가 겪는 리스크 영향이 달라지기 때문에, 기후변화 리스크관리프로세스 상에 기후변화 리스크 요인과 적응주체, 그리고 그 영향을 반영하여 다차원적으로 접근할 필요가 있다. 그러나 기존에 제시된 리스크 관리프로세스는 기후변화에 따른 요인별· 적응주체별· 기후변화영향을 파악하고 평가하는 측면에서 단편적으로 접근하고 있다. 또 리스크 평가와 리스크관리를 위한 정책대안을 평가하고 선택하는 단계와의 연계성이 떨어져 실질적인 역할을 기대하기 어려운 측면이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 본 연구에서는 기후변화에 따른 직·간접적 리스크를 구분하고 리스크 적응주체의 특성을 반영할 수 있는 다차원적 리스크 관리 프레임워크를 구축하였다. 그리고 이를 지자체 단위의 방재부문에 적용하여 실제 적용가능성을 검토하였다.