본 연구는 청소년의 음악 활동은 청소년이 정서적으로 안정되면서 스트레스 감소와 자아존중감 향상에 긍정적인 효과를 기대할 수 있음을 선행연구들을 통하여 고찰하고자 한다. 선행연구 결과 실험집단의 청소년들이 음악 활동을 진행하면서 사회성이 부족한 청소년들에게 음악 활동을 적용하여 우울감 향상과 낮은 자아존중감 향상에 도움을 주며 자아존중감이 더욱 긍정적인 방향으로 향상되었음을 밝혔다. 그리고 음악 활동을 통해 감정을 표현하면서 공부에 대한 압박감과 욕구불만에 대한 스트레스, 친구 관련, 부모 관련, 교사 관련, 자기 관련 등의 스트레스를 감소시킬 수 있다. 그러므로 음악 활동이 청소년의 정서 능력 향상에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며 청소년의 스트레스에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 중요한 활동임을 확인하였으며, 음악 활동 관련한 꾸준한 연구의 필요성을 제시하는 바이다.

We examined the effects of biological activity Phellinus linteus mycelium culture with cassiae semen extract. Firstly, the optimal temperature, initial pH and culture period for mycelial growth in a liquid culture of P. linteus were determined, and they were 30℃, pH 5.0 and 8 days respectively. The five herbal materials were examined against several health functional efficacies, and, as a result, Cassiae semen was chosen, with its superior inhibitory effects in β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, electron donating activity, ACE inhibitory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities(95.3%, 80.9%, 96.1 and 24.2%, respectively). P. linteus fruit body was investigated on β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, electron donating activity, ACE inhibitory, and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities, and they were 54.7%, 81.9%, 30.0% and 20.1%, respectively. Accordingly, C. semen was used in the following experiment, to give an additive functional effect on the P. linteus. As the amount of C. semen in the cultural media increased, mycelial weight and β-glucan contents also increased, but final pH was not influenced. In addition, the β-glucuronidase inhibitory activity, electron donating activity, and α- glucosidase inhibitory activity increased. P. linteus mycelium culture showed higher activities in the other three tests above, except for electron donating activity, when C. semen was added to the medium before cultivation.

Although several enteric viral pathogens including the porcine groups A, B and C rotaviruses (PGARV, PGBRV, and PGCRV), sapovirus (PSaV), and torovirus (PToV) are known to cause endemic diarrheas in weaning and post-weaning piglets, their precise prevalence in Korea is not clear. Therefore, we examined 1,222 diarrhea stools obtained from 627 farms during 2004～2009 by RT-PCR and/or nested PCR for evaluating their precise prevalence in Korea. PGARV was the predominant pathogen during 2004～2007 but its prevalence was markedly reduced during 2008～2009. PGBRV infections caused endemic diarrhea during 2004～2007, but was hardly detected during 2008-2009. PGCRV was detected at 27.0%, 14.5%, 42.4%, 28.8%, 7.3%, and 54.2% during each year of 2004～2009, respectively, indicating its high prevalence in Korea throughout the years. PSaV induced with high prevalence (32.4-39.2%) during 2004～2005 but its detection rate was markedly decreased during 2006～2009. PToV caused sporadic infections only during 2006 (1.0%) and 2007 (6.9%). These enteric viruses were detected in diarrhea specimens in piglets usually in combination with each other and/or together with bacterial pathogens including the Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Brachispira hyodysenteriae, and Lawsonia intracellularis. Infections with PGARV, PGCRV, PSaV, and PToV were more prevalent in fecal samples collected in cold seasons. These results provide important epidemiological data for the control and establishment of a surveillance system for the prevailing enteric viruses in Korea.