구기자 잎을 이용한 특허제품 개발 및 기능성 식품소재에 관한 연구는 다수 진행되고 있으나 구기자 잎을 규격화 표준화하여 대량으로 공급할 수 있는 생산체계는 확립되어 있지 않다. 이에 구기자 육성품종 중에서 잎 생산에 알맞은 품종을 선발하고 가공용 잎을 대량으로 생산할 수 있는 예취시기를 확립코자 하였다. 구기자 11품종 중 잎 생산에 적합한 품종은 ‘명안’이었고, 다른 품종에 비하여 잎이 크고 분얼과 재생력이 왕성하였을 뿐만 아니라 잎 건물수량도 높았다. ‘명안’ 품종에서 구기자 잎 생산에 적합한 예취시기는 초장이 약 60 ~ 70 cm 자랐을 시기였고, 잎 수량은 5월 16일 수확 시 평균 106 ㎏/10a, 6월 20일 수확 시 평균 287 ㎏/10a로서 수확시기가 늦어질수록 직선적으로 증가되었다. 구기자의 지표성분인 베타인 함량을 1.43 ~ 2.63% 범위였고, 품종과 예취시기에 따라 함량이 다른데 생육이 진전 될수록 증가되는 경향이었다. 구기자나무 잎의 주요 생리기능성을 조사한 결과 항고혈압성을 나타내는 ACE 저해활성이 평균 84.4 ~ 90.8%로 높은 편이었고, 나머지 생리기능성은 20% 이하로 낮거나 검출되지 않았다.

Background : Insect pests damages are increasing on the field of Lycium chinense under organic farming management and especially, pest damage of Gelechiidae (Ilseopsis parki Povolny) is serious. Currently, various organic farming materials are registered, but insecticidal activity against Gelechiidae was not verified. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to screening for effective organic farming materials showing insecticidal activity in Gelechiidae. Methods and Results : Screening for effective organic farming materials (OFM) showing insecticidal activity in Gelechiidae, we screening OFMs through in vitro testing Among them, OFMs showing insecticidal activity were first selected through field test. In the field test method, OFMs was sprayed at the time of moth occurrence, after 5 days of treatment, insecticidal activity was investigated as a result, a total of five OFMs were selected through the in vitro test and the Sophora japonica and three plant extracts showed the best control effect at 81.7%. in 2017. In 2018, the 2017 selected OFM and 4 kinds of new OFMs were field tested. The field test was performed in the same method as before. As a result, 2 kinds of OFMs made of Sophora japonica and three plant extracts extract and Sophora flavescens extract showed high control value of 87.3% and 88.3%, respectively. In contrast one organic agricultural material showed a chemical injury. To determine the timing of control, the extract was treated before and after topping and pretreatment of topping showed better control value by 80%. Conclusion : Insecticidal activity against Gelechiidae was not effective in all tested OFMs, but the 2 OFMs showed a high control value of over 80%. In this study, we selected 2 materials out of 9 OFMs against Gelechiidae, and It was effective to treat OFM before topping.

Background : Boxthorn (Lycium chinense M. 2 n = 24) is a self-incompatibility crop of solanales. It can not be fertilized in the cultivation of single cultivars. Therefore it is necessary to select proper pollinizer. We selsected good line, Cheongyang 26, with Anthracnose-resistant and high yield. This experiment was carried out to select proper pollinizer through researching self-incompatible and Cross-compatibility. Methods and Results : The self-incompatibility test of Cheongyang 26 was investigated fertilization rate and fruit Characteristics by artificial selfing fertilization. Investigation of fertilization rate and fruit characteristics by artificial fertilization was carried out to test cross-compatibility of Cheongyang 26 with Cheongwoon, Hokwang, Cheongdang, Cheonghong, Cheongkwang and Cheonggeum. Self-fertilization rate of Cheongyang 26 was 19.3%, self-incompatibility. In flowering period, Cheongkwang, Cheonghong, Hokwang, Cheongyang 26 and Cheongdang were early. The fertilization rate of Cheongkwang, Cheonggeum, Cheongwoon, Hokwang and Cheongdang in order was high when Cheongyang 26 was bred as seed parent. The fertilization rate of Cheonggeum, Hokwang, Cheongwoon and Cheongdang in order was high when Cheongyang 26 was bred as pollen parent. Cross-compatibility of Cheongyang 26 and Cheonghong was very low because of inbreeding. Anthracnose on fruits in open field was strong in Cheongyang 26, Cheonghong and Cheonggeum. The infection rates on leaves to Eriophys macrodonis Keifer was high in Cheongyang 26 and Cheongwoon. Conclusion : The proper pollinizer of Cheongyang 26 in open field was Cheonggeum when considering flowering period, cross-compatibility, Anthracnose and Eriophys macrodonis Keifer. In rain-shelter plastic greenhouse, the proper pollinizer of Cheongyang 26 was Cheongwoon because it’s able to prevent Anthracnose in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse.

Background : Boxthorn (Lycium chinense M. 2 n = 24) is a self-incompatibility crop of solanales. It can not be fertilized in the cultivation of single cultivars. Therefore it is necessary to select proper pollinizer. We developed a new variety, Cheonggeum, with Anthracnose-resistant and high yield. This experiment was carried out to select proper pollinizer through researching self-incompatible and Cross-compatibility. Methods and Results : The self-incompatibility test of Cheonggeum was investigated fertilization rate and fruit Characteristics by artificial selfing fertilization. Investigation of fertilization rate and fruit characteristics by artificial fertilization was carried out to test cross-compatibility of Cheonggeum with Cheongwoon, Cheongmeong, Hokwang, Cheonghong and Cheongkwang. Self-fertilization rate of Cheonggeum was 11.1%, self-incompatibility. In flowering period, Cheongkwang, Cheonghong, Cheongmeong, Hokwang and Cheongwoon were early in order. Flowering period of Cheonggeum was June 18. When Cheonggeum was bred as seed parent, the fertilization rate of Cheongmeong and Cheonghong were high. When Cheonggeum was bred as pollen parent, the fertilization rate of Cheonghong and Hokwang were high. Cross-compatibility of Cheonggeum with Cheongkwang or Cheongwoon was low. Anthracnose on fruits in open field was strong in Cheonggeum, Cheongmeong and Cheonghong. The infection rates on leaves to Eriophys macrodonis Keifer was middle in Cheonggeum, Cheongmeong, Hokwang, Cheonghong and Cheongkwang. But it’s was high in Cheongwoon. Conclusion : The proper pollinizer of Cheonggeum in open field was Cheonghong when considering flowering period, cross-compatibility, Anthracnose and Eriophys macrodonis Keifer.

Background : The reduction in the area of cultivation and production is a difficult factor to solve in order to expand Boxthorn's culture for the main reasons for the aging agricultural labor and rising unit prices. Increasing the area of cultivation and production requires less labor and ease of work. This experiment was designed to provide improved plant type to increase the area of cultivation and to secure efficient machinery harvest. Methods and Results : The variety of experiment is 'whasu' and was cultivated in 2015 and planted in fields on April 4, 2016. The plant types were 150 × 50 ㎝ T-shaped fence plant type. The number of times to be cut was two, and the branches were extended to produce fruits. The typical T-shaped fence plant type for comparison is made of two stems, 10 ㎝ in length, and a single cut, then a long stretch of branches for harvesting. As a result of the experiment, it was difficult to verify the applicability and quantity of the handy type harvesting machine in order to make the re-ordination, and from the following year it was possible to verify. Major items such as stem number, stem length, quantity, time of harvest, and efficiency of harvest were investigated when applying the handy type harvesting machine. Two stems had 20% more branches than a single stem, while the yield increased by 7%. Two stems, five ㎝ long, and two cuts were numerous and long, and the quantity was 33% higher than the customary T-shaped fence plant type. When working with the machinery harvest work, the ratio of work performed was 62% for harvesting, 19% for collection, and 19% for separation of foreign materials. The proportion of the collector work and the segmentation of design materials was 38%, which was an urgent problem to be remedied. Two stems, five ㎝, and two cuts increased the quantity by 33% compared to the customary method of T-shaped fence plant type, and the machinery harvest work efficiency was 56% higher, making it suitable for handy type harvesting machine. Conclusion : T-shaped fenceplant type of two stems, five centimeters, and two cuts was a good shape for Handy type harvesting machine.

Background : Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang is potent medicinal plant that is being used cough and asthmatic. Consumers interested in size and color choices when buying products. So, the class attributes and consumer choice differentiation by strengthening the competetiveness of farmhouse want to do. Methods and Results : About 50 purchases for the studys gustionnaire responds by sending a consumer survey analysis was required about 30 people. For the classification by products test planting in the harvested produce, and below classification by size and color. Class size are high grade (tuberous root length 26.1 ㎜ more, tuberous root diameter 6.1 ㎜ more), middle grade (tuberous root length from 23.1 to 26.0 ㎜, tuberous root diameter from 5.6 to 6.0 ㎜), low grade (tuberous root length 23.0 ㎜ less, tuberous root diameter 5.5 ㎜ less) by size. The rate of goods continued raised from beginning April to beginning May by harvest time. High grade color is brightness (L, 54.9), red (a, 3.3) and yellow (b, 17.0) so that hold out bright color. Conclusion : High grade have more tuberous root length and diameter size and hold out bright color

Background : The dried ripe fruits, leaf and root of boxthorn are widely used for medicinal purposes and as a functional food. Among them, frut is the most susceptible to anthracnose in the open field. Currently, there are only 5 fungicides registered in boxthorn anthracnose. In addition, resistance to fungicides caused by frequent use occurred in many open field, Therefore, a study on the fungicide resistance of boxthorn anthracnose was needed. Methods and Results : In 2017, collected anthracnose from boxthorn fruit. The collected samples were isolated by a single spore isolation method and 20 isolates of Collectotrichum spp. were obtained To test for anthracnose fungicide resistance, propineb, tebuconazole, azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin fungicide were used. Monitoring for fungicide resistance of Collectotrichum spp. causing boxthorn anthracnos to test fungicide were conducted by agar dilution method. The assay concentration were control, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, 100 ㎍/㎖ and strobilurin group of azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin were treated salicylhydroxamic acid (SHAM) to the alternative breath suppression at a concentration of 100 ㎍/㎖. In the result, Prevention of fungicide propineb was more than 100 ㎍/㎖ of EC50, and tebuconazole was less than 1 ㎍/㎖ except for 1 isolate of EC50 azoxystrobin and pyraclostrobin showed a difference even though they had the same mode of action. Azoxystrobin showed almost no inhibition of mycelial growth except 6 isolates and remaining 6 isolates had EC50 of less than 1 ㎍/㎖, pyraclostrobin was divided into two groups of EC50, 6 isolates were less than 0.1 ㎍ /㎖ and 14 isolates were more than 1 ㎍/㎖. Conclusion : In summary, response to fungicides of anthracnose, azoxystrobin of strobilurin group showed the highest resistance to fungicide. As these fungicide resistance continues to develop, we plan to register a new anthracnose fungicide and improve the control method.

Background : The most problematic disease in Boxthorn is Anthracnose in open field. New variety with Anthracnose-resistant is good for high yield and Safe fruit production in open field. Therefore it is necessary to develop a new variety with Anthracnose -resistant and high yield. Methods and Results : The new boxthorn line, CB10511-104 was selected from the cross between CB09480-18 and Chunghong (IT258916) to breed new variety with high yield, Anthracnose-resistant and good color in 2011. Its preliminary yield test was performed from 2013 to 2014 and the selected line was named Cheongyang 26. Its regional yield trials were carried out in Cheongyang, Yesan and Jindo for 3 years, from 2015 to 2017. Cheongyang 26 was registered as the new variety, Cheonggang, in 2017. The specific characteristics were summarized as follows. Tree shape is semi-open type and the leaf is lanceolate and green color. The flowers are normal size and purple. The fruit is normal size, round oval and redish. The flowering was June 17 with medium flowering. Number of sprout branch by pruning was generated less than the check variety, Cheongmeong. The infection rates on leaves to Eriophys macrodonis Keifer of Chunggang, 54.4 percent, was higher than the check variety, Cheongmeong. Anthracnose on fruits in open field was slightly strong compared to the check variety, but check variety was Anthracnose-resistant. The content of betaine and free sugar in dried-fruits were higher than that of the check variety. The dried-fruit yield was increased about 26 percent in open field compared Cheongmeong. Conclusion : This variety ‘Cheonggang’ was suitable for cultivation in open field and rain-shelter plastic greenhouse because of Anthracnose-resistant and good color. It is necessary the companion variety because of self-incompatible. It’s suitable ‘Cheonggeum’ in open field, ‘Cheongun’ in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse.

Background : Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang is planting in April and harvest next April for the fourth season went through medicinal crops. This is why growth and impact on the quantity of additional fertilizer for application timing and amount of application is very important. To want to find out optimal method of additional fertilizer that can increase the quantity and quality application. Methods and Results : So this study was designed in order to find out proper timing for application and amount of applied fertilizer. Timing for application were July, September, November (custom) and May, July, September and August, October, December. Amount of applied fertilizer were 7 ㎏, 13 ㎏, 19 ㎏ per 10 a. The result of an experiment, when In cultivation with timing for application was May, July, September and amount of applied fertilizer was 7 ㎏ per 10 a, In situation of growth and development, plant length was short and root length was long and number of plants was many than timing for application was August, October, December and amount of applied fertilizer was 19 ㎏ per 10 a. In addition, in quantity characteristics, tuberous root number was 44 to 68 more than 24 and tuberous root length and tuberous root thickness was long and thicker. When these growth and development situation and the quantity characteristics, yield was 275 ㎏ to 340 ㎏ more than 65 ㎏ per 10 a. That is 5.2 times. Conclusion : In cultivation of Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang, when the timing for application quickly start in May and reducing the amount of applied fertilizer was yield increased 5.2 times.

Background : Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang are very sensitive to the excess moisture condition and dry crops. This is why the tuberous root is big and as many as the quantity for adequate water is needed. Study of proper bed width and hight to maintain optimal moisture for the high quality and yield. Methods and Results : So this study was designed in order to find out proper bed Width and hight. Bed width were 80 ㎝, 100 ㎝, 120 ㎝ and hight were 10 ㎝, 15 ㎝, 20 ㎝. The result of an experiment, when cultivation with bed width 100 ㎝, hight 20 ㎝, In situation of growth and development, plant length and root length were long and number was plants was many than bed width 120 ㎝, hight 10 ㎝. In addition, in quantity characteristics, tuberous root number was 27 to 58 more than 31 and tuberous root length and tuberous root thickness was long and thicker. When these growth and development situation and the quantity characteristics, yield was 66 ㎏ to 252 ㎏ more than 186 ㎏ per 10 a. Conclusion : In cultivation of Liriope platyphylla Wang et Tang, when to maintain optimal moisture with bed width 100 ㎝, hight 20 ㎝ have been higher quality and yield than cultivation with bed width 120 ㎝, hight 10 ㎝.

Background : Insect pests damages are increasing on the field of Lycium chinense under eco-friendly organic management and especially, pest damage of Gelechiidae (Ilseopsis parki Povolny) is serious. Currently, various eco-friendly organic materials are registered, but insecticidal activity against Gelechiidae was not verified. Therefore, this experiment was carried out to select eco-friendly organic materials showing insecticidal activity in Gelechiidae. Methods and Results : To test insecticidal activity, the Gelechiidae lavas were collected from the field and Nine eco-friendly organic materials were collected from the market. method. The insecticidal activity assay method was, putting Gelechiidae lavas on the 90mm petridish then water-diluted eco-friendly organic materials were sprayed onto the laver. Result of insecticidal activity was observed with a microscope 10 minutes, 2 hours and 18 hours after the treatment. Microscopic observation results, insecticidal activity was shown only in 5 out of 9 materials. Conclusion : As a result, Insecticidal activity against Gelechiidae was not effective in all tested materials, but the 5 eco-friendly organic materials showed the same effect in repeated experiments. In this study, we selected 5 materials out of 9 eco-friendly organic materials against Gelechiidae, then future studies are planned to select the most suitable materials by field testing the 5 eco-friendly organic materials.

Background : The most problematic disease in Boxthorn is Anthracnose. New variety with Anthracnose-resistant is good for high yield and Safe fruit production in open field. Therefore it is necessary to develop a New variety with Anthracnose -resistant and high yield. Methods and Results : The new boxthorn line, CB10511-104 was selected from the cross between Cheongun (IT232599) and CB08456-113 to breed new variety with high yield and Anthracnose-resistant in 2011. Its preliminary yield test was performed from 2012 to 2013 and the selected line was named Cheongyang 25. Its regional yield trials were carried out in Cheongyang, Yesan and Jindo for 3 years, from 2014 to 2016. Cheongyang 25 was registered as the new variety, Cheonggeum, in 2016. The specific characteristics were summarized as follows; Tree shape is open type and the leaf is round-lanceolate. The flowers are normal size and purple. The fruit is large size, round oval and yellowish red. The flowering was June 19 with medium flowering. Number of sprout branch by pruning was generated more than the check variety, Cheongmeong. The infection rates on leaves to Eriophys macrodonis Keifer was as strong as 39.6 percent. Anthracnose on fruits in open field was slightly similare compared to the check variety, but check variety was Anthracnose-resistant. The content of betaine and free sugar in dried-fruits were higher than that of the check variety. The dried-fruit yield was decreased about 17 percent in open field. Conclusion : This variety ‘Cheonggeum’ was suitable for cultivation in open field because of Anthracnose-resistant. It is necessary the companion variety, Cheonghong, because of self-incompatible.

Background : Black Non-Woven Fabric Mulch Culture was knowned increased crop Yield and saved weeding labor in Liriope Pilatyphylla Wang et Tang. But to the removal and planting labor is more needed, So some famers are avoidance that culting method. Methods and Results : So this study was experimented in order to selecting optimun removal time in Liriope Pilatyphylla Wang et Tang mulch culture. Removal time were conventional practices (in April next yesr), September, October and November. In early, Plant length, Root length, Leaf number and number of plants was the long and many by the sooner removal time and also, dry weight was heavier. Black non-woven fabric removal labor was saved by the sooner removal time. The main event of weeds were Cyperus serotinus Rottb and Portulaca oleracea L. In harvest time, Plant length and plants of numbers was the longest and heavier at conventional practice (in April next year) and November removed. Tuberous root number was the more in September removal, Because, the tuber was tall and long. Total1y consideration of the including weeds shooting, weeding labor and Growth and development situation, Black non-woven fabric removal optimum time was September or Conventional practices (in April next year). Conclusion : Black non-woven fabric optimum removal time was the september . In this experiment, increased yield 9, income 16 percent than conventional practices (in April next year).

Background : Natural Mortality Vinyl much culture are increased crop yield and saved weeding workforce. But research is insufficient that of Liriope Pilatyphylla Wang et Tang. Black non-woven fabric mulch culture are increased crop yield and superior to occurrence of weeds, but to the removal and planting more labor needed, so, Farmers are avoidance using that. Methods and Results : So this study designed in order to selecting the best covering material. Using in this study, covering materials were Conventional practices (non covering), Natural mortality vinyl and black non-woven fabric. Soil temperature was continued highly after planting from in mid-may to in august a regular. among them natural mortality vinyl mulch was the highest. Natural mortality vinyl mulch was the fastest that humidity of soil change and Growth and development situation by maintaining proper temperature and humidity. Non mulching was little change in temperature and humidity and the slowest in the Growth and development situation. The main event of weeds were Cyperus serotinus Rottb and Portulaca oleracea L. Weeding labor was saved from 43 to 57 percent in the natural mortality vinyl and black non-woven fabric mulch. Plant length was the shortest in the conventional practices and Root length, Leaf number and number of plants were little changed. Yield was increased from 27 to 29 percent in the natural mortality vinyl and black non-woven fabric mulch than conventional practices. Result of comprehensive economic analysis including weeding labor and yield, the natural mortality vinyl mulch culture was income increased 92 percent than conventional practices. Conclusion : Natural mortality vinyl mulch culture were weeds shooting controled and increased yield 39, income 92 percent than conventional practices (non covering).

Background : Acreage of rain-shelter plastic greenhouse to prevent anthrax is being gradually increased according to growing importance of safe Boxthorn production. But When Boxthorn is grown in the hot season in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse, Fertility decreases. The fertilization rate tends to be different according to cultivated variety and ventilation type of rain-shelter plastic greenhouse. Therefore it is necessary to identify cause and look for a solution. Methods and Results : In the experiment, ‘Cheongun’ cultivar was grown in the rain-shelter plastic greenhouses for the tests. Environment of rain-shelter plastic greenhouses, fertilization rate and density of flower visiting insect were investigated according to ventilation type. Pollen germination and pollen tube elongation on stigma were investigated according to temperature. In mid-July, the temperature on a clear day rose to 45℃ in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse of side vents. Pollen germination and pollen tube elongation on stigma were normal for 3 hours on 30, 35℃. Fertilization rate was somewhat reduced on 40℃ but Pollen germination and pollen tube elongation was good. On 45℃, fertilization rate was very poor and There was no pollen germination. Density of flower visiting insect in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse of roof and side vents was higher than that in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse of side vents. The fertilization rate on high temperature did not show any difference regardless of ventilation type. The rate of artificial cross-fertilization and airborne fertilization were high in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse of roof and side vents. It was necessary to improve airborne fertilization rate because airborne fertilization rate was significantly lower than artificial cross-fertilization regardless of ventilation type. Conclusion : When it was cultivated in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse, the reasons for the lowering of the fertilization rate were as follows. Density of flower visiting insect was low. Boxthorn, which was insect pollination crop, was needed sufficient flower visiting insect on flowering period. But it was insufficiency especially in rain-shelter plastic greenhouse of side vents. Another reason was decrease in pollen germination and pollen tube elongation. Pollen germination was suppressed in the high temperature.

Background : As the farmers who grow Chinese matrimony vine (Lycium chinense Miller) in rain-shelter greenhouses increase, it is necessary to develop a cultivar with self-compatibility and high quality. Methods and Results : The new boxthorn line, CBP06419-243 was selected from the cross between CBP03310-250(IT232705) and CBP05399-1 to breed the cultivar with self-compatibility and high quality. These lines used for crossing was tetradilpoid induced by the colchicine treatment on bud. Its preliminary yield test was performed from 2009 to 2011 and the selected line was named Cheongyang 18. Its regional yield trials were carried out in Cheongyang, Yesan and Jindo from 2012, 2014, 2015 and Cheongyang 18 was registered as the new variety, Whasu, in 2015. The specific characteristics were summarized as follows; Tree shape is semi-open type and the leaf is lanceolate. The flowers are distinctly larger. The fruit type is medium size, long oblong and yellowish red. The flowering was June 21 with medium flowering. Branching by pruning its sprout was generated less than the check variety, Cheongmeong. The infection rates on leaves to Eriophys macrodonis Keifer was as strong as 7.7 percent. Anthracnose on fruits in open field was slightly severe compared to the check variety, but the infection rates in rain shelter greenhouses was similar. The content of betaine and free sugar in dried-fruits were higher than that of the check. The dried-fruit yield was decreased about 13 percent in open field, but increased 18 percent in rain shelter greenhouses. Conclusion : This variety ‘Whasu’ was suitable for cultivation in plastic film greenhouses because of self-compatibility and high-yielding. It is not necessary the companion variety.